WHITE NOISE APPROACH TO FEYNMAN INTEGRALS

Hida, Takeyuki Korean Mathematical Society 2001 대한수학회지 Vol.38 No.2

The trajectory of a classical dynamics is determined by the least action principle. As soon as we come to quantum dynamics, we have to consider all possible trajectories which are proposed to be a sum of the classical trajectory and Brownian fluctuation. Thus, the action involves the square of the derivative B(t) (white noise) of a Brownian motion B(t). The square is a typical example of a generalized white noise functional. The Feynman propagator should therefore be an average of a certain generalized white noise functional. This idea can be applied to a large class of dynamics with various kinds of Lagrangians.

Pleiotrophin exhibits a trophic effect on survival of dopaminergic neurons in vitro

Hida, Hideki,Jung, Cha-Gyun,Wu, Chen-Zhen,Kim, Hye-Jung,Kodama, Yuji,Masuda, Tadashi,Nishino, Hitoo 한림대학교 환경·생명과학연구소 2003 [일송 국제심포지엄] 노화와 만성퇴행성 신경질환 Vol.- No.5

To understand what kind of trophic factors are up-regulated in dopamine(DA)-depleted striatum, we first analysed the up-regulation of mRNAs using a DNA microarray in DA-depleted striatum where DAergic inputs were denervated by 6-OHDA. We then investigated whether or not such trophic factors had an effect on cultured dopaminergic neurons. The microarray analysis revealed that pleiotrophin (PTN), glial-derived neurotopic factor(GDNF) and others were up-regulated in DA-depleted striatum. As PTN has been reported to have a wide range of trophic effects on neurons, we focused on the functional role of PTN in the present study. The increase in PTN mRNA was confirmed by Northern blotting at 1-3 weeks after the lesion, reaching a peak at 1 week. In embryonic day 15 mesencephalic neuron culture, PTN increased the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons in a dose-dependent manner (125.2±2.0% of the control at 50ng/mL), while a family protein, midkine(10ng/mL) did not show any trophic effect (99.3±0.7%). In addition, the PTN effect on DAergic neurons was additive to the GDNF effect. As PTN did not increase the number of microtubule-associated protein-2(MAP 2)-positive neurons or promote the proliferation of dopaminergic progenitors in a bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) labelling study, the effect appeared to enhance the specific survival of dopaminergic neurons. Expression of PTN receptors (syndecan-3, PTP-ζ) was detected on the cultured mesencephalic neurons, and also up-regulated in DA-depleted striatum. The data indicate that PTN is up-regulated in DA-depleted striatum and exhibits a trophic effect specifically on the survival of cultured dopaminergic neurons.

WHITE NOISE APPROACH TO FLUCTUATIONS

Hida, Takeyuki Korean Mathematical Society 1998 대한수학회지 Vol.35 No.3

We are interested in random phenomena that will vary as time goes by, being interfered with by fluctuation. These phenomena are often expressed as functionals of white noise. We therefore discuss the analysis of those functionals, where the white noise is understood as a system of idealized elementary random variables. The system is, in many cases, taken to be the innovation of the given random phenomena. The use of the innovation provides a powerful tool to investigate stochastic processes and random fields in line with white noise analysis.

Significance of CO₂fluid inclusions in the upper mantle

Karoly Hidas,Yang Kyounghee,Marta Berkesi,Um Youngbo,Nam Bokhyun,Csaba Szabo 한국암석학회 2007 한국암석학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Cytoreductive Surgery for Peritoneal Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer in Japan

Koya Hida 대한외과학회 2022 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2022 No.11

Psychological outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic among pregnant women in Indonesia: a cross-sectional study

Rahmah Hida Nurrizka,Yuri Nurdiantami,Feda Anisah Makkiyah 질병관리본부 2021 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.12 No.2

Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze the psychological outcomes of pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in several areas that are epicenters for the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data obtained from an online survey administered to 120 women who were pregnant and gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The psychological condition of pregnant women was measured using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 questionnaire which was modified for conditions experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. We classified pregnant women into 2 groups according to their psychological condition: pregnant women who experienced anxiety and pregnant women who did not experience anxiety or felt normal. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was undertaken for the 2 groups. This study also used univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. Results: The results of the ROC analysis resulted in a cutoff score of 3.56. The proportion of respondents who felt anxious was 53.3% and the proportion of respondents who did not feel anxious or felt normal was 46.7%. Anxiety was most common among pregnant women with high education levels, gestational age <19 weeks, and working pregnant women. Conclusion: Maternal health services need to be performed with strict health protocols, complemented by pregnancy counseling services. This will provide a feeling of comfort and safety as pregnant women receive health services and give birth.

