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Antifibrotic Effect of Curcumin in TGF-β1-Induced Myofibroblasts from Human Oral Mucosa
Zhang, Shan-Shan,Gong, Zhao-Jian,Li, Wen-Hui,Wang, Xiao,Ling, Tian-You Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1
Background: Myofibroblasts play an important role in the development of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). In the current study, we investigate the effect of curcumin on growth and apoptosis of myofibroblasts derived from human oral mucosa. Methods: Myofibroblasts were generated by incubating fibroblasts, obtained from human oral mucosa, with transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$). MTT, PI staining, and FACS assays were used to investigate curcumin's effect on proliferation and cell cycle of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Annexin V/PI binding and FACS assays were used to examine apoptosis of myofibroblasts, Western blotting to determine the levels of Bcl-2 and Bax, and enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay was employed to examine the levels of collagen type I and III in the supernatants of myofibroblasts. Results: Curcumin inhibits proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts; it also disturbs the cell cycle, induces apoptosis and decreases the generation of collagen type I and III in myofibroblasts, which are more sensitive to its effects than fibroblasts. Curcumin induces apoptosis in myofibroblasts by down-regulating the Bcl-2/ Bax ratio. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the antifibrotic effect of curcumin in vitro. It may therefore be a candidate for the treatment of OSF.
Flowering and flowering genes: from model plants to orchids
Shan-Li Wang,Hye Ryun An,Chii-Gong Tong,Seonghoe Jang 한국원예학회 2021 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.62 No.2
Floral transition in model plants including Arabidopsis and rice has been studied extensively through molecular geneticapproaches. Many genetic factors in diff erent fl owering pathways, which depend mainly on photoperiod, vernalization,autonomous and ambient temperature are regulated coordinately to control fl oral induction. However, for the ornamentalplants orchids, the molecular mechanisms underlying the fl oral transition are still unclear. Recently, genes with potentialfl owering-related functions have been identifi ed in diff erent orchid species and their functional roles have also been characterized/examined using homologous or heterologous systems. In this review, we summarize the molecular networks offl owering genes and their regulation as revealed in model plants such as Arabidopsis and rice, and also describe the recentdiscoveries/studies on fl owering genes in several commercially representative orchid species providing a perspective onorchid fl owering research. In addition, our recent results through transgenic approaches with ectopic expression of Hd3a , arice fl origen gene for the induction of precocious fl owering in Phalaenopsis orchids are also discussed.
Yujie Wang,Shan Xu,Lidan Tang,Jinhong Gong,Dan Su,Hao Yang 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.10
The global prevalence of diabetes and its related complications has increased drastically and is currently aworldwide health challenge. There is still an urgent need for safe and effective natural products and supplements as alternativeand/or adjunctive therapeutic interventions. Nowadays, people pay more and more attention to the nutritional and medicinalvalue of food ingredients. As one of the most widely employed spices in cooking, pepper also has novel medicinal valuesattributed to its main component, piperine (Pip). Pip is an amide alkaloid with pleiotropic properties such as antiinflammatory,antioxidant, anti-cancer, and other related activities. Recently, Pip has received increasing scientific attentiondue to its antidiabetic and related complication properties. However, the values of existing studies are limited due to beingscattered and unsystematic. The present study reviewed the therapeutic potential and possible mechanisms of Pip in diabetesand related complications, with the aim of providing promising candidates for the development of novel and effectivealternative and/or adjunctive nutraceutical agents for the management of diabetes.
Down-regulation of miRNA-452 is Associated with Adriamycin-resistance in Breast Cancer Cells
Hu, Qing,Gong, Jian-Ping,Li, Jian,Zhong, Shan-Liang,Chen, Wei-Xian,Zhang, Jun-Ying,Ma, Teng-Fei,Ji, Hao,Lv, Meng-Meng,Zhao, Jian-Hua,Tang, Jin-Hai Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.13
Adriamycin (ADR) is an important chemotherapeutic agent frequently used in treatment of breast cancer. However, resistance to ADR results in treatment failure in many patients. Recent studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) may play an important role in such drug-resistance. In the present study, microRNA-452 (miR-452) was found to be significantly down-regulated in adriamycin-resistant MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/ADR) compared with the parental MCF-7 cells by miRNA microarray and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). MiR-452 mimics and inhibitors partially changed the adriamycin-resistance of breast cancer cells, as also confirmed by apoptosis assay. In exploring the potential mechanisms of miR-452 in the adriamycin-resistance of breast cancer cells, bioinformatics analysis, RT-qPCR and Western blotting showed that dysregulation of miR-452 played an important role in the acquired adriamycin-resistance of breast cancer, maybe at least in part via targeting insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R).
Feng, Xiao-Shan,Yang, Yan-Tong,Gao, She-Gan,Ru, Yi,Wang, Gong-Ping,Zhou, Bo,Wang, Yu-Feng,Zhang, Peng-Fei,Li, Pu-Yu,Liu, Yong-Xuan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5
Objective: To establish the prevalence and distribution profile of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) over a 22-yr period in North China. Methods: Using endoscopy for primary diagnosis and histological analysis for the further confirmation, a total of 74,854 ESCC patients aged 20-89 between January 1985 and December 2006 were investigated to analyze the epidemiological profile including prevalence rates, distribution of age-of-onset, gender and geographical area of ESCC in Luoyang, the highest incidence area of North China. Results: A total of 4092 cases of ESCC were finally diagnosed among 74,854 patients who had their first endoscopies. The prevalence among males was higher than that among females (p<0.01), resulting in an overall male:female OR of 1.2 (95%CI, 1.2-1.3). The prevalence in rural areas was higher than in urban areas (p<0.01), resulting in an overall rural:urban OR of 2.6 (95%CI, 2.4-2.9). The rural:urban ORs and the 95% CI increased continuously from 2.6, 2.3-3.0 to 2.7, 2.2-3.3, respectively, for 4 consecutive periods during the 22-yr study period. Moreover, the median age of onset among females was higher than that among males (p<0.01). For both sexes and in both areas, the prevalence rates declined and the median age of onset rose for 4 consecutive periods in the 22-yrs time frame (p<0.01). Conculsions: These data reveal the epidemiological profile of ESCC in the area of North China, and suggest that urban areas and rural people account for a growing proportion of the ESCC patients although the prevalence of ESCC significantly declined and the median age-of-onset postponed over the 22-yrs period. Moreover, the prevalence status of ESCC in rural areas also underlines the need for public health initiatives aimed at reducing risk factors of this fatal disease.