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강해순(Jiang Hai Shun)(姜海顺) 원광대학교 법학연구소 2017 圓光法學 Vol.33 No.2
Adoption system is a system through the legal procedures to make people who between the bloodless relationship to have fictitious blood relations. Chinese adoption system is embodied in the relevant provisions of the Adoption Law, which was enacted in 1991 and amended in 1998. Chinese Adoption system is different from other countries: the legal principles and their contents are focus on the protection of the interests of minors; the legislative model is a model of individual law independent of Family Law; the adoption type is only allowed full adoption of minors under 14 years of age; and strictly limited the age and number of children of the adopter. The main problems with the Chinese adoption system are that, the principle of maximizing the interests of minors is not fully embodied; the requirements of the adopter are too strict; the type of adoption is single; before the adoption, a certain period of adjustment does not given to the parties; and only a formal review is conducted at the time of registration. In the face of social reality of changes in the concept of family and the gradual reduction of the family population, the reform of the adoption system is the historical mission placed in front of us. For the legislative model of adoption system, it should get rid of the shackles of various factors and return to the Civil Law; it should reduce the age requirement of the adopter and removal of the regulations that adopter shall be free of children and only could adopt one child; it should introduced incomplete adoption system, which give full play of adopt that the dual functions of rearing and support ; it should set up a test-adoption system, and strengthen the review of adoption at the same time, so that make adoption system more comprehensive to meet the needs of the times and family development. 收养制度是本无血缘关系的人之间, 通过法定的程序形成拟制血亲关系的制度。中国的收养制度体现在1991年颁布, 经1998年修改的《收养法》的相关规定中。中国收养制度具有区别与其他国家的以下几个方面的特色:立法原则及其内容侧重于保护未成年儿童的利益;立法模式是独立于亲属法的单行法的模式;收养类型是只允许收养未满14周岁以下未成年人的完全收养;对收养人的年龄与子女人数进行了严格的限制。中国收养制度存在的主要问题是:未能完全体现未成年人利益最大化的原则;对收养人的要求过于苛刻;收养的类型单一;收养之前不给予当事人一定的磨合期;登记时只进行形式审查。面对家庭观念变化与家庭人口逐渐减少的社会现实, 改革收养制度是摆在我们面前的历史使命。在收养制度的立法模式上, 应摆脱各种因素的束缚, 将收养制度回归到《民法典》当中;降低收养人的年龄要求的同时取消收养人须无子女和只能收养一名子女的规定;引入不完全收养制度, 充分发挥收养所具有的“抚养”与“赡养”的双重功能;设立试收养制度的同时强化收养的审查力度, 使之成为是适应时代和家庭发展需求的更加完备的收养制度。
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산수자연에 대한 유가적 즐거움 연구-증점(曾點)의 "욕기영귀(浴沂詠歸)"를 중심으로-
강영순 ( Ying Shun Jiang ) 한국미학회 2014 美學 Vol.79 No.-
공자는 부국강병에 예교를 갖춘 이상적인 정치를 펼치겠다는 세 제자의 말에 공감하지 않고 산수자연을 즐기겠다는 증점의 ‘욕기영귀(浴沂詠歸)’에 감탄하며 공감을 표시하였다. 이에 후세의 유학자들은 공자가 증점의 어떤 점에 감탄하고 공감했는지에 대해 여러 가지 해석을 내놓았으며 증점의 인격에 대해서도 ‘광자(狂者)’라 하거나 ‘요순(堯舜)의 기상’이라는 긍정과 부정이 엇갈렸다. 본 논문은 기존연구에서 부정적인 인격자로 지목되었던 증점의 위상을 긍정적으로 재평가하였다. 이를 위해 『논어』에서 언급된 ‘광자’는 ‘과불급’의 ‘과(過)’의 뜻이며 맹자가 증점을 ‘광자’라고 평가한 이유는 증점이 ‘고지인(古之人)’을 숭상하나 실천이 부족한 흠이 있었기 때문이며 이 관점은 주희에 이르러 증점은 ‘요순(堯舜)의 기상’, ‘안회와 더불어 공자의 도를 깨달은 제자’라는 높은 위상으로 바뀌게 되었음을 밝혔다. 또 『논어』의 ‘요산요수(樂山樂水)’ 텍스트 분석과 도연명과 정호의 산수자연 시 분석을 통해 증점의 ‘욕기영귀’의 즐거움은 순전한 산수자연의 즐거움이 아니라 기상이 높은 인격자의 즐거움이며 이 때문에 후세의 유학자들에게 높이 평가되었음을 밝혔다. 曾點的‘浴沂詠歸’是在≪論語≫裏孔子向子路염有公西華曾點等四弟子問自己的志願之後,所得到的答案. 除了曾點之外其他三位都回答了具有政治性的志願. 曾點却說“浴乎沂,風乎舞雩,詠而歸.” 在此,平生致力於禮敎政治的孔子反而贊同了曾點的‘浴沂詠歸’. 但是, 孟子評價曾點是‘狂者’,接著宋代的朱熹認爲曾點在人格上有狂怪的特點,但是他體會到“聖人之志”,具有“堯舜氣象”. 本文分析了‘狂者’幷不意味著‘狂人’,‘狂者’是‘過不及’之‘過’而已, 曾點被評價爲狂者的原因是得到“聖人之志”而沒有實踐的結果. 朱熹從知志的觀點評價曾點,幷認爲他與顔子一同體會到了孔子的道. 後來儒學家們評價‘浴沂詠歸’與‘顔子之樂’同樣是有志之士在亂世隱居享受山水之樂的形態. 雖然‘浴沂詠歸’幷不直接體現出‘樂山樂水’的比德,但是其中包含著體會到“聖人之志”而具有“堯舜氣象”的儒家理想人格之樂. 由此曾點的‘浴沂詠歸’直接影響了後世儒學家對待自然山水的以道德人格爲前提的審美態度.
