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Human life engineering in daily life : Recent trends of mobile support based on human factors
Shun’ichi Doi 대한인간공학회 2010 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.5
Ergonomics (or Human Factors) are applied to make human life convenience and comfort according to precise observation and understanding of human characteristics and functions. In these fields of studies, basic and key technologies have been human centered design towards the improvement of quality of daily life. Living in our home, working in the office and moving in society are all in our daily affairs and life itself. In these circumstances, mobile support for human is one of the great issues in human centered design. To make better designs for driver support, first of all, a precise measurement of behaviors and understanding of the phenomena are also necessary to apply and fit with personal behaviors. In this paper the recent technical trends of driving behavioral analysis are reviewed for driving support systems and, above all, the examples of advanced behavioral analysis are shown for predicting the application for future active safety as well as suggesting the research topics for future development of driving support.
Formulation of Deceleration Behavior of An Expert Driver for Automatic Braking System
Takahiro Wada,Shun’ichi Doi,Naohiko Tsuru,Kazuyoshi Isaji,Hiroshi Kaneko 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
In order to develop more effective automatic braking system or other braking support system, comfort of drivers should be taken into account. In this paper, deceleration behaviors of an expert driver in car following will be formulated as an example of comfortable braking behavior. The difficulty of its formulation is how to extract characteristics of the deceleration behavior. Expert driver’s braking behavior will be formulated using our proposed indices representing driver’s perceptual risk of collision from visual input. It will be shown that smooth deceleration profiles will be uniformly generated with very simple calculation for wide range of approaching conditions. Brake initiation timing will be also modeled by brake judgment line based on the proposed indices.
Influence of scent on car driver stress: Taste in scents, difference o f reaction by sex
Kazuaki Onoue,Takahiro Wada,Shun’ichi Doi,Eiji Kobayashi,Masayuki Karaki,Nozomu Mori 대한인간공학회 2010 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.5
Long term monotonous driving has often been found to decrease the driver’s arousal level and effect perception, cognition and judgment. In this study, seven kinds of scent were used as olfactory stimulation. The influence of scent on the driver’s psychosomatic state was examined using a fixed-based driving simulator by through biological measurements including electrocardiogram. Taste in scents is so individual that blood flow of brain activity is measured in order to estimate the reaction of scent on the subject. As for brain activity of olfactory cortex, the multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (MNIRS) has been shown to enable the evaluation of changes in hemodynamic. The MNIRS was also used to monitor the activity of the frontal cortex as mirrored by hemodynamic responses subjected to olfactory stimulation. The experiments were executed for several female and male subjects. The difference of reaction by sex is also observed.
Modeling of Driver Steering Behavior in Lateral Wind toward Driver Assistance System
Yoshinori Kurata,Norimasa Kamiji,Takahiro Wada,Shun’ichi Doi 한국자동차공학회 2008 한국자동차공학회 Symposium Vol.2008 No.9
Disturbances decrease vehicle stability and increase driver’s mental and physical workload. Especially, lateral wind increases driver’s workload greatly, because driver cannot expect it. Various driver assistance systems by steering assist have been developed to improve vehicle stability in such disturbance. Gap between vehicle motion and driver’s motion recognition characteristics, however, often leads to uncomfortable feeling in driver assistance system with steering assist. Thus, this study aims to develop more comfortable driver assistance system in lateral wind disturbance by studying relationship between driver’s motion recognition characteristics and driving behavior against disturbance. First, the driver’s posture change, the head movement and the corrective steering behavior were measured under various lateral wind conditions utilizing a driving simulator with one dof motion in lateral direction. As the results, strong correlation was found between driver’s head lateral jerk by lateral disturbance and angular acceleration of steering wheel. Then, we build a driver’s steering model against lateral disturbance based on the experimental results. Finally, validity of the proposed model is shown by comparing the steering angle of experimental results and that of simulation results.
