기업혁신 특성유형과 자동차산업 사례

이송근,풍뢰 대구대학교 경제경영연구소 2006 경제경영연구 Vol.4 No.1

Technological change is the primary factors which influence the fate of organization. The enterprise which carry out the suitable technological innovation can survive in the market. There are two types of innovations. One is product innovation. The other is process innovation. Both product and process innovation are very important to the technological success of an enterprise. The first main purposes of this study is to expound the relationship between product innovation and process innovation. Secondly, the enterprises disposed to technological change divide into four types of organizations on the basis of the different innovation style. The four types are product innovation organization, process innovation organization, ambidextrous innovation organization and inertia organization. According to the different characteristics of the four types, we divides main motor vehicle enterprises in Korea, China and Japan into four type organizations: Honda Vehicle Corporation as product innovation central organization, Hyundai Vehicle Corporation and Shanghai Volkswagen Vehicle Corporation as process innovation central organization, Toyota Vehicle Corporation as ambidextrous innovation organization and Daewoo Vehicle Corporation as inertia organization. Then we can grasp each main vehicle corporation’s innovation style and technological strategy. Meanwhile the three country’s vehicle corporations' relative positions and competitive power orders can be comprehended. The result of this study is that ambidextrous innovation organization which perform well both radical innovation and process improvement is the most of a family competitive power, just like Toyota Vehicle Corporation. And the second competitive power organization is the product innovation central organization as Honda Vehicle Corporation, the third one is process innovation central organization as Hyundai Vehicle Corporation and Shanghai Volkswagen Vehicle Corporation. The last one is the inertia organization which is insensitive to changes or lives up to the successful formality of past. For example, Daewoo Vehicle Corporation fall under this category.

AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND EXTRACTION ALGORITHM OF INTER-GRANULAR BRIGHT POINTS

Feng, Song,Ji, Kai-Fan,Deng, Hui,Wang, Feng,Fu, Xiao-Dong The Korean Astronomical Society 2012 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.45 No.6

Inter-granular Bright Points (igBPs) are small-scale objects in the Solar photosphere which can be seen within dark inter-granular lanes. We present a new algorithm to automatically detect and extract igBPs. Laplacian and Morphological Dilation (LMD) technique is employed by the algorithm. It involves three basic processing steps: (1) obtaining candidate "seed" regions by Laplacian; (2) determining the boundary and size of igBPs by morphological dilation; (3) discarding brighter granules by a probability criterion. For validating our algorithm, we used the observed samples of the Dutch Open Telescope (DOT), collected on April 12, 2007. They contain 180 high-resolution images, and each has a $85{\times}68\;arcsec^2$ field of view (FOV). Two important results are obtained: first, the identified rate of igBPs reaches 95% and is higher than previous results; second, the diameter distribution is $220{\pm}25km$, which is fully consistent with previously published data. We conclude that the presented algorithm can detect and extract igBPs automatically and effectively.

Healing Effects of Rebamipide and Omeprazole in <i>Helicobacter pylori-</i>Positive Gastric Ulcer Patients after Eradication Therapy: A Randomized Double-Blind, Multinational, Multi-Institutional Comparative Study

Song, Kyung Ho,Lee, Yong Chan,Fan, Dai-Ming,Ge, Zhi-Zheng,Ji, Feng,Chen, Min-Hu,Jung, Hyun Chae,Bo, Jiang,Lee, Sang Woo,Kim, Jin-Ho S. Karger AG 2011 Digestion Vol.84 No.3

<P>Abstract</P><P><I>Background and Aims:</I> A recent placebo-controlled trial showed that rebamipide, which is a mucosal-protective antiulcer agent, promoted gastric ulcer healing without affecting the <I>Helicobacter pylori</I> status. We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial to compare the healing effects of rebamipide and the proton-pump inhibitor omeprazole in <I>H. pylori</I>-positive gastric ulcers after <I>H. pylori</I> eradication therapy. <I>Methods:</I> After completion of 1 week of eradication therapy, 132 patients with <I>H. pylori</I>-positive gastric ulcer were enrolled in 5 Chinese and 4 Korean institutions. Patients were randomly assigned to take either 20 mg of omeprazole (n = 63) or 300 mg of rebamipide (n = 65) daily for 7 weeks. Healing was defined as complete recovery and S1 and S2 stage ulcer according to the Sakita-Miwa classification. <I>Results:</I> Healing rates at 12 weeks were 81.5% (53/65) and 82.5% (52/63) in the rebamipide and omeprazole groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in treatment efficacy, as evidenced by gastric ulcer healing rates (absolute difference –1.0%; 95% confidence interval –10.7 to 8.7; p = 0.88). The <I>H. pylori</I> eradication rate and ulcer healing rate did not differ between the groups, the latter regardless of eradication outcome. <I>Conclusions:</I> Rebamipide is as effective as omeprazole in treating of <I>H. pylori</I>-positive gastric ulcer after eradication therapy.</P><P>Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

Evaluating observed and projected future climate changes for the Arctic using the Köppen-Trewartha climate classification

Feng, Song,Ho, Chang-Hoi,Hu, Qi,Oglesby, Robert J.,Jeong, Su-Jong,Kim, Baek-Min Springer-Verlag 2012 Climate dynamics Vol. No.

