A Chemically Synthesized Capture Agent Enables the Selective, Sensitive, and Robust Electrochemical Detection of Anthrax Protective Antigen

Farrow, Blake,Hong, Sung A,Romero, Errika C.,Lai, Bert,Coppock, Matthew B.,Deyle, Kaycie M.,Finch, Amethist S.,Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N.,Agnew, Heather D.,Yang, Sung,Heath, James R. American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.10

<P>We report on a robust and sensitive approach for detecting protective antigen (PA) exotoxin from <I>Bacillus anthracis</I> in complex media. A peptide-based capture agent against PA was developed by improving a bacteria display-developed peptide into a highly selective biligand through <I>in situ</I> click screening against a large, chemically synthesized peptide library. This biligand was coupled with an electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay utilizing nanostructured gold electrodes. The resultant assay yielded a limit of detection of PA of 170 pg/mL (2.1 pM) in buffer, with minimal sensitivity reduction in 1% serum. The powdered capture agent could be stably stored for several days at 65 °C, and the full electrochemical biosensor showed no loss of performance after extended storage at 40 °C. The engineered stability and specificity of this assay should be extendable to other cases in which biomolecular detection in demanding environments is required.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-10/nn404296k/production/images/medium/nn-2013-04296k_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn404296k'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

수중대잠전 교전모델의 무기체계 효과도 분석을 위한 합성환경기반 가상시험 프레임워크 설계 기술

홍정완,박용민,박상철,권용진,Hong, Jung-Wan,Park, Yong-Min,Park, Sang-C.,Kwon, Yong-Jin(James) 한국시뮬레이션학회 2010 한국시뮬레이션학회 논문지 Vol.19 No.4

최근 과학기술의 발전에 따라 국방 M&S에서의 무기체계 기술 및 분석을 위한 요구사항이 매우 다양화되고 복잡해졌으며, 무기체계에 요구되는 성능 또한 엄격해지고 있다. 따라서 미래의 무기체계는 와치-독 시스템, 지휘 통제 시스템, C4I 시스템과 같이 서로 다른 시스템들과의 연동기술이 필수적이다. 그러나 급속도로 발전하고 있는 M&S 기술과 비교하였을 때, 새로운 무기체계 획득 시 소요되는 시간, 비용 및 위험성은 감소되지 않고 있다. 이러한 애로사항을 극복하고자 국방 M&S 기술이 그 대안으로 떠오르고 있다. 본 논문에서는 수중대잠전 교전모델의 무기체계 효과도를 검증하기 위한 도구로써, 합성환경기반의 가상시험 프레임워크를 설계하고자 한다. 이를 위해, 오픈 소스 소프트웨어 중 하나인 Delta3D 시뮬레이션 엔진을 이용하여 가상시험 테스트베드를 구축하였으며, 다른 시뮬레이터들과의 상호연동성을 위해 HLA/RTI을 만족하는 페더레이션을 설계하였다. 본 연구의 중요성은 한국전장에 적합한 효율적인 시뮬레이션 도구를 개발하고, 보다 현실적인 시뮬레이션을 위한 전투객체의 운동방정식 및 환경 객체의 페더레이션을 설계하는데 있다.

Amorphous Diamond for Generating Cold Cathode Fluorescence Light

Sung James-C.,Kan Ming-Chi,Hu Shao-Chung 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

Amorphous diamond has a very low work function (1 eV) at modest temperature (150℃). It has been coat coated on electron emitting electrodes. Such electrodes are used for cold cathode fluorescence lamps (CCFL) that illuminate liquid crystal displays (LCD) for rnote books and television sets. Amorphous diamond can dramatically reduce the turn-on voltage to lit CCFL so the lamp life can be greatly extended. Moreover, the electrical current can be increased to enhance the brightness of the light.

