An Energy Efficient Clustering Algorithm in Mobile Adhoc Network Using Ticket Id Based Clustering Manager

Venkatasubramanian, S.,Suhasini, A.,Vennila, C. International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.7

Many emerging mobile ad-hoc network application communications are group-oriented. Multicast supports group-oriented applications efficiently, particularly in a mobile environment that has a limited bandwidth and limited power. Energy effectiveness along with safety are 2 key problem in MANET design. Within this paper, MANET is presented with a stable, energy-efficient clustering technique. In this proposed work advanced clustering in the networks with ticket ID cluster manager (TID-CMGR) has formed in MANET. The proposed routing scheme makes secure networking the shortest route possible. In this article, we propose a Cluster manager approach based on TICKET-ID to address energy consumption issues and reduce CH workload. TID-CMGR includes two mechanism including ticket ID controller, ticketing pool, route planning and other components. The CA (cluster agent) shall control and supervise the functions of nodes and inform to TID-CMGR. The CH conducts and transfers packets to the network nodes. As the CH energy level is depleted, CA elects the corresponding node with elevated energy values, and all new and old operations are simultaneously stored by CA at this time. A simulation trial for 20 to 100 nodes was performed to show the proposed scheme performance. The suggested approach is used to do experimental work using the NS- simulator. TIDCMGR is compared with TID BRM and PSO to calculate the utility of the work proposed. The assessment shows that the proposed TICKET-ID scheme achieves 90 percent more than other current systems.

Semantic Multi-granular Lock Model in Object Oriented Database Systems

Venkatasubramanian Geetha,Niladuri Sreenath 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.6 No.1

Neuroimmunological Aberrations and Cerebral Asymmetry Abnormalities in Schizophrenia: Select Perspectives on Pathogenesis

Ganesan Venkatasubramanian,Monojit Debnath 대한정신약물학회 2014 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.12 No.1

Within the wide-ranging gamut of factors that comprise gene-environment interactions postulated to underlie schizophrenia,the crosstalk between environmental factors and feto-maternal immune components has been put forth as one of the importantmechanisms that increase the risk towards schizophrenia in the offspring. Interestingly, immune factors have been shown tocritically modulate the brain development during the prenatal stages. Moreover the past many decades, influential theoreticalpropositions and evidence base (albeit not unequivocally) have compellingly linked prenatal sex hormonal status to criticallyprovoke long lasting immunological changes and subsequently affect developmental programming of cerebral asymmetry inschizophrenia. In this review, we summarize the select perspectives emphasizing the role of neuroimmunoendocrine pathwaysin anomalous cerebral asymmetry in contemporary understanding of schizophrenia pathogenesis.

Understanding Schizophrenia as a Disorder of Consciousness: Biological Correlates and Translational Implications from Quantum Theory Perspectives

Ganesan Venkatasubramanian 대한정신약물학회 2015 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.13 No.1

From neurophenomenological perspectives, schizophrenia has been conceptualized as “a disorder with heterogeneous manifestations that can be integrally understood to involve fundamental perturbations in consciousness”. While these theoretical constructs based on consciousness facilitate understanding the ‘gestalt’ of schizophrenia, systematic research to unravel translational implications of these models is warranted. To address this, one needs to begin with exploration of plausible biological underpinnings of “perturbed consciousness” in schizophrenia. In this context, an attractive proposition to understand the biology of consciousness is “the orchestrated object reduction (Orch-OR) theory” which invokes quantum processes in the microtubules of neurons. The Orch-OR model is particularly important for understanding schizophrenia especially due to the shared ‘scaffold’ of microtubules. The initial sections of this review focus on the compelling evidence to support the view that “schizophrenia is a disorder of consciousness” through critical summary of the studies that have demonstrated self-abnormalities, aberrant time perception as well as dysfunctional intentional binding in this disorder. Subsequently, these findings are linked with ‘Orch-OR theory’ through the research evidence for aberrant neural oscillations as well as microtubule abnormalities observed in schizophrenia. Further sections emphasize the applicability and translational implications of Orch-OR theory in the context of schizophrenia and elucidate the relevance of quantum biology to understand the origins of this puzzling disorder as “fundamental disturbances in consciousness”.

A Longitudinal Study of Relation between Side-effects and Clinical Improvement in Schizophrenia: Is There a Neuro-metabolic Threshold for Second Generation Antipsychotics?

