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Walmsley, Richard M.,Keenan, Patrick The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2000 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.5 No.6
The relationship between Man and yeast has been a successful and enduring one. The characteristics of yeast have made it an ideal tool in scientific research and as such, it has been used extensively. In this review some of the advantages, methods and applications of yeasts in the biosensor field are outlined. In doing so, we propose a eukaryotic alternative to the current battery of bacteria-based microbial biosensors.
Dynamic Effects of the "New Age"Free Trade agreement between Japan and Singapore
Hertel, Thomas W.,Walmsley, Terrie,Itakura, Ken 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 2001 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.16 No.4
As manufacturing tariffs have fallen worldwide, the focus of free trade agreements has shifted towards other issues, including: rules governing foreign investment, e-commerce regulations, trade in services, harmonization of technical standards, sanitary and phyto-sanitary regulations, and the streamlining of customs procedures. Japan and Singapore are undertaking negotiations over this kind of "new-age" FTA. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the FTA on production, consumption, trade, international investment flows, GDP and welfare, We use a modified version of the dynamic GTAP model, which is wellsuited to capturing the impact of this new-age FTA over both the short run and the longer run, In addition to the proposed bilateral tariff cuts, our analysis takes account of the potential gains from implementing uniform standards for ecommerce in Japan and Sigapore. The consequences of liveralizing rules governing direct trade in services are also considered. Finally, we seek to quantify the impact of automating customs procedures in Japan, making them compatible with the computer-based standards established by Singapore. This is profected to reduce the administrative costs and lag time in Japan's exports to, and imports from, all destinations, thereby permitting products to be delivered in a more timely fashion. We find that the impacts of this new-age FTA on bilateral trade and investment flows are significant-with customs automization playing the most important role in driving increases in merchandise trade. The FTA also boosts rates of return in the two economies, thereby increasing both foreign and domestic investment as well as GDP. This causes the trade balance in both Japan and Singapore to deteriorate relative to baseline over the medium run, although it improves in the long run due to higher foreign income payments. The estimated global gains from this FTA are in excess of $US 9 billion annually, with the bulk of these gains accruing to Japan-which undertakes most of the reforms. Unlike preferential tariff cuts, the "new age" components of this FTA promote imports from all sources, thereby eliminating the problem of trade diversion.
Kosy Jonathan D.,Walmsley Katie,Sharma Akash D.,Gordon Elizabeth A.,Heddon Sadie V.,Anaspure Rahul,Schranz Peter J.,Mandalia Vipul I. 대한슬관절학회 2020 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.32 No.-
Background: Graft malposition is a risk factor for failure of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. A 70° arthroscope improves visualisation of the medial wall of the lateral femoral condyle without switching portals. We investigated whether the use of this arthroscope affected the accuracy and precision of femoral tunnel placement. Methods: Fifty consecutive adult patients were recruited. Following one withdrawal and two exclusions, 47 patients (30 in group 1 (70° arthroscope), 17 in group 2 (30° arthroscope)) underwent three-dimensional computed tomography imaging using a grid-based system to measure tunnel position. Results: No difference was found in the accuracy or precision of tunnels (mean position: group 1 = 33.3 ± 6.0% deep–shallow, 27.2 ± 5.2% high–low; group 2 = 31.7 ± 6.9% deep–shallow, 29.0 ± 6.2% high–low; not significant). A post-hoc power analysis suggests a study of 106 patients would be required. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that tunnel position is not affected by the arthroscope used. An appropriately powered study could investigate this finding alongside other potential benefits of using a 70° arthroscope for this procedure.