Decoration of graphite fiber fabric cathode with electron transfer assisting material for enhanced bioelectrochemical methane production

Feng, Q.,Song, Y. C. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Journal of applied electrochemistry Vol.46 No.12

<P>The surface of graphite fiber fabric (GFF) was mounted with an electron transfer assisting material, such as Ni, Fe, or ammonia, along with multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) to enhance the growth of electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) using an electrophoretic deposition method. The decorated surface of GFF was changed to rough and porous, and the electric conductivity was improved from 7.52 to less than 0.2 a'broken vertical bar cm(-1). The bioelectrochemical methane productions for the decorated cathodes were compared in a batch bioelectrochemical anaerobic reactor. During the enrichment of EAB on the cathode, it was observed that the decorated cathode requires a longer initial lag phase (9-23 days), but the maximum methane production rate from the control cathode is considerably improved after the enrichment of EAB. The decoration materials reduce the charge transfer resistance on the cathode for the bioelectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, and improve the production of methane. The effectiveness of the electron transfer assisting materials for the bioelectrochemical methane production was in the order of Ni, Fe, and ammonia. The maximum methane production rate for the cathode decorated with MWCNT and Ni was 44.8 mL CH4 L-1 d(-1), which was 57.2 % higher than the control GFF cathode, and the methane yield was as much as 326.3 mL CH4 g(-) compared to the 252.8 mL CH4 g(-) for the control cathode, or 162.1 mL CH4 g(-) of the anaerobic control. Schematic diagram of electron transfer assisting material on the cathode for enhancing bioelectrochemical methane production. [GRAPHICS]</P>

Self-templated Prussian blue analogue for efficient and robust electrochemical water oxidation

Feng, Yi,Han, HyukSu,Kim, Kang Min,Dutta, Soumen,Song, Taeseup Elsevier 2019 Journal of catalysis Vol.369 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The development of high-performance and robust catalysts with low-cost is the major demand for electrochemical water oxidation. Here, a unique and facile method is reported for the synthesis of NiFe alloy derived from templated Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) on carbon cloth, exhibiting excellent water oxidation activity and stability in alkaline solution. The best water oxidation activity is obtained with O-NiFe@C-600, in which overpotential of 250 mV is required for generating water oxidation current density of 10 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> and overpotential of 300 mV was needed for affording 100 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>. In addition, outstanding long-term stability over 25 h in chronoamperometric measurements was achieved for O-NiFe@C-600. The catalysts considerably outperform the activity and stability of the other PBA derived catalysts and even the noble metal catalysts RuO<SUB>2</SUB>. The excellent performance is attributable to unique self-supported structures of the PBA-derived NiFe catalysts on carbon cloth as well as the incorporation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by <I>in-situ</I> O<SUB>2</SUB> plasma activation which further increases the number of active sites for water oxidation. Additionally, well-defined graphitized cells largely enhances stability of the catalyst by acting as chemical protective layers.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> NiFe alloys derived from Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) were developed as a high-performance electrocatalyst for water oxidation using a facile self-templated synthesis method combined with <I>in-situ</I> O<SUB>2</SUB> plasma activation process (O-NiFe@C). </LI> <LI> O-NiFe@C exhibited substantially low overpotential of 250 and 300 mV for affording water oxidation current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>. </LI> <LI> Excellent long-term stability longer than 24 h was obtained for O-NiFe@C at high current in alkaline media. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Influence of applied voltage on the performance of bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge and planktonic microbial communities at ambient temperature

Feng, Q.,Song, Y.C.,Bae, B.U. Elsevier Applied Science 2016 Bioresource technology Vol.220 No.-

The influence of applied voltage on the bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge was studied at ambient temperature (25+/-2<SUP>o</SUP>C). The stability of the bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion was considerably good in terms of pH, alkalinity and VFAs at 0.3V and 0.5V, but VFA accumulation occurred at 0.7V. The specific methane production rate (370mLCH<SUB>4</SUB>/L.d) was the highest at 0.3V, but the methane content (80.6%) in biogas and the methane yield (350mLCH<SUB>4</SUB>/gCOD<SUB>r)</SUB> were higher at 0.5V, significantly better than those of 0.7V. The VS removal efficiency was 64-66% at 0.3V and 0.5V, but only 31% at 0.7V. The dominant species of planktonic microbial communities was Cloacamonas at 0.3V and 0.5V, but the percentage of hydrolytic bacteria species such as Saprospiraceae, Fimbriimonas, and Ottowia pentelensis was much higher at 0.7V. The optimal applied voltage for bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion was 0.3-0.5V according to digestion performance and planktonic microbial communities.

