Different approaches of alternative medicines in $acne$ $vulgaris$ treatment

Ghosh, V.K.,Nagore, D.H.,Kadbhane, K.P.,Patil, M.J. 경희한의학연구센터 2011 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.11 No.1

Acne vulgaris is common dermatological disorder primarily acts on children and adolescents. This affects approximately 80% of the population between the ages of 12-25 years. The clinically used anti-acne drugs suffer from the disadvantage of side effects and high cost of treatment. Alternative to these drugs are traditional medicines and natural products, which offer a great hope in the identification of bioactive lead compounds and their development into drugs for the treatment of skin disorder like acne vulgaris. The use of traditional medicines and phytopharmaceuticals for treating various skin ailments dates back several centuries. The aim of the present review is to compile relevant data on the mechanisms of action of various natural compounds from ethnomedicinal plants and their role in the resolution of acne vulgaris. An attempt is also being made to enumerate the possible leads from Indian traditional medicinal system for the treatment of acne. We tried to provide the readers with the array of outcome variables, which can be further worked upon in clinical studies. Finally, this paper puts forth issues that need to be addressed by researchers in the future.

Different approaches of alternative medicines in acne vulgaris treatment

V. K. Ghosh,D. H. Nagore,K. P. Kadbhane,M. J. Patil 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2011 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.11 No.1

Acne vulgaris is common dermatological disorder primarily acts on children and adolescents. This affects approximately 80% of the population between the ages of 12–25 years. The clinically used anti-acne drugs suffer from the disadvantage of side effects and high cost of treatment. Alternative to these drugs are traditional medicines and natural products, which offer a great hope in the identification of bioactive lead compounds and their development into drugs for the treatment of skin disorder like acne vulgaris. The use of traditional medicines and phytopharmaceuticals for treating various skin ailments dates back several centuries. The aim of the present review is to compile relevant data on the mechanisms of action of various natural compounds from ethnomedicinal plants and their role in the resolution of acne vulgaris. An attempt is also being made to enumerate the possible leads from Indian traditional medicinal system for the treatment of acne. We tried to provide the readers with the array of outcome variables, which can be further worked upon in clinical studies. Finally, this paper puts forth issues that need to be addressed by researchers in the future.

Optimization of Polygalacturonase Production from a Newly Isolated <i>Thalassospira frigidphilosprofundus</i> to Use in Pectin Hydrolysis: Statistical Approach

Rekha, V. P. B.,Ghosh, Mrinmoy,Adapa, Vijayanand,Oh, Sung-Jong,Pulicherla, K. K.,Sambasiva Rao, K. R. S. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 BioMed research international Vol.2013 No.-

<P>The present study deals with the production of cold active polygalacturonase (PGase) by submerged fermentation using <I>Thalassospira frigidphilosprofundus</I>, a novel species isolated from deep waters of Bay of Bengal. Nonlinear models were applied to optimize the medium components for enhanced production of PGase. Taguchi orthogonal array design was adopted to evaluate the factors influencing the yield of PGase, followed by the central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) to identify the optimum concentrations of the key factors responsible for PGase production. Data obtained from the above mentioned statistical experimental design was used for final optimization study by linking the artificial neural network and genetic algorithm (ANN-GA). Using ANN-GA hybrid model, the maximum PGase activity (32.54 U/mL) was achieved at the optimized concentrations of medium components. In a comparison between the optimal output of RSM and ANN-GA hybrid, the latter favored the production of PGase. In addition, the study also focused on the determination of factors responsible for pectin hydrolysis by crude pectinase extracted from <I>T. frigidphilosprofundus</I> through the central composite design. Results indicated 80% degradation of pectin in banana fiber at 20°C in 120 min, suggesting the scope of cold active PGase usage in the treatment of raw banana fibers.</P>

Identification and distribution of aphid vectors spreading Citrus tristeza virus in Darjeeling hills and Dooars of India

Amalendu Ghosh,Amrita Das,Ruben Lepcha,Kaushik Majumdar,V.K. Baranwal 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.3

Darjeeling hills and Dooars of West Bengal (India) are well known for production of mandarin orange and lime. Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is wide spread in this region. Role of insect vectors in spreading CTV in this region has not been studied so far. Therefore, a study on identification of insect vectors along with their temporal and spatial distributionwas undertaken. Five aphid species were identified fromcitrus orchards of Darjeeling and Dooars viz. Toxoptera citricida, T. aurantii, Aphis gossypii, Myzus persicae and Brachycaudus helichrysi. T. citricida was found predominant in the orchards of lower altitude and was responsible for maximum spread of CTV. T. aurantii was dominant in the citrus orchards at high altitude (N500 m). Incidence of CTV was higher in the orchards where T. citricida was present either alone or with other species. Under caged conditions, T. citricida was more efficient to transmit CTV than the other aphid species. Occurrences of all aphid species were highly influenced by the advent of new flushes.

