A Quantitative A naly sis of the Fire Hazard Generated from Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

Sungwook Kang(Sungwook Kang),Kyu Min Lee(Kyu Min Lee),Minjae Kwon(Minjae Kwon),Ohk Kun Lim(Ohk Kun Lim),Joung Yoon Choi(Joung Yoon Choi) 한국화재소방학회 2022 International Journal of Fire Science and Engineer Vol.36 No.2

There is a lack of information on (i) the potential fire load of new green-technology vehicles, (ii) flame spread behavior, (iii) thermal impacts on high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels (HSVs) and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) during fuel cell electric vehicles fires (FCEVs), and (iv) thermal damage to adjacent vehicles and upper structural members during FCEV fires occurring in civil structures, such as underground spaces, multi-story parks, and tunnels. In view of this, a full-scale fire test was conducted in this study to quantitatively assess the fire risk of hydrogen FCEVs. Large-scale cone calorimetry was used to quantify the thermal intensity released from the FCEV fire. The flame spreading behavior through an FCEV with HSVs and LIBs was observed using the thermocouples installed. Changes in the temperature and irradiance around the FCEV fire were also measured using an instrumented test rig. The peak heat release rate, total heat released, and fire growth rate were observed to be 5.99 MW, 11.8 GJ, and 0.0055 kW/s², respectively. The temporal point of hydrogen gas release from the HSVs' thermal pressure relief device (TPRD) was estimated to be 16.2-26.2 min. The initiation of thermal runaway of LIBs was deduced from the temperature-time profiles of the LIB modules and their metal housing approximately 22.2 min after HCEV ignition. Moreover, FCEV fires could thermally impair adjacent upper structural members by 800 ℃ combustion gas for at least 13 min and emit a median heat flux of 27.2 kW/m² (peak heat flux of 76.5 kW/m²) to adjacent vehicles. The measurements and findings obtained from this study can contribute to the evaluation of and further studies on newly emerging fire hazards.

The Effect of the Introduction of the Express Highspeed Railway in Korea

SungWook KANG(SungWook KANG),SukMun OH(SukMun OH),GyuBae KIM(GyuBae KIM) 동아시아경상학회 2022 The East Asian Journal of Business Economics Vol.10 No.4

Purpose – In today's era of carbon neutrality, railways need to find ways to improve usability and efficiency. Accordingly, this study examines the effect of introducing express highspeed railways into the Korean public transportation system and suggests some practical guidelines. One concern in the Korea railway sector is that low scheduled speeds contrast with the highspeed railway system design. Research design, data, and methodology – Current literature and foreign cases are analyzed. Subsequently, using data from the Korean Railroad Research Institute, a benefit analysis is conducted based on expanded track capacity and the saving of time owing to the introduction of the express highspeed railway. Result – The express highspeed railway system is expected to increase the number of train lines from 262 to 348 and the scheduled speed from 168.3km/h to 192.2km/h. Considering reduced time value, the economic effect is about 80 million won per year. Conclusion – The findings suggest that the express highspeed railway is a promising option to improve efficiency and increase customer utility. This study contributes to the literature by initiating a discussion on the express system in Korea; practically, it offers railway operators guidelines for improving highspeed railway system efficiency that can be transformed into a variety of marketing options.

Modeling and Analysing the Explosive Spalling Effect of High Fire-resistance and High-strength Concrete

SungWook Kang,HyungJae Moon,JeongJin Kim,SoonJeon Park,JooHo Lee,JooHwan Ko 한국콘크리트학회 2010 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.11

The Effect of Unobservable Efforts on Contractual Efficiency

Sungwook Kang,Hongsuk Yang 한국경영과학회 2013 Management Science and Financial Engineering Vol.19 No.2

An interesting puzzle in business practices is that although many researchers emphasize the benefits of a revenue-sharing contract, a wholesale contract has remained to be the most common contractual form. By introducing the concept of unobservable efforts, we examine the contractual efficiency of a wholesale contract and a revenue-sharing contract. The multi-task agency model and experimental design approach are used to analyze the relationship between the contractual efficiency and parameters. A major finding of our study is that a wholesale contract coordinates unobservable efforts, while it fails to coordinate the order quantity decision. Because unobservable efforts have mixed effects on the contractual efficiency, the superiority of contract type depends on parameters. This finding implies that a wholesale contract can be a competitive contract, especially when unobservable efforts are heavily involved. Our conclusion is that the current popularity of a wholesale contract is manager’s rational response to complex supply chain environments rather than irrational behaviors.