Ganesan Venkatasubramanian,Naren P. Rao,Rashmi Arasappa,Sunil V. Kalmady,Bangalore N. Gangadhar 대한정신약물학회 2013 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.11 No.1

Objective: Classical studies demonstrated Neuroleptic Induced Extrapyramidal Side-effects (NIES; Neuroleptic threshold) to correlate with the efficacy of first generation antipsychotics. Second generation antipsychotics (SGAs), in addition to the extrapyramidal side effects, are also associated with metabolic side effects. This prospective study on antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients, for the first-time, examined concurrently the relationship between clinical improvement and these side-effects NIES and Neuroleptic Induced Metabolic Side-effects. Methods: Thirty six-antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia (DSM-IV) patients were examined at baseline and after 5 weeks of treatment with antipsychotics. At baseline and follow-up, we recorded the body mass index (BMI) and assessed psychopathology using Scale for Assessment of Positive-symptoms (SAPS) and Scale for Assessment of Negative-symptoms (SANS), extrapyramidal symptoms using Simpson-Angus Extra Pyramidal Scale (SAEPS) and improvement using Clinical Global Impression Improvement (CGI). Results: After treatment, patients showed significant reduction in SAPS (baseline, 27.97±14.47; follow-up, 14.63±13.25; p<0.001)and SANS total scores (baseline, 63.77±28.96; follow-up, 49.30±28.77; p=0.001) and a significant increase in BMI (baseline,18.5±3.37; follow-up, 19.13±3.17; p<0.001). At follow-up CGI-Improvement score was (2.55±0.65) and SAEPS score was (0.8±1.32). CGI-Improvement score had a significant negative correlation with magnitude of increase in BMI (rs=-0.39; p=0.01)and SAEPS symptom score at follow-up (rs=-0.58; p<0.001). In addition, magnitude of increase in BMI showed positive correlation with the magnitude of reduction in SAPS total score (rs=0.33; p=0.04). Conclusion: The study findings suggest a possible relation between clinical improvement and antipsychotic-induced neuroleptic as well as metabolic side-effects in schizophrenia. Though the mechanism of this relation is yet to be elucidated, insulin signaling pathways and lipid homeostasis are potential mechanisms in addition to the established neurotransmitter hypothesis. Theoretically findings support the novel hypothetical construct of ‘Neuro-Metabolic threshold’ in the treatment of schizophrenia.

A Primer on Interoception and its Importance in Psychiatry

Swarna Buddha Nayok(Swarna Buddha Nayok ),Vanteemar S. Sreeraj(Vanteemar S. Sreeraj ),Venkataram Shivakumar(Venkataram Shivakumar ),Ganesan Venkatasubramanian(Ganesan Venkatasubramanian ) 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.2

Interoception is the perception of signals from inside the body. It plays a significant role in the nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and endocrine systems. It is also closely related to the autonomic nervous system and inflammatory pathways and plays a significant role in our optimal functioning. Recently, interoception has gained more attention in neuropsychiatric research. Anatomical and physiological aspects of interoception like relevant brain areas, the role of the vagus nerve, and the autonomic nervous system are gradually being understood. Different facets of interoception like interoceptive attention, detection, magnitude, discrimination, accuracy, awareness, and appraisal have been proposed and their assessments and importance are being evaluated. Further, interoception is often dysregulated or abnormal in psychiatric disorders. It has been implicated in the psychopathology, etiopathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of mood, anxiety, psychotic, personality and addiction-related disorders. This narrative review attempts to provide a nuanced understanding of the pathway(s), components, functions, assessments, and problems of interoception and will help us to detect its disturbances and evaluate its impact on psychiatric disorders, leading to a better perspective and management. This will also advance interoception-related research.