Development of Monitoring Methodology to Fingerprint the Activated Sludge Processes Using Oxygen Uptake Rate

James C . Young,In S . Kim,Sung Youn Kim,Sung Min Kim 대한환경공학회 2001 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.6 No.4

The In-situ Dressing of CMP Pad Conditioners with Novel Coating Protection

Sung James-C.,Kan Ming-Chi 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

Kinik Company pioneered diamond pad conditioners protected by DLC barrier ( Coating) back in 1999 (Sung & Lin, US Patent 6,368,198). Kink also evaluated Cermet Composite Coating (CCC or , patent pending) with a composition that grades from a metallic (e.g. stainless steel) interlayer to a ceramic (e.g. or SiC) exterior. The metallic interlayer can form metallurgical bond with metallic matrix on the diamond pad conditioner. The ceramic exterior is both wear and corrosion resistant. The gradational design of coating will assure its strong adherence to the substrate because there is no weak boundary between coating and substrate.

Diamond Tools with Diamond Grits Set in a Predetermined Pattern

Sung James C. 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

In 1997, Dr. James Chien-Min Sung patented the technology of making diamond tools according to a predetermined pattern. The optimization of this pattern may double the tool life and the cutting speed. In 1998, Sung also made DiaGrid® saw segments that showed superior performance in cutting granite and marble. In 2000, Sung visited Shinhan and introduced them this revolutionary concept of diamond saw segments. In 2005, Shinhan adapted the idea and produced saw segments with diamond grits set in a predetermined pattern, their results confirmed that the sawing speed and the sawing life were both improved over conventional designs.

The Revolution of Diamond Synthesis Technology

Sung James-C.,Hu Shao-Chung,Lin I-Chiao,Tsai Chia-Cheng 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

The ultrahigh pressure process for synthesizing diamond grits is due to make a quantum leap: the raw materials will incorporate diamond seeds with a predetermined pattern. The result is doubling the diamond yield with a narrower size distribution. Moreover, the shape of diamond crystals can be precisely tuned. For example, diamond octahedra or diamond cubes, that are not available today, can be mass-produced. The new technology is now being implemented worldwide so the future diamond grits will have improved quality at reduced prices.

The Metallization of Diamond Grits

Sung James-C.,Hu Shao-Chung,Chang Yen-Shuo 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

A revolutionary "Active Braze Coated Diamond" (ABCD) has been developed for bonding diamond grits firmly in the metal matrix. The molten braze is wetted and reacted with diamond to form strong chemical bond at the interface so that the diamond does not become knocked out of tools. The ABC is a nickel alloy that can form metallurgical diffusion bondswith the metal matrix. In essence, ABCD turns diamond into a metal grain so that the diamond tools can be made by conventional powder metallurgical process without being concerned about the poor bonding between matrix metal powder and the diamond as before.

In-111 Pentetreotide Scanning in Gastrinoma Patients : Comparison of Imaging Methods 영상법의 비교

Bae, Sang Kyun,Chen, Clara C.,Reynolds, James C. 고신대학교 의학부 2003 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.18 No.1

