Rapid and Efficient Detection of 16SrI Group Areca Palm Yellow Leaf Phytoplasma in China by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

Shao-shuai Yu,Hai-yan Che,Sheng-jie Wang,Cai-li Lin,Ming-xing Lin,Wei-wei Song,Qing-hua Tang,Wei Yan,Wei-quan Qin 한국식물병리학회 2020 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.36 No.5

Areca palm yellow leaf (AYL) disease caused by the 16SrI group phytoplasma is a serious threat to the development of the Areca palm industry in China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence was utilized to establish a rapid and efficient detection system efficient for the 16SrI-B subgroup AYL phytoplasma in China by loopmediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The results showed that two sets of LAMP detection primers, 16SrDNA-2 and 16SrDNA-3, were efficient for 16SrIB subgroup AYL phytoplasma in China, with positive results appearing under reaction conditions of 64oC for 40 min. The lowest detection limit for the two LAMP detection assays was the same at 200 ag/μl, namely approximately 53 copies/μl of the target fragments. Phytoplasma was detected in all AYL disease samples from Baoting, Tunchang, and Wanning counties in Hainan province using the two sets of LAMP primers 16SrDNA-2 and 16SrDNA-3, whereas no phytoplasma was detected in the negative control. The LAMP method established in this study with comparatively high sensitivity and stability, provides reliable results that could be visually detected, making it suitable for application and research in rapid diagnosis of AYL disease, detection of seedlings with the pathogen and breeding of diseaseresistant Areca palm varieties.

魯迅早期"個人思想"的來源及其現代意義

Shao Hua Wei 퇴계학부산연구원 2008 退溪學論叢 Vol.14 No.-

It seems that there's no connection to the Tui-xi academic conference to talk about Lu Xun, as for this, I'd like to make a little bit defence. As the most profound and bardian modern enlightenment thinker, Lu Xun's thought has a close connection to the cultural transformation of China from tradition to modern. However, this kind of transformational so happened in Korea and Japan, It can be even claimed that today's Eastern Asia is the right outcome of this transformation. Thus, Lu Xun, who thought about the problems of China, has a great significance for the EasternAsia. While his early thought of individual condensed thought of western advancement, which is also the thought of cultural deficiency of Chinese traditional culture. It seems that he has found the secrets of Western richness and strong and China's backwardness. Lu Xun thought that the advancement of the West due to its respect on individuals, what was just lacked in China, therefore, hetreated "respect individuals" as the effective prescription to save the nation. Fu Zeyujiin Japanal so holds that "what the East lacks are two points, one is materially math and science, and the other is invisibly independent mind". In my opinion, this point of view is also applicable in Korea. From the beginning of 15th century to the middle of 16th century, "Tui-xism", having integrated al lthe excellence of Zhu Xi's philosophy, came into for that the time when Zhu Xi's philosophy reach edits high est splend or in the "Period of Li Dynasty" in Korea. This had been deeply affected Korean people's soul. Professor Jin Rikunin, Pusan University, claims that "Confucian is mis the most predominant traditional culture in Japanand Korea, and is still being develop das order sand principles." But there appeared introspection current in modern Korea . After the late 19th century, the enlightenment thoughts in modern west influenced Korea greatly, Shen Caihao(1880-1936), the contemporary with Lu Xun, accepted the Evolution Theory of Darwinand put forward "thoughts of Personality Equality". From then on, besides traditional thoughts, modern thoughts appeared as the introspection or even doubt of traditional thoughts. Lu Xun is one of such modern thinkers. Lu Xun is one of the earliest who has sensitively touched the root of western thoughts among Chinese intellectuals in the 20th century. respect individuals became the core prescription for him to health illness of China. Liang Qichao, who is older than Lu Xun, is also one of the earliest Chinese, who has dabbled modern thoughts of the West. But the differences between them are that Liang strongly preaches thoughts of nation and debases thoughts of individual, and he also views that the origin of China's backwardness is "deficiency of public morality" of the people, China desperately needs "nationalism" to find a foot hold in the world. He emphasizes "group freedom" and disregards "individual independence". While in 1908, in <On Cultural Bigotry>, Lu Xun pointed that "Hereby, the initial thing for survival and competition with other countries and participating world affairs is to respect and support individuals, then other business can be started after that; as for its way, that must be respecting and developing individuality and personality." What's Lu Xun different from Liang Qichao is that he definitely put forward "supporting individuals and elbowing crowds." When he studied aboard in Japan, he had been affected by Nietzsche and Stirner's "thought of individual". Individual was not considered as a part of a group, but self-sensed as "existence of individual". According to thoughts of YiTenghuwan, "there lation between individual and group is not as the relation of part and whole". That is to say, one's value can only be displayed as long as he achieves true individual independence. He also holds that the proposition of "individual" represents the "root and base" of western modern culture. According to him, Lu Xun' sunder standing and acceptance of we stern modern thoughts are the right grasp of this kind of "root and base." There is no doubt that Lu Xun's such value orientation was influenced by Japanese cultural current at that time. In the middle of the 19th century, British and French philosophy, emphasizing politics, sociology and economics, were popular in Japan. This current had great effecton Lu Xun, he had transferred his interest tosurvival of individuals. He put forward abrand-newnation-saving proposal that is completely different with Westernization is ts, Reform is ts and Revolutionary group. Lu Xun's early "thought of individual" was advocated earlier than that of new culture movement. Chen Duxiu, Zhou Zuoren, Hu Shi ect all emphasize the importance of individuals. Chen thinks that "western nations focus on, while eastern nations support family departmentalism", "western countries are completely nations of individualism in all ages. "While the variety phenomena of beggary, illegitimacy and declination all due to lack of individualism", "to change this situation, individualism should be supported, and families as the standard should be changed." Zhou mentions that "individualism should be the central standard of the world". Hu advocates "perfect and wholesome individualism", "individuals should fully developed their own talents and personalities", "the most devil of the society is to devastate individual's personality". No matter what divergence exists among illuminati of May Fourth generation, the advocation of "individualism" are consistent. However, the "thought of individual" advocated by Lu Xun and other modern intellectuals are shadowed several times in the following nearly a century's history, which led to the misunderstanding of individualism for a long time, even be treated as"misleading and harmful egoism". Individualism is not only the concern about the thought itself, but also the developing drive of society, economy and culture of modern society. China has achieved great acc