서안(西安) 출토 전불(塼佛)의 제작 배경과 의의

히다로미 ( Hida Romi ) 한국불교미술사학회(한국미술사연구소) 2017 강좌미술사 Vol.48 No.-

중국 서안 자은사의 대안탑을 중심으로 여러 사지에서 출토된 전불(塼佛)은 인도 불교미술 특히 불상의 수용을 이해하는데 가장 중요한 자료라 할 수 있다. 전불(塼佛)이라는 것은 점토를 거푸집(틀, 雌型)으로 모양을 떠서 만든 부조형태의 불상이다. 형태를 떠낸 후에 세부를 적당히 다듬은 다음, 햇볕에 말리고 나서 굽는 것이다. 그 중에는 금박(漆箔)이나 채색을 가한 것도 있지만 대부분은 초벌구이 상태이며, 햇볕에 말리기만 해서 완성한 것도 있다. 틀은 일반적으로 점토를 가마에 넣은 후 낮은 온도에서 구워서 만들며, 구리나 돌로 만든 한 것도 있지만 기존의 전불을 모형으로 답습한 제작도 성행했다. 거푸집(?型)과 흙만 있다면 특별한 기술이나 설비도 필요 없으며, 간단하게 같은 형태의 불상을 대량으로 만들 수 있는 점이 전불의 본질적인 특징이다. 중국 내외의 여러 곳에 소장되어 있는 중국 전불의 대부분은 19 세기 중엽부터 20 세기 전반에 걸쳐 서안과 그 주변, 그 중에서도 대자은사(大慈恩寺)의 대안탑(大雁塔) 부근에서 출토된 것이라고 알려져 있고, 또한 1980 년대부터 시작된 발굴 조사에 의해 서안 시내의 서명사(西明寺), 청룡사(靑龍寺), 실제사(實際寺:溫國寺), 예천사(禮泉寺) 등의 당대(唐代) 절터에서도 다수의 전불이 출토되고 있다. 이들 중에 많은 수가 가로세로 10 ㎝ 정도의 자그마한 크기이며, 저렴한 재료를 이용한 대량 생산품인 탓인지 종래 중국의 학계는 낮은 관심을 보여왔다. 그러나 그 대부분이 7 세기 중엽부터 8 세기에 걸쳐 만들어진 것이라고 생각할 수 있고, 초당시대 장안의 불교미술을 알려 주는 희귀한 자료일 뿐만 아니라 작은 틀, 저렴한 가격, 다량, 동일한 형태라고 하는 전불 고유의 특성이 당시의 불교신앙이나 조상 활동의 한 국면을 해명하는데 유용한 수단이 되는 것이다. 필자는 이러한 문제의식을 가지고 1985 년부터 관련 논문을 몇 편 발표한 바 있고, 최근 하기와라하지메(萩原哉)씨, 고토 무네토시(後藤宗俊)씨가 쓴 서안출토 전불의 의의를 둘러싼 논고도 암시하는 바가 크다. 그리고 중국에서도 근래에 들어 황영천 등의 몇몇 논고가 나오고 있어 주목된다. 이 논문은 장안에서 성행한 전불 중에 가장 주요한 두 그룹인 「인도불상(印度佛像)」명 전불과 「대당선업(大唐善業)」명 전불을 중심으로 제작 배경과 도상의 유래에 대해서 좀 더 심도 있게 논의 한 것이다. Moulding brick Buddha (塼佛) excavated in various temple sites around Dayanta(大雁塔) pagoda in Xian Ciensi(慈恩寺) temple in China is the most important data to understand the acceptance of Indian Buddhist art, especially Buddha Statue. Moulding brick Buddha is a relief-shaped Buddha Statue made by a mold (雌型) with clay. After shaping it, it is trimmed in detail accordingly, then dry it in the sun and then bake it. Some of them are painted with lacquer or paint, but most of them are unglazed and some are finished only by drying in the sun. The cast is generally made by putting clay in a kiln and baking it at a low temperature. Even sometimes it was made of copper or stone, it was more popular to remake a cast by the squeeze of former existing moulding results. It is an essential characteristic of the moulding brick Buddha that it does not require any special skill or equipment if there are only a mold and clay, and that the Buddha Statue can be mass-produced in a simple manner. Most of Chinese moulding Buddha, which are possessed in China and other countries are said to have been excavated from the middle of the 19th century to the early 20th century in the Xian and its surroundings, in particular Dayanta in Daciensi temple (大慈恩寺). In addition, excavations started in the 1980s, and a lot of moulding brick Buddha are excavated in temple sites such as Ximingsi temple(西明寺), Qinglongsi temple(靑龍寺), Shijisi temple(實際寺:溫國寺), Liquansi temple(禮泉寺) in Xian city. Many of them are small in size, about 10cm in width, and have been of low interest in academia in the past because they are mass-produced products using cheap materials. However, most of them are thought to have been made in the middle of the 7th century through the 8th century. And they are not only rare evidence that tell about the Buddhist art of early Tang Dynasty capital, but also unique features of moulding brick Buddha which are small frame, low price, large quantity, and same form, may be a useful means to explain one aspect of Buddhist beliefs and ancestral activities at that time. In 1985, this author published several papers related to this issue. Recently, the writings about the significance of moulding brick Buddha excavated by Xian written by Hakiwara Hajime and Kotou Munetoshi have a great meaning. In China, it is noted that there are some academic papers written by Hwang Yeong Cheon. This study focuses on the two major groups of moulding brick Buddha in the capital, named 「India Buddha Statue(印度佛像)」 and 「Tang Seoneup(大唐善業)」, and has a more in-depth discussion about production contexts and iconographic origin.