Bioelectrochemical enhancement of direct interspecies electron transfer in upflow anaerobic reactor with effluent recirculation for acidic distillery wastewater

Feng, Qing,Song, Young-Chae,Yoo, Kyuseon,Kuppanan, Nanthakumar,Subudhi, Sanjukta,Lal, Banwari Elsevier 2017 Bioresource technology Vol.241 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Methane production in the upflow anaerobic bioelectrochemical reactor (UABE) treating acidic distillery wastewater was compared to the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB), and the electron transfer pathways for methane production were also evaluated in the effluent recirculation. The methane productions from reactors were influenced by the low pH of influent wastewater. However, the methane production rate and yield of the UABE were 2.08L/L.d and 320mL/g COD<SUB>r</SUB>, which were higher than the UASB. The effluent recirculation containing alkalinity neutralized the acidic influent and increased the upflow velocity in both reactors, and improved the direct interspecies electron transfer more in the UABE. When the effluent recirculation ratio was 3.0 in the UABE, the methane production rate and yield were reached up to 3.88L/L.d and 501.0mL/g COD<SUB>r</SUB>, respectively. The UABE requires electrode installation and electrical energy for operation, but the benefits from increased methane production are much higher.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Electroactive bacteria enriched in UABE activate bDIET for methane production. </LI> <LI> bDIET for methane production is less susceptible to low influent pH. </LI> <LI> Effluent recirculation in UABE further improves bDIET for methane production. </LI> <LI> UABE with effluent recirculation is a recommended process for distillery wastewater. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Electroactive microorganisms in bulk solution contribute significantly to methane production in bioelectrochemical anaerobic reactor

Feng, Qing,Song, Young-Chae,Ahn, Yongtae Elsevier 2018 Bioresource technology Vol.259 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The role of anaerobic microorganisms suspended in the bulk solution on methane production was investigated in a bioelectrochemical anaerobic reactor with the electrode polarized at 0.5 V. The electron transfer from substrate to methane and hydrogen were 25% and 7.5%, respectively, in the absence of the anaerobic microorganisms in the bulk solution. As the anaerobic microorganisms increased to 4400 mg/L, the electrons transferred to methane increased to 83.3% but decreased to 0.3% in hydrogen. The electroactive microorganisms (EAM), including exoelectrogens and electrotrophs, enriched in the bulk solution that confirmed by the redox peaks in the cyclic voltammogram was proportional to the anaerobic microorganism. The methane yield based on COD removal was dependent on the anaerobic microorganisms in the bulk solution rather than on the bioelectrode surface. The EAM suspended in the bulk solution are enriched by the polarized electrode, and significantly improve methane production in bioelectrochemical anaerobic reactor.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Polarized bioelectrode enriches electroactive microorganisms (EAM) in bulk solution. </LI> <LI> EAM in bulk solution promote interspecies electron transfer for methane production. </LI> <LI> EAM contribute to greater methane production in bulk solution than on bioelectrode. </LI> <LI> Methane production strongly depends on EAM concentration in bulk solution. </LI> <LI> Bioelectrochemical methane production represents a 3-dimensional space technology. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Influence of the temperature and hydraulic retention time in bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge

Feng, Qing,Song, Young-Chae,Kim, Dong-Hyun,Kim, Mi-Sun,Kim, Dong-Hoon Elsevier 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY - Vol.44 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>At ambient temperature (25 °C), bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge was investigated with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10 days and compared to that at a mesophilic condition (35 °C). The methane production and methane content in the biogas at ambient temperature were 612.8 mL/L·d and 73.3%, respectively, which were not significantly lower than that of the mesophilic condition. Additionally, the VS removal was 54.5% which was similar for both temperature conditions. However, for a HRT of 20 days, the bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion at ambient temperature became more stable, and the VS removal improved up to 65.0%. For the HRT of 10 days, the net energy production at ambient temperature was about 168 kJ/L·d, which was similar to the mesophilic condition; however, the apparent energy efficiency at ambient temperature was 249.2% which was significantly higher than 197.7% at the mesophilic condition. The bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion that can save the thermal energy input at ambient temperature is recommended for the treatment of organic waste including sewage sludge in moderate and cold climate regions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion (BEAD) has advantages at ambient temperature. </LI> <LI> CH<SUB>4</SUB> production at 25 °C in BEAD is not significantly reduced compared to 35 °C. </LI> <LI> Apparent energy efficiency (249.2%) at 25 °C in BEAD is higher than at 197.2% at 35 °C. </LI> <LI> Extending HRT in BEAD improves the process stability and VS removal at 25 °C. </LI> <LI> BEAD for organic waste at 25 °C is a feasible process in moderate and cold regions. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>