Effect of dietary protein sources on production performance, egg quality, and plasma parameters of laying hens

Xiaocui Wang,Haijun Zhang,Hao Wang,Jing Wang,Shugeng Wu,Guanghai Qi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.3

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protein sources (soybean meal, SBM; low-gossypol cottonseed meal, LCSM; double-zero rapeseed meal, DRM) on laying performance, egg quality, and plasma parameters of laying hens. Methods: A total of 432 32-wk-old laying hens were randomly divided into 6 treatments with 6 replicates of 12 birds each. The birds were fed diets containing SBM, LCSM100, or DRM100 individually or in combination with an equal amount of crude protein (CP) (LCSM50, DRM50, and LCSM50-DRM50). The experimental diets, which were isocaloric (metabolizable energy, 11.11 MJ/kg) and isonitrogenous (CP, 16.5%), had similar digestible amino acid profile. The feeding trial lasted 12 weeks. Results: The daily egg mass was decreased in the LCSM100 and LCSM50-DRM50 groups (p<0.05) in weeks 41 to 44. The LCSM50 group did not affect egg production compared to the SBM group in weeks 41 to 44 (p>0.05) and showed increased yolk color at the end of the trial (p<0.05). Compared to the SBM group, the LCSM100 and LCSM50-DRM50 groups showed decreased albumen weight (p<0.05), CP weight in the albumen (p<0.05) and CP weight in the whole egg (p<0.05) at 44 weeks. Plasma total protein (TP) levels were lower in the LCSM100 group than in the SBM group at 44 weeks (p<0.05); however, TP, albumin, and globulin levels were not significantly different between the LCSM50 group and the SBM group or between the DRM50 group and the SBM group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Together, our results suggest that the LCSM100 or DRM100 diets may produce the adverse effects on laying performance and egg quality after feeding for 8 more weeks. The 100.0 g/kg LCSM diet or the148.7 g/kg DRM diet has no adverse effects on laying performance and egg quality.

Observations on the ultrastructure of extrusomes in the hypotrichous ciliate Architricha indica (Protist, Ciliophora)

Xiaocui Zhang,Xinpeng Fan,Linying Yang,Yiwen Wang,Bing Ni,Saleh A. Al-Farraj,Fukang Gu 한국통합생물학회 2014 Animal cells and systems Vol.18 No.2

Extrusomes of different categories in ciliates have been suggested to have different structures and functions. To investigate the characteristics of extrusomes in the hypotrichous ciliate, we examined Architricha indicausing scanning and transmission electron microscopy and electron microscopic enzymo-cytochemistry. Theresults showed that the mature extrusomes were ellipsoidal vesicles with structureless cavities on their anteriorparts and arranged in rows beneath the pellicle; the extruded structures of extrusomes were cyathiform and canremain outside of the cell surface after extrusion. These findings differ distinctly from that of previouslyreported extrusomes in other ciliates and thus suggest a new type of extrusomes. These organelles originatedfrom endoplasmic reticulum in the deeper part of the cytoplasm, underwent a serious of development,gradually migrated to the cortical cytoplasm and finally positioned in their functional areas. In contrast withlower forms of ciliates, density, arrangement, and localization of extrusomes in A. indica showed obviousdifferences between the ventral and dorsal surface of cells. This may be in some way related to thedifferentiation of the dorsoventral cortex, and functional ciliature happened to the hypotrichous ciliates. Inaddition, the extrusomes may perform protective or defensive function, which associates with the activity ofmitochondria and contributes to the pellicle retrieval or renewal.