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Qian-mei Jiang,Shuai Yu,Xiaofeng Dong,Huai-shun Wang,Jie Hou,Zhi-chao Huang,Zhi-liang Guo,Shou-jiang You,Guo-dong Xiao 대한신경과학회 2022 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.18 No.3
Background and Purpose This study aimed to construct an optimal dynamic nomogram for predicting malignant brain edema (MBE) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients after endovascular thrombectomy (ET). Methods We enrolled AIS patients after ET from May 2017 to April 2021. MBE was defined as a midline shift of >5 mm at the septum pellucidum or pineal gland based on follow-up computed tomography within 5 days after ET. Multivariate logistic regression and LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression were used to construct the nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decisioncurve analysis were used to compare our nomogram with two previous risk models for predicting brain edema after ET. Results MBE developed in 72 (21.9%) of the 329 eligible patients. Our dynamic web-based nomogram (https://successful.shinyapps.io/DynNomapp/) consisted of five parameters: basal cistern effacement, postoperative National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, brain atrophy, hypoattenuation area, and stroke etiology. The nomogram showed good discrimination ability, with a C-index (Harrell’s concordance index) of 0.925 (95% confidence interval=0.890–0.961), and good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, p=0.386). All variables had variance inflation factors of <1.5 and tolerances of >0.7, suggesting no significant collinearity among them. The AUC of our nomogram (0.925) was superior to those of Xiang-liang Chen and colleagues (0.843) and Ming-yang Du and colleagues (0.728). Conclusions Our web-based dynamic nomogram reliably predicted the risk of MBE in AIS patients after ET, and hence is worthy of further evaluation.
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강해순(Hai-Shun JIANG) 한국가족법학회 2011 가족법연구 Vol.25 No.1
Since the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, ‘Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China was promulgated twice in 1950 and 1980. ‘Amendment of Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China‘ was promulgated to solve issues of divorce registration in 2001. From 1955 to 2003, the Chinese Ministry of Civil Affairs promulgated ‘Regulation of Marriage Registration’ and ‘Measures of Marriage Registration’ to formulate detailed requirements and procedures of divorce registration. Facing the increasing trend of Chinese divorce registration, the purposes of this study are to analyze the contents and characteristics of divorce legislationand to find future direction of revising Chinese legislation of divorce registration. The main contents of Chinese current divorce legislation are reflected in ‘Amendment of Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China’ (2001) and ‘Regulation of Marriage Registration’(2003). The divorce registration office is civil affairs division of the people’s government above the county level or village (town). Divorce shall be granted if husband and wife both desire it. Both parties shall apply to the marriage registration office for divorce. The marriage registration office, after clearly establishing that divorce is desired by both parties and that appropriate arrangements have been made for the care of any children and the disposition of property, shall issue the divorce certificates. The divorce registration has the same validity as the divorce proceedings. Divorce registration can guarantee the freedom of divorce and reflects the situation that judgment can not resolve all of the divorce problems, but it also appears disadvantages like ‘disguised divorce’. There are limited rules of divorce like the spouse of a soldier in active military service desires a divorce, the wife who is pregnant or within one year after the birth of a child or within six months after pregnancy suspension, etc. However, the jurists think that Chinese divorce registration is too simple and lack of limited rules. In order to solve the problems of divorce registration, we have faced several challenges in the future. For instance, issuing unified divorce registration reasons and judicial divorce reasons, issuing the consideration period of divorce, establishing the invalid system of divorce registration, etc.
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Jiang, Jian-Tao,Zhang, Lan-Fang,Zhou, Bin,Zhang, Shun-Qun,Li, Shao-Min,Zhang, Wei,Zhang, Jin,Qiao, Zhe,Kong, Ran-Ran,Ma, Yue-Feng,Chen, Sheng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7
Objective: To investigate uPA and VEGF expression in esophageal cancer and relations with tumorous invasion and metastasis. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect uPA and VEGF expression in the normal epithelial tissue of esophageal mucosa and cancer tissue and detect CD34 labeled micrangium and analyze the relationships with clinical pathological features and tumor angiogenesis. Results: Positive rates for uPA and VEGF protein expression were significantly greater in esophageal cancer than normal epithelial tissue (P < 0.05), the two being linked (P <0.05). In addition, uPA and VEGF protein expression of the high microvessel density (MVD) group was significantly lower than in the low MVD group (P < 0.05), with relation to clinical pathological staging, differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In esophageal cancer tissue, uPA and VEGF proteins are overexpressed and promote tumor angiogenesis, indicative of a poor prognosis.
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