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Solar Water Splitting with a Hydrogenase Integrated in Photoelectrochemical Tandem Cells
Nam, Dong Heon,Zhang, Jenny Z.,Andrei, Virgil,Kornienko, Nikolay,Heidary, Nina,Wagner, Andreas,Nakanishi, Kenichi,Sokol, Katarzyna P.,Slater, Barnaby,Zebger, Ingo,Hofmann, Stephan,Fontecilla‐,Ca John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018 Angewandte Chemie Vol.57 No.33
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Hydrogenases (H<SUB>2</SUB>ases) are benchmark electrocatalysts for H<SUB>2</SUB> production, both in biology and (photo)catalysis in vitro. We report the tailoring of a p‐type Si photocathode for optimal loading and wiring of H<SUB>2</SUB>ase through the introduction of a hierarchical inverse opal (IO) TiO<SUB>2</SUB> interlayer. This proton‐reducing Si|IO‐TiO<SUB>2</SUB>|H<SUB>2</SUB>ase photocathode is capable of driving overall water splitting in combination with a photoanode. We demonstrate unassisted (bias‐free) water splitting by wiring Si|IO‐TiO<SUB>2</SUB>|H<SUB>2</SUB>ase to a modified BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> photoanode in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell during several hours of irradiation. Connecting the Si|IO‐TiO<SUB>2</SUB>|H<SUB>2</SUB>ase to a photosystem II (PSII) photoanode provides proof of concept for an engineered Z‐scheme that replaces the non‐complementary, natural light absorber photosystem I with a complementary abiotic silicon photocathode.</P>
Wise, T,Radua, J,Via, E,Cardoner, N,Abe, O,Adams, T M,Amico, F,Cheng, Y,Cole, J H,de Azevedo Marques Pé,rico, C,Dickstein, D P,Farrow, T F D,Frodl, T,Wagner, G,Gotlib, I H,Gruber, O,Ham, B J,Job Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nat 2017 Molecular psychiatry Vol.22 No.10
<P>Finding robust brain substrates of mood disorders is an important target for research. The degree to which major depression (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with common and/or distinct patterns of volumetric changes is nevertheless unclear. Furthermore, the extant literature is heterogeneous with respect to the nature of these changes. We report a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies in MDD and BD. We identified studies published up to January 2015 that compared grey matter in MDD (50 data sets including 4101 individuals) and BD (36 data sets including 2407 individuals) using whole-brain VBM. We used statistical maps from the studies included where available and reported peak coordinates otherwise. Group comparisons and conjunction analyses identified regions in which the disorders showed common and distinct patterns of volumetric alteration. Both disorders were associated with lower grey-matter volume relative to healthy individuals in a number of areas. Conjunction analysis showed smaller volumes in both disorders in clusters in the dorsomedial and ventromedial prefrontal cortex, including the anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral insula. Group comparisons indicated that findings of smaller grey-matter volumes relative to controls in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left hippocampus, along with cerebellar, temporal and parietal regions were more substantial in major depression. These results suggest that MDD and BD are characterised by both common and distinct patterns of grey-matter volume changes. This combination of differences and similarities has the potential to inform the development of diagnostic biomarkers for these conditions.</P>
Zarzana, Kyle J.,Min, Kyung-Eun,Washenfelder, Rebecca A.,Kaiser, Jennifer,Krawiec-Thayer, Mitchell,Peischl, Jeff,Neuman, J. Andrew,Nowak, John B.,Wagner, Nicholas L.,Dubè,, William P.,St. Clair, American Chemical Society 2017 Environmental science & technology Vol.51 No.20
<P>We report enhancements of glyoxal and methylglyoxal relative to carbon monoxide and formaldehyde in agricultural biomass burning plumes intercepted by the NOAA WP-3D aircraft during the 2013 Southeast Nexus and 2015 Shale Oil and Natural Gas Nexus campaigns. Glyoxal and methylglyoxal were measured using broadband cavity enhanced spectroscopy, which for glyoxal provides a highly selective and sensitive measurement. While enhancement ratios of other species such as methane and formaldehyde were consistent with previous measurements, glyoxal enhancements relative to carbon monoxide averaged 0.0016 +/- 0.0009, a factor of 4 lower than values used in global models. Glyoxal enhancements relative to formaldehyde were 30 times lower than previously reported, averaging 0.038 +/- 0.02. Several glyoxal loss processes such as photolysis, reactions with hydroxyl radicals, and aerosol uptake were found to be insufficient to explain the lower measured values of glyoxal relative to other biomass burning trace gases, indicating that glyoxal emissions from agricultural biomass burning may be significantly overestimated. Methylglyoxal enhancements were three to six times higher than reported in other recent studies, but spectral interferences from other substituted dicarbyonyls introduce an estimated correction factor of 2 and at least a 25% uncertainty, such that accurate measurements of the enhancements are difficult.</P>
First 230 GHz VLBI fringes on 3C 279 using the APEX Telescope
