부산시 학교체육시설과 체육공원시설의 안전도 조사

서국웅,조원민,윤양진,이훈식,정미라 한국운동역학회 1999 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구에서는 부산광역시에 소재한 초,중,고등학교 72개교와 체육공원 9개소의 체육시설을 대상으로 현장을 직접 방문하여 안전도 측면에서 체육시설의 상태를 양호, 보통, 불량으로 나누어 20명의 조사자가 객관적인 관점에서 체육시설을 항목별로 구분한 것을 토대로 평가 하였고 또한 체육시설에 대한 실측이 필요로 하는 것은 정확한 측정을 하여 문제점을 분석하였다. 그 결과 학교체육시설은 시설의 설치와 관리상태 그리고 정비에 대한 관심이 안전도 측면에서 학생들이나 일반인들이 이용할 때 최적의 체육시설을 이용할 수 있도록 학교와 교사 그리고 행정기관에서 적극적인 재정지원과 관심이 요구되었고 체육공원시설은 질적인 면만이 아니라 양적으로도 고려가 되어야 하고 무엇보다도 수요자 중심으로 다양한 연령층을 고려하여 사회체육의 저변확대에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 본다. 체육공원시설은 누구나 쉽게 접할 수 있는 배치와 설계가 이루어짐으로서 지역사회의 주민이 체육활동을 할 수 있는 기회를 쉽게 제공하여야 할 것이다. 또한 기존의 공원체육 시설이 안전도 측면에서 양호한 수준으로 되기까지는 행정기관의 적극적인 관심과 경제적인 지원이 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 본다. 결론적으로 체육시설은 안전도를 고려하여 설계되고 배치되어야 한다. 또한 누구나 안전하게 이용할 수 있도록 고려되어짐으로서 운동으로 인한 안전사고를 최대한 예방할 수 있을 것으로 본다. This study investigates and examines exercise facilities of 72 elementary and secondary school and 9 athletic parks all over the city of Pusan, and estimates their human-engineering aspects according to researcher's subjective standards(low, mid, and high level). It also finds out and analyzes items which needs measurement and estimation in exercise facilities, and concludes as follows: 1) In the case of exercise facilities in schools, more active attention must be given to their erection and control, and their constant checking and repair. Safety accident must also be prevented by providing optimal exercise facilities made in human-engineering way with students and ordinary people using them. Therefore, both school administrator and teachers must pay much mort attention to exercise facilities on schools and more much money must be invested for them. 2) In the case of exercise facilities of athletic parks, their quantity as well as qu must be emphasized, and, above all, safe user-centered exercise facilities must be designed and manufactured on the basis of the safety, and be provided with the people of different ages.

들기자세 유형별 L₄-L?의 근전도 분석 : At the Base Knee Angle 무릎각도를 중심으로

서국웅,노석규,윤양진,정미라,이훈식,박승범 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This research is to find out the most suitable lifting posture and to provide fundamental data for preventing usual injuries. To do this, we select five male graduates and five female graduates of P university, analyze their muscular actions in terms of posture types, measure the limit value of weight lifting by comparing each lifting posture type(knee angle 40˚, 80˚, 180˚) with action amplitudes of two parts of erector spinae muscle, and draw our conclusion as follow ; 1. In case of every lifting posture(that is, knee angle 40˚, 80˚, 180˚), females have higher muscular conductivity value in L⁴-L? of right erector spinae muscle than males(p<.001), but in L⁴-L? of left erector spinae males has higher muscular conductivity value than females(p<.001). 2. Males show lower degree of change in muscular conductivity value from 10kg to 25kg weight lifting. 3. Females show gradually increasing degree of change in muscular conductivity value according as weight lifting is heavier. 4. Males show the constant muscular conductivity action of average 50∼110㎶ in the L⁴-L? in case of each lifting posture, knee angle 40˚, 80˚, and 180˚. 5. Females also show the constant muscular conductivity action of average 100∼200㎶ in the L⁴-L? in case of each lifting posture, knee angle 40˚, 80˚, and 180˚. But they show more active muscular conductivity in more than 15kg weight lifting, IOSHIC permission load value. In short, in case of males, weight lifting up to 25kg has little effect on erector spinae muscle but in case of females, weight lifting from more than 15kg has gradual effect on erector spinae muscle. Therefore, the muscular conductivity values of various posture types(by knee angle)are to be identified according to weight lifting steps.

