Frequency of Chromosomal Abnormalities in Pakistani Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Shaikh, Muhammad Shariq,Adil, Salman Naseem,Shaikh, Mohammad Usman,Khurshid, Mohammad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.21

Background: The difference in prognosis of adult and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can be attributed largely to variation in cytogenetic abnormalities with age groups. Cytogenetic analysis in acute leukemia is now routinely used to assist patient management, particularly in terms of diagnosis, disease monitoring, prognosis and risk stratification. Knowing about cytogenetic profile at the time of diagnosis is important in order to take critical decisions in management of the patients. Aim and Objectives: To determine the frequency of cytogenetic abnormalities in Pakistani adult patients with ALL in order to have insights regarding behavior of the disease. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of all the cases of ALL (${\geq}15$years old) diagnosed at Aga Khan University from January 2006 to June 2014 was performed. Phenotype (B/T lineage) was confirmed in all cases by flow cytometry. Cytogenetic analysis was made for all cases using the trypsin-Giemsa banding technique. Karyotypes were interpreted using the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISCN) criteria. Results: A total of 166 patients were diagnosed as ALL during the study period, of which 151 samples successfully yielded metaphase chromosomes. The male to female ratio was 3.4:1. The majority (n=120, 72.3%) had a B-cell phenotype. A normal karyotype was present in 51% (n=77) of the cases whereas 49% (n=74) had an abnormal karyotype. Of the abnormal cases, 10% showed Philadelphia chromosome; t(9;22)(q34;q11.2). Other poor prognostic cytogenetic subgroups were t(4;11)(q21;q23), hypodiploidy (35-45 chromosomes) and complex karyotype. Hyperdiploidy (47-57 chromosomes) occurred in 6.6%; all of whom were younger than 30 years. Conclusions: This study showed a relatively low prevalence of Philadelphia chromosome in Pakistani adults with ALL with an increase in frequency with age (p=0.003). The cumulative prevalence of Philadelphianegative poor cytogenetic aberrations in different age groups was not significant (p=0.6).

Symmetric supercapacitor: Sulphurized graphene and ionic liquid

Shaikh, Jasmin S.,Shaikh, Navajsharif S.,Kharade, Rohini,Beknalkar, Sonali A.,Patil, Jyoti V.,Suryawanshi, Mahesh P.,Kanjanaboos, Pongsakorn,Hong, Chang Kook,Kim, Jin Hyeok,Patil, Pramod S. Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE - Vol.527 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Symmetric supercapacitor is advanced over simple supercapacitor device due to their stability over a large potential window and high energy density. Graphene is a desired candidate for supercapacitor application since it has a high surface area, good electronic conductivity and high electro chemical stability. There is a pragmatic use of ionic liquid electrolyte for supercapacitor due to its stability over a large potential window, good ionic conductivity and eco-friendly nature. For high performance supercapacitor, the interaction between ionic liquid electrolyte and graphene are crucial for better charge transportation. In respect of this, a three-dimensional (3D) nanoporous honeycomb shaped sulfur embedded graphene (S-graphene) has been synthesized by simple chemical method. Here, the fabrication of high performance symmetric supercapacitor is done by using S-graphene as an electrode and [BMIM-PF<SUB>6</SUB>] as an electrolyte. The particular architecture of S-graphene benefited to reduce the ion diffusion resistance, providing the large surface area for charge transportation and efficient charge storage. The S-graphene and ionic liquid-based symmetric supercapacitor device showed the large potential window of 3.2 V with high energy density 124 Wh kg<SUP>−1</SUP> at 0.2 A g<SUP>−1</SUP> constant applied current density. Furthermore, this device shows good cycling performance (stability) with a capacitive retention of 95% over 20,000 cycles at a higher current density of 2 A g<SUP>−1</SUP>.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Security Completeness Problem in Wireless Sensor Networks

Shaikh, Riaz Ahmed,Lee, Sungyoung,Albeshri, Aiiad AUTOSOFT PRESS 2015 INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION AND SOFT COMPUTING Vol.21 No.2