Immobilization of lipase onto aminopropyl-functionalized MSU-H type mesoporous silica and esterification

Wei Hua Yu,Han Bin Zhao,Dong Shen Tong,Chun Hui Zhou,Ping Shao 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.8

Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) was immobilized on an aminopropyl-functionalized MSU-H type mesoporous silica (AFMS) through physical adsorption and a covalent cross-linking. It was evaluated as a class of biocatalysts in the esterification of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers with ethanol. AFMS materials with varied content of aminopropyl were prepared by a simple co-condensation at near neutral pH condition. Introduction of aminopropyl chains and CRL molecules onto the AFMS supports was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra. CRL was immobilized on the AFMS through electrostatic and covalent interactions. The covalently cross-linked CRL gave a loading amount of 34.3mg CRL/g-support and a hydrolytic activity of 2471.5U/g-catalyst. It exhibited high operational stability and remained 23.9-27.5% of total esterification in 32 h consecutive four runs in the esterification of CLA with ethanol. Moreover, the immobilized CRLs catalyzed 2.8-3.8 times of esterification of cis-(c)9, trans-(t)11- CLA faster than that of t10, c12-CLA.

Intranasal Oxytocin Increases Perceptual Salience of Faces in the Absence of Awareness

Shao-Wei Xue,Hua-Bo Wu,Lanhua Zhang,De-Xuan Zhang 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.4

Objective The neuropeptide oxytocin has been found to improve human social cognition and promote prosocial behavior. However, it is still unclear about the mechanisms underlying these effects of oxytocin on neural processes, such as visual perception and awareness. Especially, it is still unclear whether oxytocin influences perceptual salience of social stimuli in the absence of awareness. Methods In a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial we applied an interocular suppression paradigm and eye tracking methods to investigate the influence of intranasally administered oxytocin on perceptual salience of social stimuli. Suppression times and pupillometric data were measured during subjects being presented with gradually introduced pictures of social stimuli (neutral expression faces) or nonsocial stimuli (grayscale watch pictures) that were suppressed and invisible in 10 men who were administered 24 IU oxytocin and 10 men who were administered a placebo. Results The results demonstrated that the oxytocin group perceived social stimuli more quickly accompanied by subsequent larger increasing pupil diameter than nonsocial stimuli, indicating an increased unconscious salience of social stimuli. Conclusion These findings provided new insights into oxytocin’s modulatory role to social information processing, suggesting that oxytocin might enhance attentional bias to social stimuli even after removal of awareness.

