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Ribosomal synthesis and folding of peptide-helical aromatic foldamer hybrids
Rogers, Joseph M.,Kwon, Sunbum,Dawson, Simon J.,Mandal, Pradeep K.,Suga, Hiroaki,Huc, Ivan Nature Publishing Group UK 2018 Nature chemistry Vol.10 No.4
Translation, the mRNA-templated synthesis of peptides by the ribosome, can be manipulated to incorporate variants of the 20 cognate amino acids. Such approaches for expanding the range of chemical entities that can be produced by the ribosome may accelerate the discovery of molecules that can perform functions for which poorly folded, short peptidic sequences are ill suited. Here, we show that the ribosome tolerates some artificial helical aromatic oligomers, so-called foldamers. Using a flexible tRNA-acylation ribozyme—flexizyme—foldamers were attached to tRNA, and the resulting acylated tRNAs were delivered to the ribosome to initiate the synthesis of non-cyclic and cyclic foldamer–peptide hybrid molecules. Passing through the ribosome exit tunnel requires the foldamers to unfold. Yet foldamers encode sufficient folding information to influence the peptide structure once translation is completed. We also show that in cyclic hybrids, the foldamer portion can fold into a helix and force the peptide segment to adopt a constrained and stretched conformation.
A sequence of physical processes quantified in LAOS by continuous local measures
Ching-Wei Lee,Simon A. Rogers 한국유변학회 2017 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.29 No.4
The response to large amplitude oscillatory shear of a soft colloidal glass formed by a suspension of multiarm star polymers is investigated by means of well-defined continuous local measures. The local measures provide information regarding the transient elastic and viscous response of the material, as well as elastic extension via a shifting equilibrium position. It is shown that even when the amplitude of the strain is very large, cages reform and break twice per period and exhibit maximum elasticity around the point of zero stress. It is also shown that around the point of zero stress, the cages are extended by a nearly constant amount of approximately 5% at 1 rad/s and 7% at 10 rad/s, even when the total strain is as large as 420%. The results of this study provide a blueprint for a generic approach to elucidating the complex dynamics exhibited by soft materials under flow.
Direct Costs of Cervical Cancer Management in Morocco
Berraho, Mohamed,Najdi, Adil,Mathoulin-Pelissier, Simone,Salamon, Roger,Nejjari, Chakib Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7
Background: For cervical cancer the epidemiological profile is poorly known in Morocco and no data is available concerning the direct medical costs. The purpose of this work is to estimate the direct cost of medical management of invasive cervical cancer during the first year after diagnosis in Morocco. Methods: The estimation of direct costs of medical management of invasive cervical cancer during the first year after diagnosis in Morocco is based on the estimation of individual cost in each stage which covers diagnosis, treatment and follow-up during first year. The cost was estimated per patient and whole cycle-set using the costs for each drug and procedure as indicated by the Moroccan National Agency for Health Insurance. Extrapolation of the results to the whole country was used to calculate the total annual cost of cervical cancer treatments in Morocco. Results: Overall approximately 1,978 new cases of cervical cancer occur each year in Morocco. The majority (82.96%) of these cases were diagnosed at a late stage (stageII or more). The cost of one case of cervical cancer depends on stage of diagnosis, the lowest cost is $382 for stageCis followed by the cost of stageIA1 for young women (< 40 years) which is $2,952. The highest cost is for stageIV, which is $7,827. The total cost of cervical cancer care for one year after diagnosis is estimated at $13,589,360. The share allocated to treatment is the most important part of the global care budget with an annual sum of $13,027,609 whereas other cost components are represented as follows: $435,694 for annual follow-up activity and $126,057 for diagnosis and preclinical staging. Conclusion: This study provides health decision-makers with a first estimate of costs and the opportunity to achieve the optimal use of available data to estimate the needs of health facilities in Morocco.
Nanoscale, Electrified Liquid Jets for High-Resolution Printing of Charge
Park, Jang-Ung,Lee, Sangkyu,Unarunotai, Sakulsuk,Sun, Yugang,Dunham, Simon,Song, Taeseup,Ferreira, Placid M.,Alleyene, Andrew G.,Paik, Ungyu,Rogers, John A. American Chemical Society 2010 NANO LETTERS Vol.10 No.2
<P>Nearly all research in micro- and nanofabrication focuses on the formation of solid structures of materials that perform some mechanical, electrical, optical, or related function. Fabricating patterns of charges, by contrast, is a much less well explored area that is of separate and growing interesting because the associated electric fields can be exploited to control the behavior of nanoscale electronic and mechanical devices, guide the assembly of nanomaterials, or modulate the properties of biological systems. This paper describes a versatile technique that uses fine, electrified liquid jets formed by electrohydrodynamics at micro- and nanoscale nozzles to print complex patterns of both positive and negative charges, with resolution that can extend into the submicrometer and nanometer regime. The reported results establish the basic aspects of this process and demonstrate the capabilities through printed patterns with diverse geometries and charge configurations in a variety of liquid inks, including suspensions of nanoparticles and nanowires. The use of printed charge to control the properties of silicon nanomembrane transistors provides an application example.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2010/nalefd.2010.10.issue-2/nl903495f/production/images/medium/nl-2009-03495f_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl903495f'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
The Controlling Factors of Photochemical Ozone Production in Seoul, South Korea
Kim, Saewung,Jeong, Daun,Sanchez, Dianne,Wang, Mark,Seco, Roger,Blake, Donald,Meinardi, Simone,Barletta, Barbara,Hughes, Stacey,Jung, Jinsang,Kim, Deugsoo,Lee, Gangwoong,Lee, Meehye,Ahn, Joonyoung,Lee Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research 2018 Aerosol and air quality research Vol.18 No.9
Fundamental effects in nanoscale thermocapillary flow
Hun Jin, Sung,Song, Jizhou,Uk Chung, Ha,Zhang, Chenxi,Dunham, Simon N.,Xie, Xu,Du, Frank,Kim, Tae-il,Lee, Jong-Ho,Huang, Yonggang,Rogers, John A. American Institute of Physics 2014 Journal of Applied Physics Vol.115 No.5
When implemented on the nanoscale, material flows driven by gradients in temperature, sometimes known as thermocapillary flows, can be exploited for various purposes, including nanopatterning, device fabrication, and purification of arrays of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Systematic experimental and theoretical studies on thermocapillary flow in thin polymer films driven by heating in individual metallic SWNT over a range of conditions and molecular weights reveal the underlying physics of this process. The findings suggest that the zero-shear viscosity is a critical parameter that dominates the dependence on substrate temperature and heating power. The experimentally validated analytical models in this study allow assessment of sensitivity to other parameters, such as the temperature coefficient of surface tension, the thermal interface conductance, and the characteristic length scale of the heated zone. (c) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.