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Youhua Li,Lubing Shi,Zhongming Liu,Xiaopeng Wang,Xuetao Qiao,Zhihong Zhang,Shidang Yan 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.12
For high-speed, heavy-load gear units, the meshing tooth surfaces are generally under the mixed lubrication state, which is crucial for gear pitting or micro pitting damage. To clarify the effects of lubrication state on tooth pitting damage, carrying out both numerical and experimental studies on the contact severity of gears under different lubrication states is necessary. In this paper, a 3D line-contact elasto hydrodynamic lubrication model considering fractal surface roughness was developed and used to investigate the lubrication characteristics of involute gears. Both the distributions of pressure and film thickness fluctuated under the rolling contact of rough surfaces. The fluctuations became more substantial with the increase of load and roughness. Furthermore, from the calculated film thickness ratio λ, the contact of gear tooth surfaces with a fractal roughness of Ra = 0.8 μm was always under full lubrication state (λ > 1). When the roughness was increased to Ra = 3.2 μm, the contact was first transmitted into the mixed lubrication state (0.2 < λ < 1) under the load of 1000 N*m and finally deteriorated to boundary lubrication state (λ < 0.2) under the load of 2000 N*m. The boundary lubrication state that occurred under the contact of highly rough surfaces could induce the formation of gear pitting damage. The contact fatigue test showed the gear tooth surface roughness increased from 0.7 μm to around 2.7 μm after 8 million running cycles and then suffered pitting failure after another 2 million cycles, which was consistent with the simulation analysis prediction.
A Novel Combination Forecasting Algorithm Based on Time Series
Lihua Yang,Baolin Li,Xuetao Li,Lvjiang Yin 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.8 No.2
To effectively predict cigarette sales and improve the competitiveness of tobacco business enterprises, the characteristics of actual cigarette sales were detailed analyzed. Due to the long-term growth trends, seasonal fluctuations and the nonlinearity of monthly sales, we established three single forecasting models, which are Exponential Smoothing (ES), Seasonal Decomposition (SD) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network. After obtaining the predicted value of three single models, the combination forecasting model was proposed. The weights of the three single models were computed using Mean Absolute Error and the mean relative error respectively, the result shows that relative error is more effective. A dynamic weight combination forecasting method based on RBF is proposed and compared with fixed weight method. Finally, the prediction accuracy of different models was compared based on the criteria of MAPE and RMSE, and the effectiveness of the combination method was proved, the proposed model can take advantage of the strengths of the three single models, the results indicate that the combination forecasting model suitable for cigarette sales has higher prediction accuracy. In some cases, the prediction accuracy of the fixed weight combination model is better than the dynamic weight combination model. The results can provide a certain reference to cigarette sales forecasting.
An Improved Shared-Path Protection Algorithm for Double-Link Failures in Meshed WDM Optical Networks
Wang, Xingwei,Guo, Lei,Li, Lemin,Wei, Xuetao The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2008 Journal of communications and networks Vol.10 No.3
In this paper, we investigate survivability in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) mesh networks and propose a new algorithm called improved shared-path protection (ISPP) to completely tolerate the double-link failures. Compared with previous algorithms for protecting double-link failures, i.e., shared-path protection (SPP) and shared-link protection (SLP), the advantage of ISPP is to allow primary paths and backup paths to share the mixed wavelength-links based on the proposed new rules in which some primary wavelength-links can be changed to mixed wavelength-links, which can be shared by primary paths and backup paths. In addition, some mixed wavelength-links also can be shared by different backup paths for saving resources. Simulation results show that ISPP algorithm performs better in resource utilization ratio and blocking probability than conventional SPP and SLP algorithms.
An Improved Shared-Path Protection Algorithm for Double-Link Failures in Meshed WDM Optical Networks
Xingwei Wang,Lei Guo,Lemin Li,Xuetao Wei 한국통신학회 2008 Journal of communications and networks Vol.10 No.3
In this paper, we investigate survivability in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) mesh networks and propose a new algorithm called improved shared-path protection (ISPP) to completely tolerate the double-link failures. Compared with previous algorithms for protecting double-link failures, i.e., sharedpath protection (SPP) and shared-link protection (SLP), the advantage of ISPP is to allow primary paths and backup paths to share the mixed wavelength-links based on the proposed new rules in which some primary wavelength-links can be changed to mixed wavelength-links,which can be shared by primary paths and backup paths. In addition, some mixed wavelength-links also can be shared by different backup paths for saving resources. Simulation results show that ISPP algorithm performs better in resource utilization ratio and blocking probability than conventional SPP and SLP algorithms.