Benefits of Early Stakeholder Involvement in Korean Railway Infrastructure Project

SungWook KANG,DongHee KIM,JaeKyun YU,KyungChul LEE,DaeSup MOON 국제융합경영학회 2021 융합경영연구 Vol.9 No.5

Purpose: In the Korean railway infrastructure process, contractors and operators are involved at a later stage, which results in significant inefficiency. This study examines the benefits of early stakeholder involvement in Korean railway infrastructure projects and provides practical guidelines. Design, data and methodology: Literatures and foreign cases are analyzed. Building on the new product development model, we derive propositions explaining the relationship between early stakeholder involvement and the performance of Korean railway infrastructure project. Results: Major propositions include that early involvement of contractor has a positive effect on the project performance by shortening the infrastructure construction period and that early involvement of railway operator has a positive effect on the project performance by improving the effectiveness of railway infrastructure. Four requirements for the success of early stakeholder involvement are addressed. Conclusions: This study suggests that early stakeholder involvement shortens the construction period and improves railway infrastructure effectiveness. Academic contribution is to present the framework on railway infrastructure projects as holistic interactions among stakeholders. Practical contribution is to provide railway policy makers and other business practitioners with policy guidelines to improve railway infrastructure project process and to recommend an open access to relevant data.

[세션초청논문] 심층강화학습 기반 차량 횡속도 관측기 개발

강성욱(Sungwook Kang),이형섭(Hyung-Seob Lee),유승한(Seung-Han You) 대한기계학회 2023 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2023 No.11

배터리전기차 화재대응방법 및 절차에 대한 제안

강성욱(Sungwook Kang),이규민(Kyumin Lee),권민재(Minjae Kwon),최정윤(Joung Yoon Choi) 한국화재소방학회 2021 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.추계

최근 우리나라를 비롯한 여러 나라들은 미래차산업을 국가성장동력으로 삼기 위해 관련 시장의 주도권 확보에 심혈을 기울이고 있다. 이러한 국가적 기조 아래에서, 대표적 미래친환경차라고 할 수 있는 ‘배터리전기차’의 급속한 보급 확대는 쉽게 예상할 수 있는 시대적 흐름이다. 이와 같은 새로운 기술의 보급에는 항상 명과 암이 있으며, 최근까지도 배터리전기차의 화재사고 소식이 미디어에 보도되고 있어 관점에 따라 사회내 새로운 위험요소의 등장으로 여겨지기도 한다. 소방청에서도 전기차 화재사고 발생 시 현장 초기대응자인 소방대원들의 안전을 확보하면서도 새로운 종류의 화재를 효과적으로 진압하는 방법을 정립하기 위해 발빠르게 움직이고 있다. 이러한 노력의 일환으로 연구과제 발주를 통해 화재대응방법 및 절차를 고민하고 있으며, 이 내용을 기반으로 표준작전절차서(Standard Operating Procedure, 이하 SOP)를 개발하고자 한다. SOP는 사고현장에서 신속⋅효율적인 대응을 위해 요구되는 기본적이고 일반적인 방침을 기술한다. 이러한 방침 내의 문구들은 비록 간단하게 작성되는 것이 일반적이나 문구별로 적절한 근거에 기반해야 하며, 이러한 근거들은 각종 실험, 이론적 분석, 현장경험 등을 통해 마련될 수 있다. 이러한 배경에서, 본 연구에서는 KCL 화재센터가 소방청 발주 연구과제들을 수행하면서 자체적으로 진행했던 리튬이온배터리 및 전기차 실화재실험들의 결과분석 내용과 관련 문헌검토 등을 통해 이해해 온 전기차 화재의 위험성, 그리고 화재사고 대응방법 및 절차에 대해서 ‘전기차 화재진압 매뉴얼’의 형태로 제안하고자 한다. 이를 통해 현장소방대원 및 소방청 관계자들이 개발하고 있는 전기자동차 SOP의 근거 자료로 활용되는데 이바지하고자 한다.

