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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adherence to Denosumab Therapy: A Single Center Study
Kobayashi Kazuyoshi,Sato Koji,Ando Toshihiro,Ando Kei,Imura Saori 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.5
Study Design: A retrospective comparative study of denosumab therapy adherence before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on denosumab therapy adherence in Japan.Overview of Literature: Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody for osteoporosis treatment. Delayed denosumab injections are associated with reduced treatment responses, which was a concern during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Participants included 376 patients who received denosumab (60 mg every 6 months) from January 2013 to June 2021. The time from therapy initiation to discontinuation was used to measure persistence, and that between initial and subsequent injections was used to determine adherence. The pandemic period was from March 2020 to December 2021.Results: Patients were divided into those treated after March 2020 (pandemic group, n=244) and those who discontinued treatment before March 2020 (non-pandemic group, n=132). Non-persistent cases accounted for 154, including 24 (20%), 64 (19%), and 66 (53%) aged ≤59 years, 60–79 years, and ≥80 years, respectively. The overall persistence rate at 78 months was 59.2%. Postponed cases were significantly lower in the non-pandemic group than in the pandemic group (8% vs. 15%, <i>p</i> =0.042). Postponement with a delay of 1–2 months did not significantly differ between the two groups, but with a significant difference for a delay of ≥3 months (0% vs. 36%, <i>p</i> =0.024).Conclusions: Denosumab adherence remained constant but postponed cases significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Better communication by health providers on denosumab adherence and alternative administration may reduce dosing interruptions in similar pandemic situations.
Toshihiro Suzuki,Ashiq Khan,Motonari Kobayashi,Wataru Takita 보안공학연구지원센터 2008 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.1 No.2
The limited battery resource of mobile devices is an endless problem. The conventional solution, improving battery technologies, is insufficient; we need alternative energy sources to enhance mobile lifetimes. One solution is to utilize cars as intermediate nodes in mobile ad hoc networks. However, the high velocities of cars may seriously degrade network quality. To overcome this, we need an efficient routing protocol that can establish stable routes even if moving cars are used as network components. This paper conducts simulations to evaluate the impact of high speed cars and proposes a novel technology that allows routing to consider vehicle velocity. Extensive simulation results are presented to show the efficiency that can be achieved by our proposal.
Satoru Kobayashi,Hiroyuki Kimura,Isao Kagomiya,Kay Kohn,Toshihiro Osawa,Yukio Noda 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.1
A ferroelectric phase transition of RMn2O5 (R = rare earth,Bi,Y) has been systematically reinvestigated by dielectric measurements. In addition to a sharp peak of the dielectric constant along the b axis at the temperature of ferroelectric phase transition, TC1, we observed a small kink at TS slightly below TC1 for R = Er, Y, Tb, Tm. Correspondingly, two-step successive magnetic phase transitions were found for R = Er, Y, Tm in a narrow temperature range of 1 K around TC1 by neutron diraction measurements. The comparison between temperatures of dielectric anomalies and magnetic phase transitions indicates that the paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition at TC1 is induced by a commensurate magnetic ordering along the c axis in RMn2O5.
Sakurai, Takeo,Kobayashi, Jun,Kinoshita, Kyoko,Ito, Nozomi,Serizawa, Shigeko,Shiraishi, Hiroaki,Lee, Jeong-Hoon,Horiguchi, Toshihiro,Maki, Hideaki,Mizukawa, Kaoruko,Imaizumi, Yoshitaka,Kawai, Toru,Suz Wiley Periodicals 2013 Environmental toxicology and chemistry Vol.32 No.9
<P>The authors investigated the kinetics of transfer of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) from water, suspended sediment, and bottom sediment to a marine benthic fish, the marbled flounder (<I>Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae</I>). Fish were exposed in 3 treatments to PFOS in combinations of these exposure media for 28 d and then depurated for 84 d. A major part (37–66%) of PFOS in the fish was in the carcass (i.e., whole body minus muscle and internal organs). Three first-order-kinetic models that differed in exposure media, that is, 1) sum of dissolved and particulate phases and sediment; 2) dissolved phase, particulate phase, and sediment; and 3) dissolved phase only, were fitted to the data assuming common rate constants among the treatments. The uptake efficiency of dissolved PFOS at the respiratory surfaces was estimated to be 3.2% that of oxygen, and the half-life of PFOS in the whole body to be 29 d to 31 d. The better fit of models 1 and 2 and the values of the estimated uptake rate constants suggested that the PFOS in suspended and bottom sediments, in addition to that dissolved in water, contributed to the observed body burden of the fish. Based on an evaluation of several possible contributing factors to the uptake of PFOS from suspended and bottom sediments, the authors propose that further investigation is necessary regarding the mechanisms responsible for the uptake. <I>Environ Toxicol Chem</I> 2013;32:2009–2017. © 2013 The Authors. <I>Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry</I> Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc., on behalf of SETAC. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.</P>