Addressing cancer-related fatigue through sleep: A secondary analysis of a randomized trial comparing acupuncture and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia

Li Xiaotong,Liou Kevin T.,Susan Chimonas,Karolina Bryl,Wong Greta,Eugenie Spiguel,Susan Q. Li,Sheila N.Garland,Bao Ting,Mao Jun J 한국한의학연구원 2023 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.12 No.1

Background: Fatigue is a troublesome symptom in cancer survivors that often results from disrupted sleep. We sought to assess whether two insomnia-focused non-pharmacological interventions are also effective for improving fatigue. Methods: We analyzed data from a randomized clinical trial comparing cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) versus acupuncture for insomnia among cancer survivors. Participants were 109 patients who reported insomnia and moderate or worse fatigue. Interventions were delivered over eight weeks. Fatigue was evaluated at baseline, week 8, and week 20 using the Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory-Short Form (MFSI-SF). We used both mediation analysis and t-tests to explore the extent to which fatigue reduction was attributable to insomnia response. Results: Compared to baseline, both CBT-I and acupuncture produced significant reductions in total MFSI- SF scores at week 8 ( −17.1 points; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −21.1 to −13.1, and −13.2 points; 95% CI: -17.2 to -9.2, respectively, all p < 0.001) and week 20 (-14.6 points; 95% CI: -18.6 to -10.6, and −14.2 points; 95% CI: -18.1 to -10.3. respectively, all p < 0.001), with no significant between-group differences. MFSI-SF total scores at week 8 were significantly associated with sleep improvements in both CBT-I and acupuncture groups ( p < 0.001 and p = 0.011, respectively). Insomnia responders demonstrated significantly greater improvements in mean MFSI-SF total scores compared with non-responders in the CBT-I group ( p = 0.016) but not in the acupuncture group. Conclusion: CBT-I and acupuncture produced similar, clinically meaningful, and durable fatigue reduc- tions in cancer survivors with insomnia, primarily through improvements in sleep. Acupuncture may also reduce fatigue through additional pathways. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier:

Coronary Atherosclerosis T₁-Weighed Characterization With Integrated Anatomical Reference

Xie, Y.,Kim, Y.J.,Pang, J.,Kim, J.S.,Yang, Q.,Wei, J.,Nguyen, C.T.,Deng, Z.,Choi, B.W.,Fan, Z.,Bairey Merz, C.N.,Shah, P.K.,Berman, D.S.,Chang, H.J.,Li, D. Elsevier Science B.V. Amsterdam 2017 JACC CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING Vol.10 No.6

Objectives: The aim of this work is the development of coronary atherosclerosis T<SUB>1</SUB>-weighted characterization with integrated anatomical reference (CATCH) technique and the validation by comparison with high-risk plaque features (HRPF) observed on intracoronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) and invasive coronary angiography. Background: T<SUB>1</SUB>-weighted cardiac magnetic resonance with or without contrast media has been used for characterizing coronary atherosclerosis showing promising prognostic value. Several limitations include: 1) coverage is limited to proximal coronary segments; 2) spatial resolution is low and often anisotropic; and 3) a separate magnetic resonance angiography acquisition is needed to localize lesions. Methods: CATCH acquired dark-blood T<SUB>1</SUB>-weighted images and bright-blood anatomical reference images in an interleaved fashion. Retrospective motion correction with 100% respiratory gating efficiency was achieved. Reference control subjects (n = 13) completed both pre- and post-contrast scans. Stable angina patients (n = 30) completed pre-contrast scans, among whom 26 eligible patients also completed post-contrast scans. After cardiac magnetic resonance, eligible patients (n = 22) underwent invasive coronary angiography and OCT for the interrogation of coronary atherosclerosis. OCT images were assessed and scored for HRPF (lipid-richness, macrophages, cholesterol crystals, and microvessels) by 2 experienced analysts blinded to magnetic resonance results. Results: Per-subject analysis showed none of the 13 reference control subjects had coronary hyperintensive plaques (CHIP) in either pre-contrast or post-contrast CATCH. Five patients had CHIP on pre-contrast CATCH and 5 patients had CHIP on post-contrast CATCH. Patients with CHIP had greater lipid abnormality than those without. Per-segment analysis showed elevated pre- and post-contrast plaque to myocardium signal ratio in the lesions with HRPF versus those without. Positive correlation was observed between plaque to myocardium signal ratio and OCT HRPF scoring. CHIP on pre-contrast CATCH were associated with significantly higher stenosis level than non-CHIP on invasive coronary angiography. Conclusions: CATCH provided accelerated whole heart coronary plaque characterization with simultaneously acquired anatomical reference. CHIP detected by CATCH showed positive association with high-risk plaque features on invasive imaging studies.