중소기업 혁신역량과 기술개발사업에 대한 연구

강성욱(SungWook Kang),이기훈(Ki-Hoon Lee) 피터드러커 소사이어티 2011 창조와 혁신 Vol.4 No.2

본 연구는 국내 부품소재산업 중소기업들을 대상으로 기술개발 사업의 중단 및 실패요인에 대한 분석을 통해 정부정책의 효율성과 해당 기업들의 필요 요인을 파악하는데 그 목적이 있다. 특히 산업의 가치사슬에서 상류 및 하류 중간에 위치한 부품소재산업은 국내 산업의 경쟁력에 큰 영향을 미치는 특수한 산업임에도 불구하고 아직 많은 연구가 이루어지지 않았다. 또한 기존 문헌연구들이 대부분 설문조사에 기초한 기술혁신과 기술사업 또는 기술혁신과 시장지향성에 대한 인과관계를 밝히는데 집중한 반면, 실제 기술개발의 성공 및 실패에 영향을 미치는 사례연구가 거의 없는 실정이다. 본 연구는 사례연구 방법론을 활용하여, 45개 국내 부품소재산업 중소기업에 대한 3가지 요인(기술적 요인, 경영적 요인, 그리고 기타 요인)을 구분하여 파악하였다. 기술적 요인으로는 기술적 문제, 주요 연구인력 퇴사, 주요 설비 매각, 특허 문제 등이 파악되었고, 경영적 요인으로 유동성, 자본잠식, 적자, 및 부도폐업, 기타 요인으로 윤리적인 문제(임원 사기횡령 및 연구비 유용), 시장트렌드의 변화에 따른 상용화 불명확 또는 포기 등이었다. 기존에는 주로 기술적인 요인에 대한 평가를 통해 성공과 실패를 평가하였으나 본 연구를 통해 복합적인 접근을 통한 기술혁신 및 개발사업에 대한 평가를 통해 종합적인 평가를 실행하는 것이 해당사업의 성공, 중단 및 실패에 대한 의미있는 평가를 이룰 수 있다. 또한 부품소재산업의 특성만으로 본 연구결과를 일반화하는데 한계가 있으므로, 상하위 산업에 대한 연구도 향후 진행함으로써 기술적, 경영적, 그리고 기타요인을 파악함으로써 본 연구결과의 유의성을 높일 수 있다. In spite of the widespread recognition of the important roles that innovative, technology-oriented small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) play in most economies, limited research has focused on the integrated aspects of technology, management and the related factors. Since there are no well-defined or established research models or frameworks, we adopted an exploratory case approach to investigate key factors that affect success and failure business cases in the Korean components and materials industry. With forty-five case study analysis, we found that there are three important factors of business successes or failures with technology-oriented SMEs. These include technology factors (market-oriented technology; timely innovative technology; technology innovation capability; patents), management factors (financial resource; management commitments; human resource; R&D capability; commercialization capability), and the related factors (top managers’ ethical issues; transparency in R&D budgets; lack of commitments for success). For better understanding on the roles of the factors with SMEs, we put an emphasis on the integrative approach which combines technology, management, and the related factors to examine successful or failing business cases. Further studies will benefit from our findings to develop theoretical models and examine other industries.

실폭발실험 결과데이터를 활용한 섬유보강콘크리트의 폭발거동 수치해석

강성욱(Kang, SungWook),김정진(Kim JeongJin),석원균(Seok, WonKyon),신재경(Shin, JaeKyong),박종호(Park, JongHo),변천식(Byun ChunSik) 한국콘크리트학회 2012 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.5

Association between THSD4 Gene Polymorphisms and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Korean Population

Su Kang Kim,Sungwook Kang,Bum Shik Kim,Keon Sik Kim,정주호 대한암예방학회 2008 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.2

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a hypervascular tumor characterized by neovascularization, which plays an important role in the growth and progression of cancer. This study assessed the association of thrombospondin, type I, domain containing 4 (THSD4) polymorphisms with HCC in Korean population. We selected three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs961577, rs4777350, and rs2062651) in the THSD4 gene (heterozygosity>0.1). SNP genotyping was conducted using a customized Illumina BeadChip and direct sequencing in 189 HCC patients and 386 control subjects in Korean population. For the analysis of data, EM algorithm, SNPStats, SNPAnalyzer, and Helixtree programs were used. Multiple logistic regression analysis with the codominant, dominant, and recessive models was performed. Statistical analysis revealed that a significant association (rs2062651) was found between HCC and controls. Our genetic result suggests that THSD4 may be associated with the development of HCC. (Cancer Prev Res 13, 81-84, 2008)