Wagner, J.,Roy, A. L.,Krichbaum, T. P.,Alef, W.,Bansod, A.,Bertarini, A.,Gü,sten, R.,Graham, D.,Hodgson, J.,Mä,rtens, R.,Menten, K.,Muders, D.,Rottmann, H.,Tuccari, G.,Weiss, A.,Wieching, G.,W EDP Sciences 2015 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.581 No.-
AUTOMOTIVE STEERING SYSTEM PREFERENCES EVALUATED USING A DRIVING SIMULATOR
J. RODRIGUEZ,P. T. FREEMAN,J. WAGNER,W. BRIDGES,P. PIDGEON,K. ALEXANDER 한국자동차공학회 2016 International journal of automotive technology Vol.17 No.1
The automotive steering system is the primary channel through which road and vehicle behavior feedback is transmitted to the driver. While the driver provides directional platform control through the steering wheel, perceptions of the vehicle’s handling responsiveness are simultaneously transmitted back to the driver allowing for correction of any instabilities the vehicle may encounter. Based on these factors, drivers often pay special attention to the steering system when deciding what vehicle to purchase. Therefore, a significant amount of effort and time is invested in attempting to determine the optimal design of steering system components and configurations. In this study, the determination of an optimal steering configuration was attempted based on responses obtained from questionnaires that subjects answered. The questions were designed to evaluate the degree of satisfaction regarding the “control”, “ease of operation”, and “fun” participants experienced after each driving run. During the study, human subjects drove a driving simulator for 15 combinations of 3 different roadway environments and 5 different steering configurations, filling out a questionnaire after each scenario. The subjects were also classified as a type of driver (“utility”, “enthusiast”, and/or “performance”). The study attempted to determine if the mean values of questionnaire responses for “control”, “ease”, and “fun” type of questions changed as the scenario and/or driver type changed. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine if the mean values of the three types of questions were statistically different. The overall results suggest that the average responses for vehicle “control”, “ease”, and the “fun” type of questions were dependent on the type of roadway environment; however, only the responses for “fun” type of questions were influenced by the given steering configurations. Indeed, the steering system can impact the driver’s perceptions of the vehicle’s operational experience.
Identification of new SLE-associated genes with a two-step Bayesian study design
Armstrong, D L,Reiff, A,Myones, B L,Quismorio Jr, F P,Klein-Gitelman, M,McCurdy, D,Wagner-Weiner, L,Silverman, E,Ojwang, J O,Kaufman, K M,Kelly, J A,Merrill, J T,Harley, J B,Bae, S-C,Vyse, T J,Gilkeso Macmillan Publishers Limited 2009 GENES AND IMMUNITY Vol.10 No.5
In our earlier study, we utilized a Bayesian design to probe the association of ∼1000 genes (∼10 000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on a moderate number of trios of parents and children with SLE. Two genes associated with SLE, with a multitest-corrected false discovery rate (FDR) of <0.05, were identified, and a number of noteworthy genes with FDR of <0.8 were also found, pointing out a future direction for the study. In this report, using a large population of controls and adult- or childhood-onset SLE cases, we have extended the earlier investigation to explore the SLE association of 10 of these noteworthy genes (109 SNPs). We have found that seven of these genes exhibit a significant (FDR<0.05) association with SLE, both confirming some genes that have earlier been found to be associated with SLE (PTPN22 and IRF5) and presenting novel findings of genes (KLRG1, interleukin-16, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type T, toll-like receptor (TLR)8 and CASP10), which have not been reported earlier. The results signify that the two-step candidate pathway design is an efficient way to study the genetic foundations of complex diseases. Furthermore, the novel genes identified in this study point to new directions in both the diagnosis and the eventual treatment of this debilitating disease.Genes and Immunity (2009) 10, 446–456; doi:10.1038/gene.2009.38; published online 14 May 2009
The nELBE Neutron Time of Flight Facility
A. R. Junghans,E. Altstadt,R. Beyer,E. Birgersson,T. Cowan,A. Ferrari,R. Hannaske,A. Matic,K. D. Schilling,R. Schlenk,S. Schneider,R. Schwengner,A. Wagner,F. -P. Weiss,D. Gehre,E. Grosse 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
At the superconducting electron linear accelerator ELBE at Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf the neutron time-of-flight facility nELBE has become operational. Fast neutrons in the energy range from 200 keV to 10 MeV are produced by the pulsed electron beam from ELBE impinging on a liquid lead circuit as a radiator. The short beam pulses of 10 ps provide the basis for an excellent time resolution for neutron time-of-flight experiments, giving an energy resolution of about <1% at 1 MeV with a short flight path of 5 m. The neutron intensity on target is ∼4·10^4 n/(cm^2 s) using an electron bunch charge of 77 pC and 100 kHz pulse repetition rate. The energy range of the neutrons produced is well suited for neutron cross section measurements relevant for the development of Generation IV reactor systems and for the transmutation of nuclear waste. First measurements of inelastic neutron scattering cross sections have been performed and will be presented.