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      • CdS microspheres composed of nanocrystals and their photocatalytic activity.

        Rengaraj, Selvaraj,Jee, Sun Hee,Venkataraj, Selvaraj,Kim, Younghun,Vijayalakshmi, Selvaraj,Repo, Eveliina,Koistinen, Arto,Sillanp??, Mika American Scientific Publishers 2011 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.11 No.3

        <P>A simple and template-free solution phase synthesis method has been developed for the preparation of novel CdS hollow microspheres using cadmium nitrate and thioacetamide precursors. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that process parameters such as the reaction time, precursor ratio, and reaction temperature strongly influence the morphology of the final product. The synthesized products have been characterized by a variety of methods, including X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-visible diffused reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS). XRD analysis confirmed the cubic structure of the CdS microspheres, which has also been further supported by Raman spectroscopy. The HR-SEM measurements revealed the spherical morphology of the CdS microspheres which has been evolved by the oriented aggregation of the primary CdS nanocrystals. The TEM measurements confirmed the hollow shell-like structure of the spheres; the formation of their hollow interiors can be explained by the Ostwald ripening mechanism. UV-DRS studies showed that the band gap of the CdS microspheres increased with increasing cadmium-nitrate-to-thioacetamide ratio. Furthermore, studies of photocatalytic activity revealed that the synthesized CdS hollow microspheres exhibit an excellent photocatalytic performance in rapidly degrading methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in aqueous solution under visible-light illumination. These results suggest that CdS microspheres will be an interesting candidate for photocatalytic detoxification studies under visible light radiation.</P>

      • SCIESCOPUS

        Embargo Nature of CuO-PANI Composite Against Corrosion of Mild Steel in Low pH Medium

        Selvaraj, P. Kamatchi,Sivakumar, S.,Selvaraj, S. The Korean Electrochemical Society 2019 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.10 No.2

        Incorporation of CuO nanoparticles during the polymerization of aniline in the presence of ammonium peroxydisulphate as an oxidizing agent and sodium salt of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid as dopant as well as surfactant yielded water soluble CuO-PANI composite. Comparison of recorded spectra like FTIR, XRD and SEM with reported one confirm the formation of the composite. Analysis by gravimetric method exposes that the synthesized composite is having resistivity against corrosion, with slight variation in efficiency on extending the time duration up to eight hours in strong acidic condition. OCP measurement, potentiodynamic polarization and EIS studies also confirms the suppression ability of composite against corrosion. Riskless working environment could be provided by the synthesized composite during industrial cleaning process.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        Correlation between gray values of cone-beam computed tomograms and Hounsfield units of computed tomograms: A systematic review and meta-analysis

        Selvaraj, Abirami,Jain, Ravindra Kumar,Nagi, Ravleen,Balasubramaniam, Arthi Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2022 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.52 No.2

        Purpose: The aim of this review was to systematically analyze the available literature on the correlation between the gray values (GVs) of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the Hounsfield units (HUs) of computed tomography (CT) for assessing bone mineral density. Materials and Methods: A literature search was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus, and LILACS for studies published through September 2021. In vitro, in vivo, and animal studies that analyzed the correlations GVs of CBCT and HUs of CT were included in this review. The review was prepared according to the PRISMA checklist for systematic reviews, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool. A quantitative analysis was performed using a fixed-effects model. Results: The literature search identified a total of 5,955 studies, of which 14 studies were included for the qualitative analysis and 2 studies for the quantitative analysis. A positive correlation was observed between the GVs of CBCT and HUs of CT. Out of the 14 studies, 100% had low risks of bias for the domains of patient selection, index test, and reference standards, while 95% of studies had a low risk of bias for the domain of flow and timing. The fixed-effects meta-analysis performed for Pearson correlation coefficients between CBCT and CT showed a moderate positive correlation (r=0.669; 95% CI, 0.388 to 0.836; P<0.05). Conclusion: The available evidence showed a positive correlation between the GVs of CBCT and HUs of CT.