An efficient and Scalable Metro-Ethernet Architecture

Xiaocui Sun,Zhijun Wang 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2010 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.3 No.4

Application and optimal design of the bionic guide vane to improve the safety serve performances of the reactor coolant pump

Liu Haoran,Wang Xiaofang,Lu Yeming,Yan Yongqi,Zhao Wei,Wu Xiaocui,Zhang Zhigang 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.7

As an important device in the nuclear island, the nuclear coolant pump can continuously provide power for medium circulation. The vane is one of the stationary parts in the nuclear coolant pump, which is installed between the impeller and the casing. The shape of the vane plays a significant role in the pump's overall performance and stability which are the important indicators during the safety serve process. Hence, the bionic concept is firstly applied into the design process of the vane to improve the performance of the nuclear coolant pump. Taking the scaled high-performance hydraulic model (on a scale of 1:2.5) of the coolant pump as the reference, a united bionic design approach is proposed for the unique structure of the guide vane of the nuclear coolant pump. Then, a new optimization design platform is established to output the optimal bionic vane. Finally, the comparative results and the corresponding mechanism are analyzed. The conclusions can be gotten as: (1) four parameters are introduced to configure the shape of the bionic blade, the significance of each parameter is herein demonstrated; (2) the optimal bionic vane is successfully obtained by the optimization design platform, the efficiency performance and the head performance of which can be improved by 1.6% and 1.27% respectively; (3) when compared to the original vane, the optimized bionic vane can improve the inner flow characteristics, namely, it can reduce the flow loss and decrease the pressure pulsation amplitude; (4) through the mechanism analysis, it can be found out that the bionic structure can induce the spanwise velocity and the vortices, which can reduce drag and suppress the boundary layer separation.

Management strategy for Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) in mountain maize planting areas in China

Yao Yao,He Yanyan,Zhang Lilan,Wang Kun,Li Bin,Du Guangzu,Zhu Chunyue,Yi Xiaocui,Liu Yiyi,Zi Shengjiang,Chen Bin,Xiao Guanli 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.4

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major maize pest worldwide and has caused huge economic loss. To explore the control tactics of S. frugiperda in mountain maize planting fields, studies were performed in China from 2020 to 2021 for screening the S. frugiperda-resistant maize variety, seed coating agents, chemical insecticides, and biological agents. The results showed that 75 g/hm 2 Emamectin benzoate had better controlling efficacy (with a control efficacy of 91.05% at 1d) than other chemicals, so it was recommended in the high incidence period of pests. Compared with other seed coating treatments, 50% Lumi ngwei TM625FS (with a control efficacy of 76.19% at 10d) was the best seed coating against S. frugiperda. The biological control “Telenomus remus + Picromerus lewisi” and “T. remus + Eocanthecona furcellata” had good control efficacy on S. frugiperda with 76.01%, 64.10% at 20d, respectively. Additionally, there were lower numbers of S. frugiperda in maize variety GuiDan6, BaoYu9, and YanBaiYu8. In summary, this research rec ommended four effective pest management strategies (GuiDan6-resistant maize variety, 50% Lumingwei TM625FS-seed coating agents, 5% emamectin benzoate-chemical pesticide, and “T. remus + P. lewisi”-biological control) in mountain maize planting fields. The study provided effective control strategies for

Adjustable and extensible hexagonal acoustic metamaterial cell combining multiple parallel Helmholtz resonators with optional apertures

Fei Yang,Shaohua Bi,Xinmin Shen,Xiaocui Yang,Xinqing Wang,Xiangpo Zhang,Jinhong Xue,Xiaonan Zhang,Qin Yin,Juying Dai,Wenqiang Peng,Jingwei Zhu,Junhong Ren 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.12

To prevent noise pollution, a hexagonal acoustic metamaterial cell combining multiple parallel Helmholtz resonators with optional apertures is proposed. There were 6 trapezoidal chambers and 6 triangular chambers, and each front panel had 6 different apertures, which meant that there were 6 12 = 2176782336 possible permutations. The distribution of sound pressures obtained by acoustic finite element simulation revealed the acoustic absorption mechanism, which provided effective guidance to alter the absorption capacity. For certain scenarios, the acoustic absorption performance was optimized by the joint combination of artificial neural network and acoustic finite element simulation. Through manufacturing and testing the sample, actual average acoustic absorption coefficients were achieved at 0.6733, 0.7296, 0.8785 and 0.7065 for the target frequency ranges 350-950 Hz, 400-1000 Hz, 500-800 Hz and 350-700 Hz, respectively, with total thickness 40 mm. The tunable acoustic absorption property proved that the hexagonal acoustic metamaterial cell was appropriate for noise reduction with variable frequency ranges.