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Optical anisotropy and surface morphology of InGaAs lattice-mismatched with GaAs(0 0 1)
Toshiharu Morimura,Takahiro Mori,Meoung-Whan Cho,Takashi Hanada,Takafumi Yao 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.6
We investigated surface morphology and optical anisotropy of strained InGaAs lms grown on GaAs(001) substrate usingatomic force microscopy (AFM) and reectance dierence/reectance anisotropy spectroscopy (RDS/RAS). High temperature(HT)-grown samples were found to have a rippled surface structure, however for lms grown using a low temperature (LT) growthtechnique, the surface morphology was signicantly improved, without the ripple structure seen on the HT samples. Furthermore,ex situ RD spectra of LT-grown samples showed notable peaks near the critical energies of band structure originated from bulkelectronic transitions.
Optical anisotropy of GaNAs grown on GaAs(0 0 1)substrate
Takahiro Mori,Takashi Hanada,Toshiharu Morimura,Meoung-Whan Cho,Takafumi Yao 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.6
In this paper GaNxAs1. x surfaces during growth are observed using reectance dierence or reectance anisotropy spectroscopy(RDS or RAS). The epi-layer was grown by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) system with a RF nitrogen prasma source.RD spectra showed broader structure and reduced amplitude compared to those of GaAs surfaces; GaAs(2×4)-like features werestill observed with weak and blue-shifted peaks. In the low growth temperature region, an extra structure was also observed around 3.02 eV. We proposed that GaNxAs1-x surface can be classied into three types of the surface.
Manabu Tsukamoto,Toshiharu Mori,Eiichiro Nakamura,Yasuaki Okada,Hokuto Fukuda,Yoshiaki Yamanaka,Ken Sabanai,Ke-Yong Wang,Takeshi Hanagiri,Satoshi Kuboi,Kazuhiro Yatera,Akinori Sakai 대한골다공증학회 2020 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.6 No.4
Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Nevertheless, much remains unclear regarding the bone metabolism dynamics associated with COPD. The present study focuses on the associations between the COPD severity and serum bone metabolism biomarkers. Methods: We enrolled 40 patients who visited the orthopedics departments at our institutions and underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry between September 2015 and December 2017. Only male osteoporosis patients over 45 years of age were included, and 5 patients were excluded due to disease or use of internal medicines affecting bone metabolism. All subjects underwent lung function testing, spine radiography, and blood tests. We measured percent forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV1), which reflects COPD severity, and we examined the relationships between %FEV1 and serum levels of bone metabolism biomarkers. Results: All subjects were diagnosed with osteoporosis based on T-scores. %FEV1 correlated with body weight, body mass index (BMI), and Z-score/T-scores. %FEV1 moderately correlated with serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b in the partial correlation analysis adjusted for BMI or T-score in the lumbar vertebrae. We performed a hierarchical multiple regression analysis to identify that serum ALP and P1NP were the independent explanatory variables to %FEV1 independent of other factors. Conclusions: The data suggest that the COPD severity in middle-aged and older men with osteoporosis associates with decreased bone formation. COPD patients may exhibit bone metabolism dynamics characterized by low bone turnover with osteogenesis dysfunction as COPD becomes severe.
Influence of Isoflavone Intake and Equol-producing Intestinal Flora on Prostate Cancer Risk
Sugiyama, Yukiko,Masumori, Naoya,Fukuta, Fumimasa,Yoneta, Akihiro,Hida, Tokimasa,Yamashita, Toshiharu,Minatoya, Machiko,Nagata, Yoshie,Mori, Mitsuru,Tsuji, Hirokazu,Akaza, Hideyuki,Tsukamoto, Taiji Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.1
Background: The age-adjusted incidence rate of prostate cancer (PCa) has been reported to be lower among Asians than Western populations. A traditional Japanese meal, high in soybean products or isoflavones, may be associated with a decreased risk of PCa. Equol, which is converted from daidzein by human intestinal flora, is biologically more active than any other isoflavone aglycone. Materials and Methods: We reviewed not only recent epidemiological studies on association of isoflavones with PCa risk, but also recent research on human intestinal bacteria responsible for converting daidzein into equol. Studies were systematically searched from the database published within the last 5 years of from 2008-2012. Results: Five out of 6 articles showed significant association of isoflavones with a decreased risk of PCa, and two of them consistently showed that equol-producers carry a significantly reduced risk of PCa. Furthermore, 5 human intestinal bacteria that can convert daidzein into equol were identified in the last 5 years. Conclusions: If equol can reduce risk of PCa, a possible strategy for reducing the risk of PCa may be to increase the proportion of equol-producers by changing the intestinal flora to carrying an equol-producing bacterium with dietary alteration or probiotic technology.