3D hierarchical CoO@MnO2 core-shell nanohybrid for high-energy solid state asymmetric supercapacitors

Li, C.,Balamurugan, J.,Thanh, T.,Kim, N.,Lee, J. Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.5 No.1

<P>A unique morphology, high specific surface area, extraordinary porosity, and excellent conductive networks are typical favorable properties of pseudocapacitors; however, fully comprehending and interpreting this substantive topic still remains a great challenge. Herein, we present a new strategy for the direct growth of a cobalt monoxide@manganese oxide core-shell nanostructure on 3D Ni foam (CoO@MnO2/Ni foam). This is accomplished by simple, scalable, in situ fabrication methods to produce a material that can be employed as an advanced electrode material for high-energy solid state asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs). The cost-effective, binder-free 3D CoO@MnO2 core-shell nanostructure delivers excellent electrochemical properties with an ultra-high specific capacitance (1835 F g(-1) at a current density of 1 A g(-1)), tremendous rate capabilities with an extraordinary capacitance of 1198 F g(-1) at a current density of 20 A g(-1), and outstanding stability (97.7% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles). ASCs with a maximum potential window of 1.8 V are fabricated by using a 3D CoO@MnO2 core-shell nanohybrid as the positive electrode and N-doped graphene (NG) as the negative electrode in order to validate the outstanding performance for practical energy storage devices. Impressively, the ASCs delivered a high specific capacitance (191 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1)), excellent energy density (similar to 85.9 W h kg(-1)), an ultra-high power density (similar to 16 769 W kg(-1) at 51.7 W h kg(-1)), and remarkable cycle stability (86.8% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles). These findings provide a new method to design 3D CoO@MnO2 core-shell nanostructures that are cost-effective and binder-free electrode materials for the development of high-performance energy storage devices.</P>

Implication of intracellular ROS formation, caspase-3 activation and Egr-1 induction in platycodon D-induced apoptosis of U937 human leukemia cells

Shin, D.Y.,Kim, G.Y.,Li, W.,Choi, B.T.,Kim, N.D.,Kang, H.S.,Choi, Y.H. Masson Pub. USA, Inc 2009 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.63 No.2

Platycodon D is a major constituent of triterpene saponins found in the root of Platycodon grandiflorum, Platycodi Radix, which is widely used in traditional Oriental medicine for the treatment of many chronic inflammatory diseases. The results of previous studies have shown that this compound has in vitro growth-inhibitory activity in human cancer cells, however, the mechanism by which this action occurs is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of platycodon D on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and evaluated the association of these effects with apoptotic tumor cell death using a human leukemic U937 cell line. The results of this study demonstrate that platycodon D mediates ROS production, and that this mediation is followed by a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨ<SUB>m</SUB>), activation of caspase-3, and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Both the cytotoxic effects and apoptotic characteristics induced by platycodon D treatment were significantly inhibited by z-DEVD-fmk, a caspase-3 inhibitor, which demonstrates the important role that caspase-3 plays in the observed cytotoxic effect. Additionally, the transcription factor early growth response-1 (Egr-1) gene was transcriptionally activated and the levels of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-activated gene-1 (NAG-1) protein were elevated in platycodon D-treated U937 cells. However, the quenching of ROS generation in response to treatment with a ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-l-cysteine, reversed the platycodon D-induced apoptosis effects via inhibition of Egr-1 activation, ROS production, MMP collapse, and the subsequent activation of caspase-3. Although further studies are needed to demonstrate that increased expression of Egr-1 by platycodon D leads directly to NAG-1 induction and subsequent apoptosis, our observations clearly indicate that ROS induced through Egr-1 activation are involved in the early molecular events involved in the platycodon D-induced apoptotic pathway.

The effect of spin reorientation transition of antiferromagnetic NiO on the Py magnetic anisotropy in Py/NiO/CoO/MgO(0 0 1)

Yang, M.,Li, Q.,N'Diaye, A.T.,Dong, Q.Y.,Gao, N.,Arenholz, E.,Hwang, C.,Wu, Y.Z.,Qiu, Z.Q. Elsevier 2018 Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials Vol.460 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Using X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism (XMLD) measurement, we investigate the antiferromagnetic (AFM) NiO spin reorientation transition (SRT) in epitaxial NiO/CoO/MgO(0 0 1) system at room temperature and constructed a complete NiO spin phase diagram. Then utilizing Magneto-Optic Kerr Effect (MOKE) combined with a rotation magnetic field (ROTMOKE), we investigated the effect of NiO SRT on the magnetic anisotropy of a ferromagnetic (FM) Py overlayer in Py/NiO/CoO/MgO(0 0 1) system. We find that the Py coercivity and anisotropy only slightly enhanced for Py on top of out-of-plane NiO spins but greatly enhanced for Py on top of in-plane NiO spins. Both the uniaxial and fourfold anisotropies of the Py showed a clear dependence on the NiO spin orientation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Spin reorientation transition (SRT) of antiferromagnetic NiO. </LI> <LI> Direct measurement of antiferromagnetic spins using XMLD. </LI> <LI> Quantitative determination of Py magnetic anisotropy using ROTMOKE. </LI> <LI> Demonstration of the effect of the NiO SRT on the Py magnetic anisotropy. </LI> </UL> </P>