Expression of β-tubulin III and Survivin in Advance Stage Breast Cancer Correlates with Chemotheraputic Effects of Docetaxel

Yuan, Shao-Fei,Zhu, Lin-Jia,Zheng, Wei-E,Chen, Hua,Wu, Li-Li,Zhang, Wu,Sun, Hong-Yu,Chen, Wen-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1

Aims: To investigate the relationship between the expression of ${\beta}$-tubulin III and survivin in advanced breast cancers and chemotherapeutic effects of docetaxel. Methods: Clinical pathological data of 74 patients with advanced breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed after docetaxel chemotherapy. Expression of ${\beta}$-tubulin III and survivin was assessed by immunohistochemistry and analyzed with reference to therapeutical and adverse effects of docetaxel. Results: The positive expression rate of ${\beta}$-tubulin III was 38.1% (32/84), while that of survivin was 76.2% (64/84). The effective rate (complete response + partial response) was 52.4%. That for patients with the positive expression of ${\beta}$-tubulin III or/and survivin was significantly lower than for those with negative expression (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the non-progression of median diseases, 1-year and 2-year survival rates of between the patients with positive and negative expression (P<0.05). The main side effects were myelosuppression, alimentary canal response and alopecie, no differences being observed between groups. Conclusions: The combined detection of ${\beta}$-tubulin III and survivin is a predictive index for chemotherapy effects of docetaxel in metastatic breast cancer.

Selective and Full Derivatization of Amino Group in Chitosan with Alkyl Chloroformate of Low Stereo-Hindrance

Zi-Wei Feng,Shao-Hua Huang,Wei Chen,Zheng-Wu Bai 한국고분자학회 2016 Macromolecular Research Vol.24 No.7

Effects of Monoclonal Antibodies against Human Stathmin Combined with Paclitaxel on Proliferation of the QG-56 Human Lung Carcinoma Cell Line

Yuan, Shao-Fei,Chen, Wen-Jun,Zhu, Lin-Jia,Zheng, Wei-E.,Chen, Hua,Xiong, Jian-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6

Objective: To explore whether monoclonal antibodies against stathmin and the chemotherapuetic agent paclitaxel have synergenic effects in inhibiting growth and inducing apoptosis in human QG-56 cells. Methods: QG-56 cells were treated with monoclonal antibodies against stathmin or paclitaxel alone or in combination, with untreated cells used as controls. After 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours the cell growth condition was observed under an inverted microscope and inhibition was studied by MTT assay; apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: The populations decreased and cell shape and size changed after the various treatments. Monoclonal antibodies against stathmin and paclitaxel used alone or incombination inhibited the proliferation of QG-56 cells, especially in combination with synergism (P<0.05). Combined treatment also resulted in a significantly higher apoptosis rate than in the other groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Monoclonal antibodies against stathmin and paclitaxel used alone or in combination can inhibit proliferation of QG-56 cells and induce apoptosis when applied together. The observed synergistic effects may have important implications for clinical application.

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor attenuates kidney injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Liu, Wei Jing,Xie, Shu Hua,Liu, Yu Ning,Kim, Won,Jin, Heung Yong,Park, Sung Kwang,Shao, Yi Ming,Park, Tae Sun Williams Wilkins 2012 The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Thera Vol.340 No.2

<P>Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) IV inhibitors are probably beneficial for preventing diabetic complication and modulating glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) expression. The aim of this study was to determine whether the DPP IV inhibitor LAF237 (vildagliptin) has renoprotective qualities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetic and nondiabetic rats were treated with an oral dose of 4 or 8 mg/kg/day LAF237 or placebo for 24 weeks, and renal injury was observed by light and electron microscopy. We also assessed DPP IV activity, active GLP-1 level, cAMP and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine excretion, and GLP-1R, cleaved caspase 3, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression. LAF237 significantly decreased proteinuria, albuminuria, and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, improved creatinine clearance, and dose-dependently inhibited interstitial expansion, glomerulosclerosis, and the thickening of the glomerular basement membrane in diabetic rats. It is noteworthy that LAF237 markedly down-regulated DPP IV activity and increased active GLP-1 levels, which probably prevented oxidative DNA damage and renal cell apoptosis by activating the GLP-1R and modulating cAMP. Renoprotection was also associated with a reduction in TGF-β1 overexpression. Our study suggests that DPP IV inhibitors may ameliorate diabetic nephropathy as well as reduce the overproduction of TGF-β1. The observed renoprotection is probably attributable to inhibition of DPP IV activity, mimicking of incretin action, and activation of the GLP-1R.</P>