배경 In-111 pentetretide 스캔시 여러날에 걸쳐 다양하게 영상을 얻는 것은 시간과 비용을 증가시킨다. 저자들은 영상법과 영상시기를 비교하여 진단능은 유지하면서 영상과정을 단순화할 수 있는지 평가하고 하였다. 방법 혈청 가스트린이 정상으로 완치된 가스트린 종 환자 26명과 혈청 가스트린이 상승되어 있는 51명의 환자를 합한 77명의 가스트린종 환자로부터 얻은 79 검사를 평가하였다. 222MBq의 In-111 pentetreotide를 주사한 후 4시간과 24시간에 각각 얻은 전신 영상, 복부 평면 영상, SPECT 영상을 분리하여 분석하였다. 환자와 영상의 시간정보를 숨긴 후 무작위로 모두 541 영상 을 분석하였다. 병소를 5단계로 점수를 매겼다: 0 - negative; 1 - unlikely; 2 - possible lesion; 3 - probable lesion; 4 - definite lesion. 수신자특성곡선(ROC) 분석과 민감도, 특이도를 각각 비교하였다. 생검과 방사선학적 영상으로 112병소(51 가스트린종, 61 음성)에 대한 최종 진단을 내렸다. 결과 4시간 영상의 곡선하 영역(AUC)이 24시간보다 컸으나 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 4, 24시간 모두에서 SPECT의 곡선하 영역이 평면 영상보다 컸다(4 hour, 0.94 vs 0.82 p<0.05; 24 hour, 0.89 vs 0.81, p=0.09). 3, 4점을 양성으로 기준을 정했을 때, 민감도는 4시간에서 24시간보다 컸으나 유의하지는 않았다. 4시간 영상의 특이도는 24시간 영상보다 크거나 같았다. 4, 24시간 모두에서 SPECT영상은 평면 영상보다 민감도가 높았으나(4 hour, 84% vs 62%, p=0.01; 24 hour, 78% vs 44%, p<0.001), 평면 영상의 특이도가 높았다(4 hour, 89% vs 98%, p<0.05; 24 hour, 88% vs 94%, p=㎱). 결론 가스트린 종 환자에서 SPECT를 포함한 4시간 In-111 pentetrotide 영상이 가장 좋은 진단 효용성을 나타내었다. SPECT 영상은 특이도를 약간 감소시키나 민감도를 유의하게 높였다. 따라서, 가스트린 종 환자에서 In-111 pentetreotide 주사후 SPECT를 포함한 4시간째 영상이 선별 검사로 충분할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Because multiple imaging sessions increase the cost and time of In-111 pentetreotide studies, we evaluated various imaging methods and times to see whether we could simplify the overall process while maintaining our ability to detect lesions in diagnosis of gastrinoma. Methods: Seventy nine studies from 77 gastrinoma patients were reviewed, including twenty six studies in previously cured patients with normal basal and negative secretin stimulated serum gastrin levels. Fifty one patients with elevated serum gastrin levels were considered to have active disease. Whole body, planar spot and SPECT (orthogonal, reprojected) images were obtained 4 and 24 hours after administration of 222 MBq of In-111 pentetreotide and reviewed separately. Three Nuclear Medicine physicians reviewed 541 image sets in random order, blinded to patient identifiers and time of imaging (4 vs 24 hours). Lesions were graded using 5 categories: 0 - negative; 1 - unlikely; 2 - possible lesion; 3 - probable lesion; 4 - definite lesion. ROC analysis and comparison of sensitivity and specificity were performed. Biopsy and radiological imaging provided final diagnoses for 112 lesion sites: 51 with gastrinoma, 61 sites were negative. Results: The area under the curve (AUC) for 4 hour imaging was always greater than for 24 hours, but the differences were not statistically significant. At both 4 and 24 hours, the AUC was greater with SPECT orthogonal imaging than planar imaging (4 hour, 0.94 vs 0.82, p<0.05; 24 hour, 0.89 vs 0.81, p=0.09). Using a cutoff of grade 3 or 4 as positive, the sensitivity was always greater at 4 hours than at 24 hours, but not significant. The specificity of 4 hour imaging also tended to be greater than or the same as that of 24 hour imaging. At both 4 and 24 hours, SPECT orthogonal imaging had significantly higher sensitivity than did planar imaging (4 hour, 84% vs 62%, p=0.01; 24 hour, 78% vs 44%, p<0.001), but planar imaging had better specificity ( 4 hour, 89% vs 98%, p<0.05; 24 hour, 88% vs 94%, p-㎱). Conclusion: In patients with gastrinoma, 4 hour In-111 pentetreotide imaging with SPECT provides the greatest diagnostic efficacy. SPECT imaging significantly increased the sensitivity of In-111 pentetreotide imaging with minor reductions in specificity. We conclude that a single imaging session at 4 hours after In-111 pentetreotide administration which includes SPECT imaging of the upper abdomen is sufficient for screening patients with gastrinoma. Guidelines for imaging this group of patients are presented.

Effects of the two-gap nature on the microwave conductivity of polycrystallineMgB2films with a critical temperature of39K

Lee, Sang Young,Lee, J. H.,Han, Jung Hoon,Moon, S. H.,Lee, H. N.,Booth, James C.,Claassen, J. H. American Physical Society 2005 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.71 No.10