Activation of antiferromagnetic domain switching in exchange-coupled Fe/CoO/MgO(001) systems

Li, Q.,Chen, G.,Ma, T. P.,Zhu, J.,N'Diaye, A. T.,Sun, L.,Gu, T.,Huo, Y.,Liang, J. H.,Li, R. W.,Won, C.,Ding, H. F.,Qiu, Z. Q.,Wu, Y. Z. American Physical Society 2015 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.91 No.13

Nanoparticle additions for enhanced flux pinning in YBCO HTS films

N.M. Strickland,N.J. Long,E.F. Talantsev,P. Hoefakker,J.A. Xia,M.W. Rupich,W. Zhang,X. Li,T. Kodenkandath,Y. Huang 한국물리학회 2008 Current Applied Physics Vol.8 No.3,4

We describe a method for forming a nanoparticle dispersion in YBa₂Cu₃O7 superconducting lms grown by metal-organic depositionon RABiTS substrates. Two separate precursor modications have been shown by transmission electron microscopy to give nanopar-ticles of (Y,Dy)₂O₃ and BaZrO₃ with size distributions of 10-50 nm and 10-25 nm, respectively and that are well dispersed in the lm.These particles are eective ux pinning centers and enhance the transport critical current by up to 100% at 77 K for a magnetic eld of 1.5 T applied perpendicular to the tape. The processing required to grow these lms is not greatly altered from that of unmodied YBCO and can be readily transferred to continuous processing of long-length wires.

Electrical switching of the magnetic vortex circulation in artificial multiferroic structure of Co/Cu/PMN-PT(011)

Li, Q.,Tan, A.,Scholl, A.,Young, A. T.,Yang, M.,Hwang, C.,N'Diaye, A. T.,Arenholz, E.,Li, J.,Qiu, Z. Q. American Institute of Physics 2017 Applied Physics Letters Vol.110 No.26

Ni and CoO spin cantings induced by Fe layer in Ni/CoO/Fe/vicinal MgO(001)

Li, Q.,Yang, M.,N'Diaye, A. T.,Dong, Q. Y.,Scholl, A.,Young, A. T.,Gao, N.,Arenholz, E.,Hwang, C.,Li, J.,Qiu, Z. Q. American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review B Vol.96 No.21

<P>Using element-resolved x-raymagnetic circular dichroism and x-raymagnetic linear dichroism measurements, we studied Ni/CoO/vicinal MgO(001) and Ni/CoO/Fe/vicinal MgO(001) systems at 350 and 78 K. Above the CoO Neel temperature, the Ni magnetization is fully in plane and parallel to the atomic steps in both systems due to step-induced magnetic anisotropy. Below the CoO Neel temperature, the CoO spins in Ni/CoO/vicinal MgO(001) are fully in plane and parallel to the atomic steps and the Ni magnetization is fully in plane and perpendicular to the atomic steps due to the 90 degrees Ni/CoO magnetic coupling. The CoO spins in Ni/CoO/Fe/vicinal MgO(001), however, develop an out-of-plane canted spin component in addition to the in-plane component parallel to the atomic steps. Consequently, the Ni magnetization is canted towards the out-of-plane direction by an appreciable angle. Photoemission electron microscopy imaging shows a 90 degrees interfacial magnetic coupling at both the Ni/CoO and the CoO/Fe interfaces and an absence of a direct interlayer coupling, showing that the Ni spin canting is due to its coupling to the canted CoO spin components which is caused by the underlying ferromagnetic Fe layer in Ni/CoO/Fe/vicinal MgO(001).</P>

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase-Expressing Aortic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Protect against Atherosclerosis by Induction of Regulatory T Cells

Yun, T.J.,Lee, J.S.,Machmach, K.,Shim, D.,Choi, J.,Wi, Y.J.,Jang, H.S.,Jung, I.H.,Kim, K.,Yoon, W.K.,Miah, M.A.,Li, B.,Chang, J.,Bego, M.G.,Pham, T.N.Q.,Loschko, J.,Fritz, J.H.,Krug, A.B.,Lee, S.P.,Ke Cell Press 2016 Cell metabolism Vol.24 No.6