Expression of Transcription Factor FOXC2 in Cervical Cancer and Effects of Silencing on Cervical Cancer Cell Proliferation

Zheng, Chun-Hua,Quan, Yuan,Li, Yi-Yang,Deng, Wei-Guo,Shao, Wen-Jing,Fu, Yan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.4

Objective: Forkhead box C2 (FOXC2) is a member of the winged helix/forkhead box (Fox) family of transcription factors. It has been suggested to regulate tumor vasculature, growth, invasion and metastasis, although it has not been studied in cervical cancer. Here, we analyzed FOXC2 expression in cervical tissues corresponding to different stages of cervical cancer development and examined its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics. In addition, we examined the effects of targeting FOXC2 on the biological behavior of human cervical cancer cells. Methods: The expression of FOXC2 in normal human cervix, CIN I-III and cervical cancer was examined by immunohistochemistry and compared among the three groups and between cervical cancers with different pathological subtypes. Endogenous expression of FOXC2 was transiently knocked down in human Hela and SiHa cervical cells by siRNA, and cell viability and migration were examined by scratch and CCK8 assays, respectively. Results: In normal cervical tissue the frequency of positive staining was 25% (10/40 cases), with a staining intensity (PI) of $0.297{\pm}0.520$, in CIN was 65% (26/40cases), with a PI of $3.00{\pm}3.29$, and in cancer was 91.8% (68/74 cases), with a PI of $5.568 {\pm}3.449$. The frequency was 100% in adenocarcinoma (5/5 cases) and 91.3% in SCCs (63/69 cases). The FOXC2 positive expression rate was 88.5% in patients with cervical SCC stage I and 100% in stage II, showing significant differences compared with normal cervix and CIN. With age, pathologic differentiation degree and tumor size, FOXC2 expression showed no significant variation. On transient transfection of Hela and SiHa cells, FOXC2-siRNA inhibition rates were 76.2% and 75.7%; CCK8 results showed reduced proliferation and relative migration (in Hela cells from $64.5{\pm}3.16$ to $49.5{\pm}9.24$ and in SiHa cells from $60.1{\pm}3.05$ to $44.3{\pm}3.98$) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: FOXC2 gene expression increases with malignancy, especially with blood vessel hyperplasia and invasion degree. Targeted silencing was associated with reduced cell proliferation as well as invasion potential.

Structure and Performances of xLiFePO4/C·(1 − x)Li3V2(PO4)3/C Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Using Poly(vinyl alcohol) as Carbon Source

Chang-ling Fan,Wei-hua Zhang,Tao-tao Zeng,Ling-fang Li,Xiang Zhang,Shao-chang Han 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.11

Poly(vinyl alcohol), whose pyrolysis carbon possesses high conductivity of 8.88 × 10−1 S/cm, was used to synthesize xLiFePO4/C·(1 − x)Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode. It was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, conductivity, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic charge and discharge experiments. Results show that LiFePO4/C and Li3V2(PO4)3/C coexists in the cathode. The particles sizes of 0.75LiFePO4/C·0.25Li3V2(PO4)3/C (x = 0.75) are much smaller than 100 nm due to the role of poly(vinyl alcohol). Its conductivity is 8.79 × 10−2 S/cm. The oxidative and reductive peaks in cyclic voltammetry are sharp and symmetrical. Their low potential gaps indicate that the extractions and insertions of lithium ion possess excellent reversibility. Its discharge capacities at 1 and 5 C are 141.1 and 100.1 mAh/g. The more Li3V2(PO4)3/C in cathode results in the deterioration of electrochemical performances due to its low theoretical capacity. It is concluded that poly(vinyl alcohol) is an effective carbon source in the preparation of xLiFePO4/C·(1 − x)Li3V2(PO4)3/C composite cathode with excellent performances.