      • Selective synthesis of vitamin K<sub>3</sub> over mesoporous NbSBA-15 catalysts synthesized by an efficient hydrothermal method

        Selvaraj, M.,Park, D.-W.,Kim, I.,Kawi, S.,Ha, C. S. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Dalton Transactions Vol.41 No.32

        <P>Well hexagonally ordered NbSBA-15 catalysts synthesized by an efficient hydrothermal method were used, for the first time, for the selective synthesis of vitamin K<SUB>3</SUB> by liquid-phase oxidation of 2-methyl-1-naphthol (2MN1-OH) under various reaction conditions. The recyclable NbSBA-15 catalysts were also reused to find their catalytic activities. To investigate the leaching of non-framework niobium species on the surface of silica networks, the results of original and recyclable NbSBA-15 catalysts were correlated and compared. To find an optimum condition for the selective synthesis of vitamin K<SUB>3</SUB>, the washed NbSBA-15(2.2pH) was extensively used in this reaction with various reaction parameters such as temperature, time and ratios of reactant (2M1N-OH to H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>), and the obtained results were also demonstrated. Additionally, the liquid-phase oxidation of 2M1N-OH was carried out with different solvents to find the best solvent with a good catalytic activity. Based on the all catalytic studies, the vitamin K<SUB>3</SUB> selectivity (97.3%) is higher in NbSBA-15(2.2pH) than that of other NbSBA-15 catalysts, and the NbSBA-15(2.2pH) is found to be a highly active and eco-friendly heterogeneous catalyst for the selective synthesis of vitamin K<SUB>3</SUB>.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Mesostructured NbSBA-15 catalysts were used, in novel green routes, for the synthesis of vitamin K<SUB>3</SUB> from 2-methyl-1-naphthol. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2dt31096a'> </P>

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재
      • Selective synthesis of 6,8-di-<i>t</i>-butylated flavan over Zn–Al containing mesoporous silica catalysts

        Selvaraj, M.,Sinha, P. K.,Park, D.-W.,Kim, Il,Kawi, S.,Ha, C. S. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Dalton Transactions Vol.41 No.46

        <P>We demonstrate a much green synthesis method for highly selective synthesis of 6,8-di-<I>t</I>-butylated flavan (6,8-DTBF) by liquid phase alkylation of 2,4-di-<I>t</I>-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) with cinnamyl alcohol (Cin-OH) over mesoporous Zn–Al–MCM-41 catalysts synthesized under direct basic hydrothermal method. The main alkylated product, 6,8-DTBF is importantly used as an intermediate in the manufacture of biosynthetic organic compounds. The recyclable mesoporous Zn–Al–MCM-41 catalysts have also been reused in this reaction to study their catalytic activities. The influences of various reaction parameters such as temperature, time, ratios of reactant (2,4-DTBP-to-Cin-OH) have been extensively investigated for the synthesis of 6,8-DTBF. In addition, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has also been used as a solvent in this catalytic reaction. The mesoporous Zn–Al–MCM-41(75) gives excellent catalytic activity with 6,8-DTBF selectivity (86.0%) and 2,4-DTBP conversion (63.1%), and these catalytic results have also compared with that obtained using other mesoporous and microporous catalysts. On the basis of catalytic activity obtained by using the all catalysts, the Zn–Al–MCM-41(75) catalyst is found to be a highly active, recyclable and eco-friendly heterogeneous catalyst in the liquid-phase alkylation of 2,4-DTBP.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Zn–Al–MCM-41(75) catalyst is found to be a highly active, recyclable and eco-friendly green catalyst in the liquid-phase alkylation of 2,4-DTBP. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2dt31409f'> </P>

      • KCI등재

        Condition assessment of pearl millet/ bajra crop in different vigour zones using Radar Vegetation Index

        Selvaraj Shanmugapriya,Haldar Dipanwita,Srivastava Hari Shanker 대한공간정보학회 2021 Spatial Information Research Vol.29 No.5

        The study was focused on assessing the condition of pearl millet crop in critical growth stages using both polarimetric Radarsat-2 and dual-polarized Sentinel-1 datasets. The results revealed that bajra having a close structured phenology like maize and Jowar, exhibited significant changes in RVI due to differences in the crop calendar dates. For bajra, polarimetric RVI generated from information rich Radarsat-2 was observed to have a higher level of saturation till 6 kgm-2 biomass with a R2 of 0.7. In all instances, RVI exhibited a significant relationship with VWC and plant volume with a R2 above 0.7 due to its higher sensitivity towards crop dielectric constant. Unlike NDVI, RVI increased with an increase in Leaf Area Index till 5.8 even during panicle initiation stage. Backscatter and truncated RVI almost follow a similar trend of RVI response for various crop growth parameters. Hence, in case of regional analysis and high cost of Radarsat-2 dataset, one can use freely available sentinel data for RVI analysis due to its wider swath coverage. The observed high correlation of crop age with RVI (R2 = 0.6) proved to be the best tool for predicting sowing dates in staggered sowing zones.