Studies on sodium and potassium metabolism and subsequent influence on electrocardiogram in unilaterally adrenalectomized black Bengal goat

P.K.Das,G.D.V. Pandiyan,P.R.Ghosh,B.C.Das,S. Sanyal 대한수의학회 2005 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.6 No.4

Unilateral adrenalectomy was performed in six black Bengal goat (Capra hircus) to study electrocardiograph in connection with mineral metabolism with special reference to sodium and potassium and some other factors of physiological importance. The parameters were studied at every 12 hrs interval upto 120 hrs and 24 hrs interval from 120 to 240 hrs. Physiological parameters, like body weight and rectal temperature, changed non-significantly (p < 0.05) after adrenalectomy. Among minerals, plasma sodium (p < 0.01) and plasma potassium (p < 0.05) concentration were changed significantly between hours leaving impression in ECG as widening of QRS complex and peaked T wave with increased amplitude found after unilateral adrenalectomy. Heart rate also increased significantly (p < 0.01) between hours.

Corrosion and Nanomechanical Behaviors of 16.3Cr-0.22N-0.43C-1.73Mo Martensitic Stainless Steel

( Rahul Ghosh ),( S. Chenna Krishna ),( A. Venugopal ),( P. Ramesh Narayanan ),( Abhay K. Jha ),( P. Ramkumar ),( P. V. Venkitakrishnan ) 한국부식방식학회 2016 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.15 No.6

The effect of nitrogen on the electrochemical corrosion and nanomechanical behaviors of martensitic stainless steel was examined using potentiodynamic polarization and nanoindentation test methods. The results indicate that partial replacement of carbon with nitrogen effectively improved the passivation and pitting corrosion resistance of conventional high-carbon and high- chromium martensitic steels. Post-test observation of the samples after a potentiodynamic test revealed a severe pitting attacks in conventional martensitic steel compared with nitrogen- containing martensitic stainless steel. This was shown to be due to (i) microstructural refinement results in retaining a high-chromium content in the matrix, and (ii) the presence of reversed austenite formed during the tempering process. Since nitrogen addition also resulted in the formation of a Cr₂N phase as a process of secondary hardening, the hardness of the nitrogen- containing steel is slightly higher than the conventional martensitic stainless steel under tempered conditions, even though the carbon content is lowered. The added nitrogen also improved the wear resistance of the steel as the critical load (Lc2) is less, along with a lower scratch friction coefficient (SFC) when compared to conventional martensitic stainless steel such as AISI 440C.

Vitellogenin Induction and Histo-metabolic Changes Following Exposure of Cyprinus carpio to Methyl Paraben

Barse, A.V.,Chakrabarti, T.,Ghosh, T.K.,Pal, A.K.,Kumar, Neeraj,Raman, R.P.,Jadhao, S.B. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.12

Methyl paraben (MP), which is used as a preservative in pharmaceutical and cosmetic (shampoo) products, foods and beverages, enters into the aquatic environment and can pose a potential fish health hazard. In this experiment, effects of MP were evaluated in adult male common carp (Cyprinus carpio) by exposing them to fractions (1/$143^{rd}$ to 1/29th) of the $LC_{50}$ dose with every change of water for 28 days. Vitellogenin induction, metabolic enzymes, somatic indices and bioaccumulation were studied at weekly intervals. The $96^{th}$ h $LC_{50}$ of MP in fingerlings was 120 mg/L. Compared to the control, except for increases (p<0.01) in alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2) and liver size, there were decreases (p<0.01) in activity of acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2), aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1), and testiculosomatic index following exposure to any dose of MP. Vitellogenin induction was significantly higher (p<0.01) in exposed than unexposed (control) fish. The bioaccumulation of MP in testis, liver, brain, gills and muscle tissues of fish increased significantly (p<0.01) with increase of dose from 0.84 ppm to 1.68 ppm. Dose and duration of exposure (p<0.01) indicated that an exposure period of 1 to 2 weeks was sufficient to cause changes in the quantifiable parameters studied. Fish exposed to 4.2 ppm MP became lethargic after the $26^{th}$ d. Histologically, degeneration, vacuolization and focal necrotic changes in liver and fibrosis-like changes in testicular tissue were noted.

The Horizontal Branch Population of NGC 1851 as Revealed by the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT)

Subramaniam, Annapurni,Sahu, Snehalata,Postma, Joseph E.,Cô,té,, Patrick,Hutchings, J. B.,Darukhanawalla, N.,Chung, Chul,Tandon, S. N.,Rao, N. Kameswara,George, K.,Ghosh, S. K.,Girish, V.,M American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astronomical journal Vol.154 No.6

<P>We present the UV photometry of the globular cluster NGC 1851 using images acquired with the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) onboard the ASTROSAT satellite. Point-spread function fitting photometric data derived from images in two far-UV (FUV) filters and one near-UV (NUV) filter are used to construct color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs), in combination with HST and ground-based optical photometry. In the FUV, we detect only the bluest part of the cluster horizontal branch (HB); in the NUV, we detect the full extent of the HB, including the red HB, blue HB, and a small number of RR Lyrae stars. UV variability was detected in 18 RR Lyrae stars, and three new variables were also detected in the central region. The UV/optical CMDs are then compared with isochrones of different age and metallicity (generated using Padova and BaSTI models) and synthetic HB (using helium-enhanced Y2 models). We are able to identify two populations among the HB stars, which are found to have either an age range of 10-12. Gyr, or a range in Y-ini of 0.23-0.28, for a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -1.2 to -1.3. These estimations from the UV CMDs are consistent with those from optical studies. The almost-complete sample of the HB stars tends to show a marginal difference in spatial/azimuthal distribution among the blue and red HB stars. Thus, this study showcases the capability of UVIT, with its excellent resolution and large field of view, to study the hot stellar population in Galactic globular clusters.</P>