Analysis of Head Tilt Strategy of Car Drivers
Satoru Fujisawa,Takahiro Wada,Norimasa Kamiji,Shun"ichi Doi 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
Car drivers receive the acceleration stimulation and the rotational stimulation when negotiating with a curve.In such a situation, the driver controls his/her posture such as the head and the body appropriately. It is known that the driver tilts his/her head to the direction of the curve turns. In this research, the driver’s head tilt strategy in roll direction is investigated for understanding of comfortable vehicle motion. From the experimental results with a real car, high correlation is found between vehicle lateral acceleration and the driver’s head roll angle. In addition, relationship between the vehicle roll angle and the driver"s head movement is investigated in the experiment with a driving simulatorwith 1 dof motion in the roll axis. It is found that the driver adjusts his head based on the roll of the car.
Analysis of Driver's Head Movement by Motion Sickness Model
Hiroyuki Konno,Satoru Fujisawa,Katsuya Imaizumi,Takahiro Wada,Norimasa Kamiji,Shun’ichi Doi 대한인간공학회 2010 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.5
Driver receives the acceleration and the rotational stimulations when negotiating with a curve. In such a situation, the driver controls his/her posture such as the head and the body appropriately. Beside, it is pointed out that the head movement of the passenger is opposite to the driver. Moreover, by the fact that the driver does not get carsickness comparing with the passenger, it is suggested that the driver's head movement may be related to the decrease of carsickness and improvement of the ride comfort. Therefore, we build the mathematical model of the motion sickness and investigated the relationship between the head movement and the motion sickness incidence. In addition, we simulate motion sickness incidence using driver’s head movements measured in the experiments with a real car. From the result, it is shown that the head tilt movement of the drivers has an effect to decrease the motion sickness.
Seunghee Hong,Seiya Harada,Kazuaki Onoue,Byungchan Min,Keisuke Suzuki,Shun'ichi Doi 대한인간공학회 2012 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.5
A major cause of traffic accidents has been found in the human factors involved in driver's awareness during driving, and the effect of alarm was reported as the increase of awareness and the improving effect for property of perception, cognition and judgment of the driver. The arousal stimulus for driver by auditory-visual alert also affects to the physiological condition and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Recent developments in multi near-infrared spectroscopy (MNIRS) have enabled the arousal level apparent with brain activity by measurement of hemoglobin concentrations as cerebral blood volume, as well as the ordinary biological signals like heart beats, finger plethysmogram and pulsation waves. In this study, the three kinds of auditory alert as pre-information, sound alert and voice guidance were used for adaptive assisting systems for the elderly driver and the influence of these alerts on the driver's psychosomatic state was examined using driving simulator for 30 minutes driving. Experiment was conducted with the subjects in a driving position as they were partially awakened by auditory-visual alert, repeatedly and measured their biological properties. As the results, after taking the effects of the adaptive assisting alert systems, the effect of arousal and awareness improvement was recognized in the subjects and the activation of cerebral blood volume was observed according to the amount of the stimulus and combination of awareness modal as auditory alert system.
Cheol-Kee Min,Doo-Hwan Ji,Soon-Cheol Chung,Jin-Kyu Kang,Seunghee Hong,Shun'ichi Doi,Byung-Chan Min 대한인간공학회 2012 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.5
In this study, it was observed how the supply of highly concentrated oxygen(40%) could affect HR while performing the addition tasks in a vehicle graphic simulator. The subjects of this study were 17 males in their twenties, and the addition tasks were performed in oxygen concentration(21%, 40%). For the performance of double-digit addition tasks in the straight course of two-lane road, its data was extracted by 30sec section from the start of the task and was analyzed. The test was proceeded in the order of Control (5min), Driving (2min), Driving + Task (1min), and Rest (10min). As a result of analyzing HR, there was a significant difference (p<0.01) between 21% oxygen concentration and 40% oxygen concentration, and HR increased during 21% oxygen concentration. Also, the significant difference between stimuli(Control, Driving, Driving+Task) was recognized, and as a result of the posteriori test, compared with Control, HR increased in Driving+Task, showing a significant difference(p<0.01). That is, the sympathetic nerve of the drivers were activated while performing the addition tasks during driving performance. Especially, when highly concentrated oxygen(40%) was presented, HR reduced. And thus, it was found out that highly concentrated oxygen(40%) had a positive effect on performing addition tasks while driving.