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Xua Zhinan,Fang Limei,Lin Jianping,Jiang Xiaoxia,Liu Ying,Cen Peilin The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2006 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.11 No.1
The asymmetric biosynthesis of ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydrobutanoate from ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate was investigated by using whole cells of Candida magnoliae JX120-3 without the addition of glucose dehydrogenase or $NADP^+/NADPH$. In a one-phase system, the bioconversion yield was seriously affected on the addition of 12.1 g/L ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate. In order to reduce this substrate inhibition, a water/ n-butyl acetate two-phase system was developed, and the bioreduction conditions optimized with regard to the yield and product enantiometric excess value. The optimal conditions were as following: water to n-butyl acetate volume ratio of 1:1, 4.0 g DCW/L active cells, 50 g/L glucose and $35^{\circ}C$. By adopting a dropwise substrate feeding strategy, high concentration of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (60 g/L) could be asymmetrically reduced to ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydrobutanoate with high yield (93.8%) and high enantiometric excess value (92.7%).
Xua, Jun,Houa, Yujie,Yang, Hongbo,Shi, Renhuang,Wu, Caixia,Huo, Yongjiu,Zhao, Guoqi Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.5
Eight multiparous Holstein cows ($632{\pm}12$ kg BW; $135{\pm}16$ DIM) were used in a replicated $4{\times}4$ Latin square design to evaluate the effects of forage sources on rumen fermentation characteristics, performance, and microbial protein (MCP) synthesis. The forage portion of the diets contained alfalfa hay (AH), oat hay (OH), Leymus chinensis (LC), or rice straw (RS) as the primary source of fiber. Diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric, and cows were fed four corn silages based total mixed rations with equivalent nonfiber carbohydrate (NFC) and forage neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Dry matter intake was not affected by the source of dietary forages, ranging from 18.83 to 19.20 kg/d, consequently, milk yield was similar among diets. Because of the numerical differences in milk fat and milk protein concentrations, 4% FCM and ECM yields were unchanged (p>0.05). Mean rumen pH, NH3-N content, and concentrations of volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid were not affected by the treatments (p>0.05). Dietary treatments did not affect the total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein (p>0.05); however, digestibility of NDF and acid detergent fiber in RS diet was higher compared with AH, OH, and LC diets (p<0.05). Total purine derivative excretion was higher in cows fed AH, OH, and LC diets compared with those fed RS diet (p<0.05), consequently, estimated MCP synthesis was 124.35 g/d higher in cows fed AH diet compared with those fed RS diet (p<0.05). The results indicated that cows fed AH, OH, LC, and RS diets with an equivalent forage NDF and NFC have no unfavourable effect on the ruminal fermentation and productive parameters.
Jingshi Xua,Xue Lib,Soonkyoo Choe 강원대학교 경영경제연구소 2022 Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Vol.13 No.1
Purpose - This study was aimed to investigate whether the outcomes of green innovation brought positive effects to Chinese firms’ ESG performance. Design/methodology/approach - Green innovation patents and ESG performance data of Chinese listed firms were empirically analyzed using panel data fix-effect linear estimations. Findings - The study found that green innovation performance enhanced Chinese firms’ ESG performance. Also, the results showed that corporate social responsibility decoupling weakened this relationship and state ownership positively moderated this relationship, whereas corporate philanthropic giving did not have significant impact. Research implications or Originality - The findings indicated that green innovation was beneficial to enhancing corporate sustainability performance. In addition, the study highlighted the role of CSR communications and state ownership in interacting the positive effect that green innovation performance brings to corporate ESG performance.
Estimation of floor response spectra induced by artificial and real earthquake ground motions
Wuchuan Pu,Xi Xua 국제구조공학회 2019 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.71 No.4
A method for estimating the floor response spectra (FRS) of elastic structures under earthquake excitations is proposed. The method is established based on a previously proposed direct estimation method for single degree of freedom systems, which generally overestimates the FRS of a structure, particularly in the resonance period range. A modification factor is introduced to modify the original method; the modification factor is expressed as a function of the period ratio and is determined through regression analysis on time history analysis results. Both real and artificial ground motions are considered in the analysis, and it is found that the modification factors obtained from the real and artificial ground motions are significantly different. This suggests that the effect of ground motion should be considered in the estimation of FRS. The modified FRS estimation method is further applied to a 10-story building structure, and it is verified that the proposed method can lead to a good estimation of FRS of multi-story buildings.