Effect of Grasp Height and Inspection Posture on Upper Limb Load during Single-handed Visual Inspection of Objects

Takuya Hida,Yuka Yoshioka,Akihiko Seo 대한산업공학회 2019 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.18 No.1

Automated systems based on image processing have been introduced into the visual inspection process. However, owing to persisting technical and cost issues, human visual inspection still plays a major role in industrial inspections. When workers inspect small items (e.g., digital camera lenses or containers of liquid cosmetics) with one hand, which leads to an awkward posture, they experience upper-limb loading because of high loads on the upper extremities. This upper-limb loading may damage their hands, arms, and shoulders. There are a very limited number of studies that investigate the effects of upper-limb loading on humans during visual inspections; therefore, we conducted experiments on subjects where they used one hand to handle small objects for visual inspections. Using electromyography, joint angle measurements, and subjective evaluations, we investigated the effects of the grasp height and the subject’s inspection posture on the load applied to the upper limb. The results showed that the effects of upper-limb loading varied depending on the inspection posture because of variations in the locations where the loads acted on the body. Therefore, when evaluating upper-limb loading during such tasks, it was necessary to consider not only the muscle load but also the posture, the posture duration, and the subjective metrics.

Uṣṇīṣavijayā-dhāraṇī: The Complete Sanskrit Text Based on Nepalese Manuscripts

Gergely HIDAS 동국대학교 불교학술원 2020 International Journal of Buddhist Thought & Cultur Vol.30 No.2

While the Uṣṇīṣavijayā tradition received considerable scholarly attention regarding its Central and East Asian aspects, examinations of native South Asian evidence have been sparse. This paper offers now the first critical edition and translation of the Uṣṇīṣavijayā-dhāraṇī as it survives in Sanskrit manuscripts. Using ten Nepalese witnesses, the text with the nidāna, dhāraṇī and kalpa sections is presented, which throws light on key ritual practices involving caitya deposits of various materials to provide longevity.

-사천성(四川省) 협강(夾江) 천불암(千佛岩) 마애(磨崖)를 중심(中心)으로-

히다로미 ( Hida Romi ) 동양미술사학회 2013 동양미술사학 Vol.2 No.-

9세기는 불교조각의 지역적 차이와 민중화가 가속화된 시대였다. 본고에서는 2009~12년에 사천성문물고고연구원 등과 공동조사를 실시했던 천불암 마애 중에 9세기에 유행했던 미타정인을 취한 아미타상과 성승상에 주목했다. 불공이 한역한밀교경궤에 설해진 미타정인상(像)은 협강에서 17건이 확인되나 그 안에서 밀교적인 성격은 찾아볼 수 없고, 삼불 혹은 사불병좌감에서 종래의 전법륜인상을 대신하여 아미타불 형식으로 등장하고 있다. 한편, 돈황벽화에서는 9세기에도 미타정인의 작례를 찾아볼 수 없기에 지역 간의 차이를 엿 볼 수 있다. 천불암의 중심구(區)인 제91호감은 승가·보지·만회라는 삼성승상으로, 9세기에 일본 승려 엔닌이 같은 주제의 단감상을 가져왔다는 사료를 가지고 유추하면, 특히 수난구제水難救濟)와 행로안전(行路安全)이라는 이점을 바라고 청의강 기슭의 낭떠러지에 이를 조각했다고 간주된다. 현세이익적인 영험력에 대한 민중의 요청에 응했던 이러한 조상 주제의 유행은 그 배경에 토번이나 남조의 침공이 반복되었던 9세기 사천지역의 사회적 불안이 깔려있는 것이다.