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Mass Propagation of Vitex negundo L., in vitro
Thiruvengadam, Muthu,Jayabalan, Narayanasamypillai The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2000 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2 No.3
Shoot proliferation was obtained from shoot tips and nodal explants of Vitex negundo L. on MS medium supplemented with either BAP or KIN (0.1-2.0 mg/L) alone or in combination with NAA (0.1 mg/L). The concentrations of cytokinins combined with NAA produced multiple shoots from shoot tips and nodal explants. The highest mean percentage (84.3$\pm$8.0) of shoot multiplication's were observed on nodal explants in the presence of BAP (1.5 mg/L) and NAA (0.1 mg/L) followed by shoot tips (65.0$\pm$5.0). The regenerated shootlets were rooted on MS basal medium IAA, IBA, NAA (0.1-1.5 mg/L). The maximum number of roots (51.0$\pm$2.6) was achieved on the medium containing IBA (1.0 mg/L) followed by other auxins (NAA, IAA). The regenerated plants were successfully transferred to a mixture of vermiculate and soil. About 95% of the plantlets survived when transferred to the field.
Thiruvengadam, Muthu,Rekha, K.T.,Yang, Chang-Hsien,Jayabalan, Narayanasamypillai,Chung, Ill-Min The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2010 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.4 No.4
An efficient protocol for in vitro organogenesis was achieved from callus-derived immature and mature leaf explants of Momordica charantia, a very important vegetable and medicinal plant. Calluses were induced from immature leaf explants excised from in vitro (15-day-old seedlings) mature leaf explants of vivo plants (45 days old). The explants were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with Gamborg (B5) vitamins containing 30 g $1^{-1}$ sucrose, 2.2 g $1^{-1}$ Gelrite, and 7.7 lM naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) with 2.2 ${\mu}M$ thidiazuron (TDZ). Regeneration of adventitious shoots from callus (30-40 shoots per explant) was achieved on MS medium containing 5.5 ${\mu}M$ TDZ, 2.2 ${\mu}M$ NAA, and 3.3 ${\mu}M$ silver nitrate ($AgNO_3$). The shoots (1.0 cm length) were excised from callus and elongated in MS medium fortified with 3.5 ${\mu}M$ gibberellic acid ($GA_3$). The elongated shoots were rooted in MS medium supplemented with 4.0 ${\mu}M$ indole 3-butyric acid (IBA). Rooted plants were acclimatized in the greenhouse and subsequently established in soil with a survival rate of 90%. This protocol yielded an average of 40 plants per leaf explant with a culture period of 98 days.
Rajakumar, Govindasamy,Thiruvengadam, Muthu,Mydhili, Govindarasu,Gomathi, Thandapani,Chung, Ill-Min Springer-Verlag 2018 BIOPROCESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING Vol.41 No.1
<P>Bio-mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was carried out by utilizing the reducing and capping potential of Andrographis paniculata leaf extract. The capped ZnO NPs were characterized using UV-Vis, XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM and SAED analyses. FTIR analysis suggested the role of phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and proteins of A. paniculata leaf extract, in nucleation and stability of ZnO NPs. XRD pattern compared with the standard confirmed spectrum of zinc oxide particles formed in the present experiments were in the form of nanocrystals, as evidenced by the peaks at 2 theta values. SEM and TEM analysis of ZnO NPs reveals those spherical and hexagonal shapes and the sizes at the range of 96-115 and 57 +/- 0.3 nm, respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles possess strong biological activities regarding anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory potentials which could be utilized in various biological applications by the cosmetic, food and biomedical industries.</P>
Muthaiya, Maria John,Nagella, Praveen,Thiruvengadam, Muthu,Mandal, AbulKalam Azad 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.2
Tea cell suspension culture is an alternative method for the synthesis of secondary metabolites. For the separation of cells, different concentrations of pectinase were used and a concentration of 0.5% was found to be the optimum concentration for the separation of cells (41.7%) in the culture medium than the other two concentrations (33.3 and 25.0%). The separated cells were cultured in liquid MS medium using different PGR combinations. The time taken for the cells to reach stationary phase, under different PGRs, ranged from 17 to 21 d. The maximum cell density was found in IAA and 2, 4-D medium at 21 d followed by 2, 4-D. Results revealed that the amount of secondary metabolites such as catechins were high with stationary phase when compared to other growth phases (lag and log phases). Different concentrations of shikimic acid (10, 20, and 30 mM) were added to the stationary phase of cell culture in the bioreactor and the secondary metabolite content was analyzed. Synthesis of polyphenols, catechins, caffeine, and other secondary components were high (33.87, 22.85, and 4.66%) with 20 mM shikimic acid treatment than the other two concentrations.
Mohamed, Shamsudeen Varisai,Jawahar, Manikam,Thiruvengadam, Muthu,Jeyakumar, Masilamani,Jayabalan, Narayanasamy Pillai The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 1999 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.1 No.2
A method for induction of multiple shoots using cotyledonary nodes and shoot tips of Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. was described. The experiment was conducted in which shoot induction was noticed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of four cytokinins (KIN, 2iP, Ads, BAP). These multiple shoots were later developed into normal shoots. The highest rate of shoot proliferation came from MS medium added with BAP 1.5 mg/L. The multiple shoot buds were subcultured into MS medium with BAP (0.5-1.5 mg/L) along with Ads (1.0 mg/L) and GA$_3$ (0.5 mg/L), which gave rise to the highest frequency of shoot proliferation and elongation. The shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 1.75 mg/L IBA.