<P>With the emergence of wireless sensor networks and its usage in sensitive monitoring and tracking applications, the need of ensuring complete security is gaining more importance than ever before. Complete security can only be ensured by adding privacy, cryptographic-based security and trust management aspects in a security solution. However, integration of all these three aspects in a single solution for resource constraints wireless sensor networks is not trivial. Current research intensively focuses on all these three aspects in an isolated manner. To the best of our knowledge, we have not found any work in the literature that comprehensively discusses: how these various privacy, security and trust solutions work together? In this work, we have made the first step towards this direction and to show how integration of various privacy, security and trust solutions can be performed in a single solution in step-by-step manner.</P>

SOME RESULTS ON (LCS)_n-MANIFOLDS

Shaikh, Absos Ali Korean Mathematical Society 2009 대한수학회지 Vol.46 No.3

The object of the present paper is to study $(LCS)_n$-manifolds. Several interesting results on a $(LCS)_n$-manifold are obtained. Also the generalized Ricci recurrent $(LCS)_n$-manifolds are studied. The existence of such a manifold is ensured by several non-trivial new examples.

Effect of micro-silica on mechanical and durability properties of high volume fly ash recycled aggregate concretes (HVFA-RAC)

Shaikh, Faiz,Kerai, Sachin,Kerai, Shailesh Techno-Press 2015 Advances in concrete construction Vol.3 No.4

This paper presents the effect of different micro-silica (MS) contents of 5, 10 and 15 wt.% as partial replacement of cement on mechanical and durability properties of high volume fly ash - recycled aggregate concretes (HVFA-RAC) containing 50% class F fly ash (FA) and 35% recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) as partial replacement of cement and natural coarse aggregate (NCA), respectively. The measured mechanical and durability properties are compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, elastic modulus, drying shrinkage, water sorptivity and chloride permeability. The effects of different curing ages of 7, 28, 56 and 91 days on above properties are also considered in this study. The results show that the addition of MS up to 10% improved the early age (7 days) strength properties of HVFA-RAC, however, at later ages (e.g. 28-91 days) the above mechanical properties are improved for all MS contents. The 5% MS exhibited the best performance among all MS contents for all mechanical properties of HVFA-RAC. In the case of measured durability properties, mix results are obtained, where 10% and 5% MS exhibited the lowest sorptivity and drying shrinkage, respectively at all ages. However, in the case of chloride ion permeability a decreasing trend is observed with increase in MS contents and curing ages. Strong correlations of indirect tensile strength and modulus of elasticity with square root of compressive strength are also observed in HVFA-RAC. Nevertheless, it is established in this study that MS contributes to the sustainability of HVFA-RAC significantly by improving the mechanical and durability properties of concrete containing 50%less cement and 35% less natural coarse aggregates.

Zingiber officinale Rosc.: A traditional herb with medicinal properties

Shaikh Imtiyaz,Khaleequr Rahman,Arshiya Sultana,Mohd Tariq,Shahid Shah Chaudhary 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2013 TANG Vol.3 No.4

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) belonging to the family Zingiberaceae is a perennial herb. It is widely distributed in tropical Asia. In India, it is cultivated mainly in Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Maharashtra. It is one of the most common spices, which is in use since centuries for its versatile medicinal actions like antiemetic, stomachic, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, aphrodisiac etc in traditional system of medicine (Unani, Ayurveda, and Chinese medicine). It is useful for the treatment of various gastrointestinal, pulmonary, cardiovascular and sexual disorders. The phytochemical study of ginger showed the presence of many volatile oils and oleo-resins like gingerol, zingerone, zingiberol etc. Numerous experimental and clinical trials have proven ginger for its range of therapeutic activities such as antibacterial, antidiabetic, antiemetic, hypolipidaemic, hepatoprotective etc properties. The present article aims to explore traditional Unani and pharmacological activities of this herb reported till date.