Structural studies on naphthalene based rigid-rod benzobisthiazole polymers

박수영,N. Venkatasubramanian,Thuy D. Dang,Fred E. Amold,B. L. Farmer 한국고분자학회 2002 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2002 No.10

Inhibition of PI3K/mTOR/KATP channel blunts sodium thiosulphate preconditioning mediated cardioprotection against ischemia–reperfusion injury

Sri Rahavi Boovarahan,Harini Venkatasubramanian,Nidhi Sharma,Sushma Venkatesh,Priyanka Prem,Gino A. Kurian 대한약학회 2021 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.44 No.6

Recent studies have shown that pre and postconditioningthe heart with sodium thiosulfate (STS) attenuateischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. However, the underlyingmechanism involved in the cardioprotective signaling pathwayis not fully explored. This study examined the existinglink of STS mediated protection (as pre and post-conditioningagents) with PI3K, mTOR, and mPTP signaling pathwaysusing its respective inhibitors. STS was administeredto the isolated perfused rat heart through Kreb’s Heinselitbuff er before ischemia (precondition: SIPC) and reperfusion(postcondition: SPOC) in the presence and absence ofthe PI3K, mTOR, and mPTP signaling pathway inhibitors(wortmannin, rapamycin, and glibenclamide respectively). SIPC failed to improve the IR injury-induced altered cardiachemodynamics, increased infarct size, and the releaseof cardiac injury markers in the presence of these inhibitors. On the other hand, the SPOC protocol eff ectively renderedthe cardioprotection even in the PI3K/mTOR/K ATP inhibitorspresence. Interestingly, the SIPC’s identifi ed mode ofaction viz reduction in oxidative stress and the preservationof mitochondrial function were lost in the inhibitors’presence. Based on the above results, we conclude that theunderlying mechanism of SIPC mediated cardioprotectionworks via the PI3K/mTOR/K ATP signaling pathway axisactivation.

Efficient and Reliable Application Layer Multicast for Flash Dissemination

Kyungbaek Kim,Mehrotra, Sharad,Venkatasubramanian, Nalini IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on parallel and distributed syst Vol.25 No.10

<P>To disseminate messages from a single source to a large number of targeted receivers, a natural approach is the tree-based application layer multicast (ALM). In time-constrained flash dissemination scenarios, e.g. earthquake early warning, where time is of the essence, the reliable extensions of the tree-based ALM using ack-based failure recovery protocols cannot support reliable dissemination in the timeframe needed. In this paper, we propose FaReCast which exploits path diversity, i.e., exploit the use of multiple data paths, to achieve fast and reliable data dissemination. First, we design a forest-based M2M (Multiple parents-To-Multiple children) ALM structure where every node has multiple children and multiple parents. The intuition is to enable lower dissemination latency through multiple children, while enabling higher reliability through multiple parents. In order to maintain the M2M ALM structure in a scalable and reliable manner, we develop a DHT-based Distributed Configuration Manager. Second, we design multidirectional multicasting algorithms that effectively utilize the multiple data paths in the M2M ALM structure. A key aspect of our reliable dissemination mechanism is that nodes, in addition to communicating the data to children, also selectively disseminate the data to parents and siblings. As compared to trees using traditional multicasting algorithm, we observe an 80 percent improvement in reliability under 20 percent of failed nodes with no significant increase in latency for over 99 percent of the nodes. Moreover, we notice that FaReCast can reduce the network overhead more than 50 percent by tuning the M2M structure, as compared to the other reliable ALM based disseminations.</P>

Needs of Siblings of Persons with Psychosis: A Systematic Descriptive Review

Anekal C. Amaresha,Ganesan Venkatasubramanian,D. Muralidhar 대한정신약물학회 2014 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.12 No.2

Research on caregivers of psychosis has predominantly focused on parents and spouses. Issues related to siblings of personswith psychosis (SOPP) are yet to be evaluated comprehensively. Like parents and spouses, SOPP also share the caregiverburden and have their own issues and needs. This systematic descriptive review aims to identify the types of needs of SOPPin the published literature and gives implications for further practice and research. The primary data search was carried outwith predefined protocol in PubMed database and an additional hand search was done in EBSCOhost, ProQuest, Scopus, andPsychINFO. All the searches yielded a total of 862 titles. After screening for necessary inclusion criteria, seven studies wereincluded in the final review. The results are discussed under six major themes that emerged from this review. Six out of sevenstudies highlighted the need for information on siblings’ illness and participation in caregiver support group. Other importantneeds were illness management or rehabilitation needs; help in managing their own psychosocial issues; treatment related informationalneeds; and inclusion in treatment process. The socio-demographic details of these studies showed that majorityof the participants were female siblings of Caucasian or white British ethnicity and from developed countries. SOPP predominantlyhave specific needs such as informational and support group needs, which are different in the priority of other primary caregiverneeds. Paucity of literature from developing countries and the limitations of the existing studies warrant further systematicresearch.