중량단계별 상지근육의 근전도 패턴 분석

서국웅,윤양진,이훈식,정미라,이창민 한국운동역학회 1999 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구는 중량을 들고 걷는 자세에서의 근육의 전위 활동을 분석하기 위해 P대학 체육학과 남 · 여 대학원생 중 오른손 사용자 5명에게 각각 5㎏, 10㎏, 15㎏, 20㎏, 25㎏의 중량물 운반시의 좌 · 우 상지의 각각 4개 부위에 대한 근육 전위 활동을 측정하여 비교 분석함으로써 성인 남 · 여에 있어서 적절한 중량들기의 한계치를 파악함은 물론, 중량들기로 인한 일상의 상해예방을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 분석결과 5 · 10 · 15 · 20 · 25㎏의 중량물 운반시 상지근 대부분의 근육의 전위 활동은 여자가 남자보다 높게 나타났으며 중량이 무거워질수록 남자는 좌측 상완이두근과 상완요골근, 여자는 우측 상완이두근과 상완요골근이 주동근으로 사용되었고 여자에 비해 남자의 좌측 주동근의 근육 전위 활동이 높게 나타나 좌 · 우 평형유지에 힘든 요인으로 분석되었다. 또한 중량이 무거워질수록 여자 우측 요골근의 근육 전위 활동이 여자 상완요골근과 남자 좌 · 우측 상완요골근에 비해 높게 나타난 것은 몸 바깥쪽의 근 사용으로 효율적인 중량물 운반이 이루어지지 않음으로써 허리에 부담을 주거나 편중된 근 사용으로 인한 상해유발과 국소적인 근피로 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 중량들기 적정한계치는 남자는 25㎏, 여자는 15㎏으로 나타났다. This study is to investigate the most suitable models of load carriage and to provide fundamental data for preventing usual injuries. we selected five male graduates and five female graduates of P university, analyze their amplitude chages of electromyographic signals in front carring task, measure the limit value of load carriage by comparing each levels(5㎏, 10㎏, 15㎏, 20㎏, 25㎏) with action amplitudes of four parts of both arm muscle. In case of 5㎏ · 10㎏ · 15㎏ · 20㎏ · 25㎏ carriage, females have higher muscular conductivity value in most muscles of both arm than males. Males is used agonistic muscle left biceps brachii and musculi brachioradalis , also females is used agonistic muscle right biceps brachii and musculi brachioradalis. Males have higher muscluar conductivity value in left agonistic muscle than females according as load is heavier, it is shown to be to difficult the male to keep balance. The heavier load, the higher muscluar conductivity value of right musculi brachioradalis in females than musculi brachioradalis in females and musculi brachioradalis at both side in males. The result of as shown above, Since the way of load carriage is not effective caused by using the muscle at outside of the body. The localized muscle fatigue and injury would often occurred caused of taken overload at waist or using the specific muscle.

에어로빅 댄스 Kick 동작의 운동역학적 분석

서국웅,이훈식,윤양진,정미라,박승범 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the front and side Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force's of Knee-up, long-kick and high-kick, the effect of them speed rate on Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force, and the damage factor caused by them, and to provide useful data for ordinary people or athlete aerobic programs. The result of this study is as follows ; 1. Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force is not significant between the front and the side. 2. Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force is significant between differences of speed rate. 3. Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force, speed and direction being equal, is significant according to the motion types: knee-up, long-kick and high-kick. 4. The possibility of causing damage is the highest when Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force is more than 20BW/sec. 5. High-kick, which needs quick and heavy motion, is considered not be fit for beginners. 6. Load-rate must be lowered by choosing adequate speed rate and motion type, and even in the career of skilled athletes, enough exercise and muscle strength training of legs are necessary in doing aerobic.

중량물 운반시 하지 근육의 근전도 분석

서국웅,이훈식,정미라 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This study is to find out the most suitable models of load carriage and to provide fundamental data for preventing usual injuries. To do this, we select five male graduates and five female graduates of P university, analyze their amplitude chages of electromyographic signals in front carring task, measure the limit value of load carriage by comparing each levels(5kg, 10kg, 15kkg, 25kg) with action amplitudes of four parts of both lower limb muscle. 1. In case of 5kg ·10kg ·15kg carriage, males have higher muscular conductivity value of lower limb than females. 2. In case of 20kg ·25kg carriage, females have higher muscular conductivity value of lower limb than males. 3. Injury would often occurred when permission load value of females in over 15kg carriage.

중량물 들고 보행시 잡기유형의 차이에 대한 운동학적 분석

서국웅,윤양진,김용재,이훈식,정미라,이창민,이중숙 한국운동역학회 2000 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the kinematic changes of the body according to various weight loads and the holding during carrying object. The experiments were conducted with utilizing image, analyses for five male and five female adults as subjects. The results were as followed. 1. Meaningful differences were shown partially in the angle changes of the subject's wrist joints, elbow joints and coxal articulations, but not in the angle changes of the subject's knee joints, according to the types of holding the objects while subjects carrying 5kg objects. So, carrying a light object of 5kg in workplaces or gyms doesn't have much influence on human joints and muscles. 2. Meaningful differences of angle changes were shown between right holding and vertical holding while subjects carrying 10kg objects. Female subjects had difficulties to hold the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints, carrying 10kg objects, because the first loads were imposed on their wrists and female has weaker muscles than male. In right holding of 10kg objects, female subjects had backward body centers from their bodies, the angle of their coxal articulation became bigger and they had unstable behaviors. 3. Female subjects had wider angle of their wrist joints and elbow joints while carrying 15kg objects than male subjects. But male subjects had bigger angle of coxal articulation than female subjects. Because female has weaker muscles, female subjects couldn't maintain the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints. 4. The 20kg objects influenced the angles of the wrist joints, the elbow joints and the coaxal articulations of both sex subjects in any type of holding during their carrying 20 kg objects, but didn't influence their knee joints. 5. in carrying 25kg objects, female subjects had wider angles of their wrist joints, elbow joints and knee joints in each holding type than male subjects and the significant difference were shown according to the holding type. But in the case of coxal articulation, male subjects had the bigger angles and meaningful differences. This comes from the weakness of female's muscle. N\Male subject's upper bodies were drawn back and the objects influenced their wrists more than their arms.

