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The Biometric Prison: Technological Advancements in Tracking Inmates and Staff
Walker,Jeffrey T.,Rocio Roles 아시아교정포럼 2012 교정담론 Vol.6 No.1
이 연구는 교도소에서 바이오메트릭 기술의 이용의 기본을 다룬다. 이를 위해 먼저 출입통제의 역사와 바이오메트릭 기술을 소개한다. 그리고 현재의 바이오메트릭 기술과 이것이 교도소의 작동을 어떻게 변화시키는지를 다룬다. 바이오메트릭 시스템을 현장에서 사용하는 것은 이 연구의 제 삼장에서 다룬다. 미래의 바이오메트릭 기술 및 기술의 발달과 함께 앞으로 교도소가 어떻게 변할지를 살펴보며 마무리 짓는다.
Interfacial engineering for highly efficient organic solar cells
Walker, B.,Choi, H.,Kim, J.Y. Elsevier 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.3
<P>Interfacial engineering using metal oxides, organic surface modifiers and other materials can effectively enhance the performance of conventional and inverted organic solar cells by reducing energy barriers for charge transport, while improving compatibility between organic active layer and inorganic metal oxides or transparent conducting electrodes. This short review introduces several important classes of interfacial materials which have been widely successful in improving the efficiency of organic solar cells, and covers some of the recent advances in this field. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
An Extended Theory of Scalars Inspired by Supersymmetry
Walker, M.L. 경희대학교 자연과학종합연구원 2003 자연과학논문집 Vol.9 No.2
If supersymmetry is a fundamental symmetry of nature then it can only be exact at energies greater than the electroweak scale. Nonetheless, after supersymmetry breaking the particle spectrum should remain unchanged, although the particle masses will be altered. In particular, the auxiliary fields of scalar particles must either be absorbed somehow by the symmetry breaking process or remain afterwards. Current quantum field theories with scalar fields assume them to have no off mass-shell degrees of freedom, making them unique amongst quantum fields. Supersymmetry accomodates this by including auxiliary fields, which are expressed as functions of the other fields on mass-shell, effectively removing their degrees of freedom. We argue that the auxiliary fields should still be present off mass-shell, even after supersymmetry breaking, and present an appropriate notation for this situation. We then argue by analogy with supersymmetric QED that these auxiliary components should make a contribution to quantum corrections at two loops and higher.
High-resolution metabolomics of occupational exposure to trichloroethylene
Walker, Douglas I,Uppal, Karan,Zhang, Luoping,Vermeulen, Roel,Smith, Martyn,Hu, Wei,Purdue, Mark P,Tang, Xiaojiang,Reiss, Boris,Kim, Sungkyoon,Li, Laiyu,Huang, Hanlin,Pennell, Kurt D,Jones, Dean P,Rot Oxford University Press 2016 International journal of epidemiology Vol.45 No.5
<P><B>Background:</B> Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) has been linked to adverse health outcomes including non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and kidney and liver cancer; however, TCE’s mode of action for development of these diseases in humans is not well understood.</P><P><B>Methods:</B> Non-targeted metabolomics analysis of plasma obtained from 80 TCE-exposed workers [full shift exposure range of 0.4 to 230 parts-per-million of air (ppm<SUB>a</SUB>)] and 95 matched controls were completed by ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry. Biological response to TCE exposure was determined using a metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) framework, with metabolic changes and plasma TCE metabolites evaluated by dose-response and pathway enrichment. Biological perturbations were then linked to immunological, renal and exposure molecular markers measured in the same population.</P><P><B>Results:</B> Metabolic features associated with TCE exposure included known TCE metabolites, unidentifiable chlorinated compounds and endogenous metabolites. Exposure resulted in a systemic response in endogenous metabolism, including disruption in purine catabolism and decreases in sulphur amino acid and bile acid biosynthesis pathways. Metabolite associations with TCE exposure included uric acid (<I>β</I> = 0.13, <I>P</I>-value = 3.6 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP>), glutamine (<I>β</I> = 0.08, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0013), cystine (<I>β</I> = 0.75, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0022), methylthioadenosine (<I>β</I> = −1.6, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0043), taurine (<I>β</I> = −2.4, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0011) and chenodeoxycholic acid (<I>β</I> = −1.3, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0039), which are consistent with known toxic effects of TCE, including immunosuppression, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Correlation with additional exposure markers and physiological endpoints supported known disease associations.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B> High-resolution metabolomics correlates measured occupational exposure to internal dose and metabolic response, providing insight into molecular mechanisms of exposure-related disease aetiology.</P>
Napole'on Ansieaux,Henry James's Boulogne Tutor
Walker, Pierre A. 한국 헨리제임스 학회 2001 헨리 제임스 연구 Vol.- No.6
Among the "pivotally symbolic passage[s]" (Holly 139) in James's autobiography (such as the Galérie d'Apollon [SBO 196-99] or the "obscure hurt" passages [NSB 414-17]) is the final paragraph of the first autobiographical volume, A Small Boy and Others (234-36). James describes two things in this paragraph, both of which occurred while the James family was residing in the French channel port of Boulogne: his passing out in August 1857 from the initial attack of an almost fatal case of typhus that would leave him ill for two months and his memory of the private tutor who was engaged during his convalescence in the winter of 1857-58 to give him lessons. This tutor, James recalls, was named Ansiot.
Interactions Between Starches, Sugars, and Emulsifiers in High-Ratio Cake Model Systems
WALKER,C.E.,Kim,C.S. 國立 昌原大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1993 基礎科學硏究所論文集 Vol.4 No.-
The cake flour in a high-ratio cake model system was replaced by a blend of commercial wheat starch, vital gluten, and a lipid mixture of lecithin and ethoxylated mono-diglycerides. Then the wheat starch in the control formula was replaced with corn or potato starch. Lactose or dextrose(glucose) replaced 50% of the sucrose, and additional emulsifier, sucrose ester F-160, or polysorbate 60 also was used. Potato starch produced acceptable cakes, whereas corn starch did not. A 50% dextrose replacement for sucrose improved the cake volume and grain structure with corn starch. The potato starch, lactose, and polysorbate 60 combination produced a significant increase in batter viscosity, but this was not true for corn starch batters containing lactose. The increased batter viscosity tended to aid in air incorporation. Both additional emulsifiers improved all cake volumes. The addition of polysorbate 60 to the wheat starch batter containing lactose produced the highest cake volume with the best grain structure. Dextrose tended to retain more cake crumb moisture. Partial flour replacement by commercial starches might be beneficial in high-ratio cake baking, if proper combinations of starch, sugar, water, and emulsifier are used.