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A Review of Vision-Based Techniques Applied to Detecting Human-Object Interactions in Still Images
Sunaina,Ramanpreet Kaur,Dharam Veer Sharma 한국정보과학회 2021 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.15 No.1
Due to the rising demand for automatic interpretation of visual relationships in several domains, human-object interaction (HOI) detection and recognition have also gained more attention from researchers over the last decade. This survey paper concentrates on human-centric interactions, which can be categorized as human-to-human and human-to-objects. Although an extensive amount of research work has been done in this area, real-world constraints like the domain of possible interactions make the research a challenging task. This paper provides an analysis of conventional hand-crafted representation-based methods and recent deep learning-based methods, ongoing advancements taking place in the field of HOI recognition and detection, and challenges faced by the researchers. Moreover, we present a detailed picture of publicly available datasets for HOI evaluations. At the end, the future scope of the study is discussed.
Effect of Ag loading on praseodymium doped ceria catalyst for soot oxidation activity
Pandurangappa Govardhan,Anjana Payyalore Anantharaman,Sunaina Shivasharanappa Patil,Hari Prasad Dasari,Harshini Dasari,Atmuri Shourya 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.2
Silver-loaded praseodymium doped ceria (XAg/PDC) was synthesized by microwave-assisted co-precipitation and wetness impregnation. XRD confirms the fluorite structure of ceria without secondary phase, and Raman spectroscopy represents the increased generation of oxygen vacancies with Ag loading. The TEM analysis shows lattice fringes corresponding to both CeO2 and Ag on the surface. The BET and BJH analysis of catalyst confirms the high porosity accompanied by high surface area and pore diameter of 5Ag/PDC and 15Ag/PDC, making it more active for the oxidation reaction. From the XPS analysis the amount of surface Ce3+ concentration and the surface chemisorbed oxygen species (O2 2) is high for 5Ag/PDC and 15Ag/PDC, in line with XRD and Raman results. The soot oxidation T50 temperature follows the trend: 5Ag/PDC~15Ag/PDC>10Ag/PDC>20Ag/PDC>0Ag/PDC. The Ag loading increased the surface reducibility of cerium ions and thus 5 wt% was optimized.
Praseodymium doped ceria as electrolyte material for IT-SOFC applications
Shajahan, Irfana,Ahn, Junsung,Nair, Parvathi,Medisetti, Srikar,Patil, Sunaina,Niveditha, V.,Uday Bhaskar Babu, G.,Dasari, Hari Prasad,Lee, Jong-Ho Elsevier 2018 Materials chemistry and physics Vol.216 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Praseodymium-doped ceria (PDC, Ce<SUB>0.9</SUB>Pr<SUB>0.1</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>) electrolyte material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs) has been successfully synthesised by EDTA-citrate method. From X-Ray diffraction (XRD), fluorite structure along with a crystallite size of 5.4 nm is obtained for PDC nanopowder calcined at 350 °C/24 h. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the structure, presence of oxygen vacancies with the manifestation of the main peak at 457 cm<SUP>−1</SUP> and with a secondary peak at 550 cm<SUP>−1</SUP>. From Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis, the average particle size is around 7–10 nm and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns further confirmed the fluorite structure of PDC nanopowder. The PDC nanopowder displayed a BET surface area of 65 m<SUP>2</SUP>/g with a primary particle size of ∼13 nm (calculated from BET surface area). Dilatometer studies revealed a multi-step shrinkage behaviour with the multiple peaks at 522, 1171 and 1461 °C which may be originated due to the presence of multiple size hard agglomerates. The PDC electrolyte pellet sintered at 1500 °C displayed an ionic conductivity of 1.213E-03 S cm<SUP>−1</SUP> along with an activation energy of 1.28eV. Instead of a single fluorite structure, XRD of sintered PDC pellet showed multiple structures (Fluorite structure (CeO<SUB>2</SUB>) and cubic structure (PrO<SUB>2</SUB>).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Praseodymium doped ceria (PDC) electrolyte was synthesised by EDTA citrate method. </LI> <LI> Dilatometer study revealed multiple shrinkage behaviour of PDC. </LI> <LI> PDC showed an ionic conductivity of 1.213E-03 S cm<SUP>−1</SUP> at 700 °C. </LI> <LI> XRD at 1500 °C revealed that they crystallize as fluorite CeO<SUB>2</SUB> + cubic PrO<SUB>2</SUB> phase. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
( Pradima J Britto ),( Rajeswari M Kulkarni ),( Archna Narula ),( Sunaina Poonacha ),( Rakshita Honnatagi ),( Sneha Shivanathan ),( Waasif Wahab ) 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.60 No.1
Biodiesel production has attracted attention as a sustainable source of fuel and is a competitive alternate to diesel engines. The glycerol that is produced as a by-product is generally discarded as waste and can be converted to green chemicals such as acetins to increase bio-diesel profitability. Acetins find application in fuel, food, pharmaceutical and leather industries. Batch experiments and analysis have been previously conducted for synthesis of acetins using glycerol esterification reaction aided by sulfated metal oxide catalysts (SO<sub>4</sub> <sup>2-</sup>/CeO<sub>2</sub>-ZrO<sub>2</sub>). The aim of this study was to optimize process parameters: effects of mole ratio of reactants (glycerol and acetic acid), catalyst concentration and reaction temperature to maximize glycerol conversion/acetin selectivity. The optimum conditions for this reaction were determined using response surface methodology (RSM) designed as per a five-level-three-factor central composite design (CCD). Statistica software 10 was used to analyze the experimental data obtained. The optimized conditions obtained were molar ratio - 1:12, catalyst concentration - 6 wt.% and temperature -90 ℃. A packed bed reactor was fabricated and column studies were performed using the optimized conditions. The breakthrough curve was analyzed.
Melwani, Anjana M,Srinivasan, Ila,Setty, Jyothsna V,Murali, Krishna D.R.,Pamnani, Sunaina S,Lalitya, Dandamudi The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2018 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.18 No.1
Background: The sight of dental injection can bring about severe anxiety in children. Therefore, an alternative method that is convenient, effective, and keeps the needle hidden making it child friendly is necessary. The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy of a camouflaged syringe and conventional syringe on behavior and anxiety in 6-11-year-old children during local anesthesia administration. Methods: The study was a randomized, crossover clinical study including 30 children. Children were separated into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 15 children aged 6-8 years while group 2 consisted of 15 children aged 9-11 years. This study involved two sessions wherein all the children were injected using conventional and camouflaged syringes in separate sessions. Their behavior was assessed using the Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) behavior pain scale and anxiety was assessed by measuring changes in pulse rate. Patient and operator preferences were compared. Results: The results showed a lower mean change in pulse rate and FLACC scores in the camouflaged group, suggesting a positive behavior and lesser anxiety with camouflaged syringes than with conventional syringes. Conclusions: The use of camouflaged syringes for anesthesia was demonstrated to be effective in improving the behavior of children and decreasing their anxiety, and is therefore recommended as an alternative to the use of conventional syringes for local anesthesia.