Dynamic Effects of the "New Age" Free Trade Agreement between Japan and Singapore
( Thomas W. Hertel ),( Terrie Walmsley ),( Ken Itakura ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2001 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.16 No.4
As manufacturing tariffs have fallen worldwide, the focus of free trade agreements has shifted towards other issues, including: rules governing foreign investment, e-commerce regulations, trade in services, harmonization of technical standards, sanitary and phyto-sanitary regulations, and the streamlining of customs procedures. Japan and Singapore are undertaking negotiations over this kind of "new-age" FTA. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the FTA on production, consumption, trade, international investment flows, GDP and welfare. We use a modified version of the dynamic GTAP model, which is well-suited to capturing the impact of this new-age FTA over both the short run and the longer run. In addition to the proposed bilateral tariff cuts, our analysis takes account of the potential gains from implementing uniform standards for e-commerce in Japan and Singapore. The consequences of liberalizing rules governing direct trade in services are also considered. Finally, we seek to quantify the impact of automating customs procedures in Japan, making them compatible with the computer-based standards established by Singapore. This is projected to reduce the administrative costs and lag time in Japan`s exports to, and imports from, all destinations, thereby permitting products to be delivered in a more timely fashion. We find that the impacts of this new-age FTA on bilateral trade and investment flows are significant ? with customs automization playing the most important role in driving increases in merchandise trade. The FTA also boosts rates of return in the two economies, thereby increasing both foreign and domestic investment as well as GDP. This causes the trade balance in both Japan and Singapore to deteriorate relative to baseline over the medium run, although it improves in the long run due to higher foreign income payments. The estimated global gains from this FTA are in excess of $US 9 billion annually, with the bulk of these gains accruing to Japan - which undertakes most of the reforms. Unlike preferential tariff cuts, the "new age" components of this FTA promote imports from all sources, thereby eliminating the problem of trade diversion.
Relaxing the Restrictions on the Temporary Movement of Natural Persons: A Simulation Analysis
( L. Alan Winters ),( Terrie L. Walmsley ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2005 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.20 No.4
While the liberalisation of trade has been at the forefront of the global agenda for many decades, the movement of natural persons remains heavily guarded. Nevertheless restrictions on the movement of natural persons across regions impose a cost on developing and developed economies that far exceeds that of trade restrictions on goods. This paper uses a global CGE model to investigate the extent of these costs, by examining the effects of an increase in developed countries` quotas on both skilled and unskilled temporary labour equivalent to 3% of their labour forces. The results confirm that restrictions on the movement of natural persons impose significant costs on nearly all countries (over $150 billion in all), and that those on unskilled labour are more burdensome than those on skilled labour.
Hot AC Anodising as a Cr(VI)-free Pre-treatment for Structural Bonding of Aluminium
Lapique, Fabrice,Bjorgum, Astrid,Johnsen, Bernt,Walmsley, John The Society of Adhesion and Interface 2003 접착 및 계면 Vol.4 No.2
Hot AC anodising has been evaluated us pre-treatment for aluminium prior to structural adhesive bonding. Phosphoric and sulphuric acid hot AC anodising showed very promising adhesion promoter capabilities with durability comparable with the best standard DC anodising procedures. AC anodising does not required etching prior to anodising and offers u pre-treatment time down to 20 seconds. The interface/interphase between the aluminium substrate and the adhesive was investigated in order to get a better understanding of the involved adhesion mechanisms and to explain the long-tenn properties. The alkaline medium formed at the oxide layer/adhesive interface has been shown to induce a partial dissolution of the oxide layer leading to the formation of metallic ions which diffuse in the adhesive (EPMA measurements). The effect of diffusion of the Al ions on adhesion and joint durability is still uncertain but studies showed that pre-bond moisture affected the joints durability and to some extent the diffusion length. specially for DC anodised samples. So far no direct correlation could be established between the diffusion length d and the joints durability but new trials with better control over the elapsed time between bonding and adhesive curing are expected to help getting a better understanding of the involved mechanisms.
Approximating vibronic spectroscopy with imperfect quantum optics
Clements, William R,Renema, Jelmer J,Eckstein, Andreas,Valido, Antonio A,Lita, Adriana,Gerrits, Thomas,Nam, Sae Woo,Kolthammer, W Steven,Huh, Joonsuk,Walmsley, Ian A IOP 2018 Journal of physics B, Atomic, molecular, and optic Vol.51 No.24
<P>We study the impact of experimental imperfections on a recently proposed protocol for performing quantum simulations of vibronic spectroscopy. Specifically, we propose a method for quantifying the impact of these imperfections, optimizing an experiment to account for them, and benchmarking the results against a classical simulation method. We illustrate our findings using a proof of principle experimental simulation of part of the vibronic spectrum of tropolone. Our findings will inform the design of future experiments aiming to simulate the spectra of large molecules beyond the reach of current classical computers.</P>