탱고 backward walk 동작시 신발 굽 유형에 따른 하지의 근전도 분석

정미라,서국웅,강영택,염창홍 한국운동역학회 2002 한국운동역학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this research is to provide scientific training guides and the basis for preventing injuries in performing tango backward walk by comparing the effects the height and shape of a heel will have on leg muscles and determining the difference between skilled and unskilled dancers through EMG analysis according to different types of shoes Total eight female athletes were selected for this research. Four with six years of professional dancing experience and another four with one year of dance sports experience. Utilizing the EMG system, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, anterior tibialis, gastrocnemius were measured under different heights (0cm, 5cm, 7cm, 9cm) and shapes (flat, fine, wide) of a heel. Experiments were conducted calculating EMG peak value and muscle load ration under different types of shoes in order to analyze the EMG of leg muscles and Erector Spinae when performing tango backward walk. The result was as follows: 1. The EMG peak value of leg muscles showed significant difference under different heights of a heel in anterior tibialis(p<.001) and gastrocnemius(p.<01) in case of skilled dancers, and in biceps femoris(p.<01) in case of unskilled dancers. 2. The EMG peak value of leg muscles showed significant difference under different shapes of a heel in anterior tibialis(p<.001) and gastrocnemius(p<.001) in case of skilled dancers, and showed no significant difference in case of unskilled dancers. 3. The muscle load ration of leg muscles showed different degrees of muscle contribution between skilled and unskilled dancers. The muscle load ration was in the order of anterior tibialis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius in case of skilled dancers and anterior tibialis, gastrocnemius, biceps femoris, and rectus femoris in case of unskilled dancers.

테니스 라켓 스트링 장력의 차이에 따른 근전도 분석

이훈식,서국웅,윤양진,정미라,김용재,서국은,이중숙 한국운동역학회 2000 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to select 7 male athletes and female athletes of high school, and to compare their active potential differences of upper arm muscles according to characteristic of a racket. the results obtained are as follows: 1. In the accumulative distribution rate of racket string tension, 65Ibs is higher in all muscle active potentials except male flexor carpi radialis muscle than 55Ibs or 60Ibs, and this result shows that 65Ibs gives lower efficiency to athletes. 2. In the muscle load rate of racket string tension, 55Ibs shows the lowest active muscle potential and is thought to be better in its efficiency, but 66Ibs shows a little high active potential and is thought not to be good in its efficiency.

Oct4 단백질의 DNA - 결합 영역에 융합된 HIV - 1 integrase

이민전,서진욱,김미라,신차균 中央大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 2002 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.15 No.1

Human immunodeficience virus type-1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) mediates integration of viral DNA into the host cell genome which is an essential step during the life cycle of retroviruses. HIV-1 IN shows four enzymatic activities in vitro: non-specific DNA- binding, endonucleolytic (3'-processing), integration (strand transfer), and disintegration activities. Oct4 as a transcription factor recognizes and binds the specific sequences containing 5' -ATGCAAAT-3'. In order to study the specific binding and enzymatic activities of the integrase protein, we constructed the four different fusion proteins (OctIN1, OctIN2, INKOct1, INKOct1) using different combination of HIV-1 IN and Oct4 protein. The fusion proteins were overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified by Ni-NTA and SP-sepharose columns. Analysis of the enzymatic activities showed that all the four fusion proteins has detectable endonucleolytic and integration activities, suggesting that the fusion proteins can be used to study derected integration and sequence specific DNA-binding of the integrase fusion protein.

임팩트시 테니스 라켓 재질의 차이에 따른 근전도 분석

윤양진,유국종,서국웅,정미라,강영택,이훈식,서국은 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1999 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to select 7 male athletes and female athletes of high school, and to compare their active potential differences of upper arm muscles according to characteristic of a racket. the results obtained are as follows: 1. According to the accumulative distribution rate of racket material, graphite and wood material show better efficiency in case of brachio radialis muscle of male athletes, but the racket material shows no constant efficiency in brachii radialis muscle of female athletes. In case of flexor carpi radialis muscle, wood material provides better efficiency only for male athletes. In case of triceps brachii muscle, wood material gives better efficiency to males athletes and steel material gives better efficiency to females athletes. Especially in case of biceps brachii muscle, neither male nor female athletes are influenced by racket materials at impact. 2. In the muscle load rate according to racket material, wood has the highest muscle active potential and graphite has the lowest active potential. Therefore, graphite is thoght to be better in the efficiency of muscle load rate.