Mass scale sugar-mediated green synthesis and DSSCs application of tin oxide nanostructured photoanode: Effect of zinc sulphide layering on charge collection efficiency

Shaikh, S.F.,Mane, R.S.,Joo, O.S. Pergamon Press 2014 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.147 No.-

Table-top (market quality) sugar-mediated green synthesis of tin oxide (SnO<SUB>2</SUB>) spherical nanocrystallites (NCs) of 40-60nm is reported, passivated with 2, 4 and 6 layers (L) of zinc sulphide (ZnS) and envisaged in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). All photoanodes i.e. without and ZnS-passivated SnO<SUB>2</SUB> (SnO<SUB>2</SUB>-ZnS NCs) are characterized for their structure, morphology, optoelectrochemical properties. SnO<SUB>2</SUB>-ZnS NC-electrodes show appreciable DSSCs performance due to an enhanced dye loading capability, light scattering ability, and suppressed recombination rate. The optimized SnO<SUB>2</SUB>-(4L) ZnS NC-photoanode demonstrates 200% enhancement in the power conversion efficiency compared to SnO<SUB>2</SUB> NC-based photoanode. This is due to prolonged transient photovoltage decay and higher charge recombination resistance with a minimized recombination rate of photoelectrons. Mott-Schottky measurements confirm a negative shift in the conduction band position of SnO<SUB>2</SUB>-(4L) ZnS NCs photoanode (0.41V) compared to SnO<SUB>2</SUB> NC-photoanode.

Effect of annealing on the supercapacitor performance of CuO-PAA/CNT films

Shaikh, J. S.,Pawar, R. C.,Mali, S. S.,Moholkar, A. V.,Kim, J. H.,Patil, P. S. Springer Science + Business Media 2012 Journal of solid state electrochemistry Vol.16 No.1

Compressive strength and failure behaviour of fibre reinforced concrete at elevated temperatures

Shaikh, F.U.A.,Taweel, M. Techno-Press 2015 Advances in concrete construction Vol.3 No.4

This paper presents the effects of elevated temperatures of $400^{\circ}C$ and $800^{\circ}C$ on the residual compressive strength and failure behaviour of fibre reinforced concretes and comparison is made with that of unreinforced control concrete. Two types of short fibres are used in this study e.g., steel and basalt fibres. The results show that the residual compressive strength capacity of steel fibre reinforced concrete is higher than unreinforced concrete at both elevated temperatures. The basalt fibre reinforced concrete, on the other hand, showed lower strength retention capacity than the control unreinforced concrete. However, the use of hybrid steel-basalt fibre reinforcement recovered the deficiency of basalt fibre reinforced concrete, but still slightly lower than the control and steel fibres reinforced concretes. The use of fibres reduces the spalling and explosive failure of steel, basalt and hybrid steel-basalt fibres reinforced concretes oppose to spalling in deeper regions of ordinary control concrete after exposure to above elevated temperatures. Microscopic observation of steel and basalt fibres surfaces after exposure to above elevated temperatures shows peeling of thin layer from steel surface at $800^{\circ}C$, whereas in the case of basalt fibre formation of Plagioclase mineral crystals on the surface are observed at elevated temperatures.

Molecular Targeting Agents in Cancer Therapy: Science and Society

Shaikh, Asim Jamal Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

The inception of targeted agents has revolutionized the cancer therapy paradigm, both for physicians and patients. A large number of molecular targeted agents for cancer therapy are currently available for clinical use today. Many more are in making, but there are issues that remain to be resolved for the scientific as well as social community before the recommendation of their widespread use in may clinical scenarios can be done, one such issue being cost and cost effectiveness, others being resistance and lack of sustained efficacy. With the current knowledge about available targeted agents, the growing knowledge of intricate molecular pathways and unfolding of wider spectrum of molecular targets that can really matter in the disease control, calls for only the just use of the agents available now, drug companies need to make a serious attempt to reduce the cost of the agents. Research should focus on agents that show sustained responses in preclinical data. More needs to be done in laboratories and by the pharmaceutical industries, before we can truly claim to have entered a new era of targeted therapy in cancer care.