      • KCI등재

        Diallyl Trisulfide Ameliorates Arsenic Induced Dyslipidemia in Rats

        Selvaraj Miltonprabu,Naorem Chanu Sumedha 한국식품과학회 2015 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.24 No.2

        The efficacy of diallyl trisulfide (DATS) against arsenic (As) induced dyslipidemia in the plasma and livers of rats was studied. Oral administration of As [5 mg/kg of body weight (BW)/day] for 4 weeks showed significant (p<0.05) increases in TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, FFA, PL, and TG levels and the activity of HMG-CoA reductase in the plasma and liver, with significant (p<0.05) reductions in levels of HDL-C hepatic ubiquinones and activities of LCAT and LPL in the plasma and liver. Oral administration of DATS (80 mg/kg of BW) for 4 weeks in As intoxicated rats significantly (p<0.05) reduced plasma and liver TC, FFA, TGs, VLDL-C, and LDL-C levels, and the activity of HMG-CoA reductase, and significantly (p<0.05) increased the activities of LCAT and LPL and the levels of HDL-C and ubiquinone in the livers of rats. DATS protects against As-induced dyslipidemia in rats.

      • Equivalent-input-disturbance-based repetitive tracking control for Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy systems with saturating actuator

        Selvaraj, Palanisamy,Sakthivel, Rathinasamy,Reza Karimi, Hamid IET 2016 IET control theory & applications Vol.10 No.15

        <P>This study investigates the output tracking problem for a class of Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy systems subject to periodic signals and actuator saturation via equivalent-input-disturbance (EID) technique. In particular, to ensure the periodic signals tracking, a state-space repetitive control structure is considered. Further, the EID technique is utilised to improve the disturbance rejection performance without any prior knowledge of the disturbance and inverse dynamics of the plant. By constructing a suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and using the Wirtinger-based integral inequality, a new set of sufficient conditions is derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which ensures the stability of the addressed system. In addition to that by using a Lyapunov level set, saturation-dependent Lyapunov function captures the real-time information on the severity of actuator saturation and leads to less conservative estimate of the domain of attraction, which is based on the solution of an LMI optimisation problem. Moreover, the designed fuzzy repetitive controller is reliable in the sense that the stability and the satisfactory performance of the closed-loop system are achieved not only under normal operation, but also in the presence of any actuator faults, saturation and dead zone. Finally, the proposed method is validated through two numerical examples to illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the developed controller design.</P>

      • Highly active mesoporous chromium silicate catalysts in side-chain oxidation of alkylaromatics

        Selvaraj, M.,Park, D.-W.,Kim, I.,Kawi, S.,Ha, C. S. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Dalton Transactions Vol.41 No.46

        <P>We approach a green method in the production of alkylaromatic ketones over hexagonally ordered mesoporous CrSBA-15 catalysts, which were used, in green routes, in the liquid-phase oxidation of alkylaromatics. A promising chemical treatment method was used with ammonium acetate solution to remove the toxic nature of non-framework chromium oxides deposited on the surface of calcined CrSBA-15(8), and the obtained green mesoporous CrSBA-15(8) catalyst was used to find its catalytic activity while the recyclability of mesoporous CrSBA-15 catalysts was also studied. Particularly, the mesoporous CrSBA-15 catalysts synthesized with a variety of chromium contents were extensively used in the production of acetophenone (AP&z.dbd;O) with various reaction parameters. On the basis of all catalytic results, the mesoporous CrSBA-15(8) catalyst produced a higher selectivity of alkylaromatic ketones (76–100%) as compared to other CrSBA-15 catalysts and was found to be a highly active, recyclable and promising heterogeneous catalyst for selective synthesis of alkylaromatic ketones.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Mesostructured green mesoporous CrSBA-15 catalyst has exceptional catalytic activity in oxidation of alkylaromatics. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2dt31571h'> </P>

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