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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Selvam Ammaiyappan (검색결과 4 건)
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Tamilarasan, K.,Kavitha, S.,Selvam, Ammaiyappan,Rajesh Banu, J.,Yeom, Ick Tae,Nguyen, Dinh Duc,Saratale, Ganesh Dattatraya Elsevier 2018 ENERGY Vol.163 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, a novel attempt has been made to generate energy-efficient biomethane from marine macroalgae (<I>Chaetomorpha antennina)</I> by coupling thermochemical liquefaction with a disperser (thermo-chemo disperser (TCD) liquefaction). A temperature of (80 °C), pH 11 and disperser g-force of 1613 g were considered optimal parameters for effective solubilization and energy-efficient methane generation. This combinative liquefaction considerably reduced the treatment time and specific energy from 60 to 15 min and 6294 to 800 kJ/kg TS. The highest volatile fatty acids (VFA) accumulation of 890 mg/L was recorded in TCD compared to a thermo disperser (TD) (750 mg/L) and disperser (D) (322 mg/L) during anaerobic fermentation. TCD enhances the methane production potential of macroalgal biomass and a higher methane production of 215 mL/g VS was achieved for TCD compared to TD (149 mL/g VS) and D samples (100 mL/g VS), respectively. Cost analysis confirmed the field applicability of TCD liquefaction with a net profit of 90 USD/ton of marine macroalgae. A high energy ratio of 1.5 was achieved with the proposed mode of pretreatment (TCD) compared to TD (0.95) and D (0.28) pretreatment. Therefore, <I>C. antennina</I> is considered a suitable feedstock for methane generation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Thermo chemo disperser aided liquefaction enhance the disintegration efficiently. </LI> <LI> Combined pretreatment had achieved higher liquefaction at 800 kJ/kg TS of energy. </LI> <LI> Kinetic analysis explains that rate was improved in combined pretreatment. </LI> <LI> Energy ratio of about 1.5 was achieved in thermo chemo disperser pretreatment. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Influence of sludge solids content on sludge dewaterability using bioleaching
Wong, Jonathan W.C.,Zhou, Jun,Zhou, Lixiang,Kurade, Mayur B.,Selvam, Ammaiyappan Techno-Press 2014 Advances in environmental research Vol.3 No.3
Dewatering is an extremely important step in wastewater treatment process to reduce the final sludge volume in order to minimize the cost of sludge transportation and disposal. In the present study, the effect of different sludge solids content (1, 2 and 3.8%) on the dewaterability of anaerobically digested sludge using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans was studied. The pH reduction rate was higher during initial process in the sludge having low solids content, but after 48 h of bioleaching, similar pH of below 3 was observed with all the different solids content. Bio-oxidation rate of $Fe^{2+}$ was initially higher in sludge with low solids content, but 100% $Fe^{2+}$ was oxidized within 60 h in all the three treatment levels. Compared to the control, specific resistance to filtration was reduced by 75, 78 and 80% in the sludge with a solids content of 1, 2 and 3.8% respectively, showing improvement in dewaterability with an increase in sludge solids content. Sludge effluent quality and sludge settling rate were also improved in treatments with higher solids content after the bioleaching process.
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Evaluation of pilot-scale in-vessel composting for Hanwoo manure management
Jeong, Kwang-Hwa,Kim, Jung Kon,Ravindran, Balasubramani,Lee, Dong Jun,Wong, Jonathan Woon-Chung,Selvam, Ammaiyappan,Karthikeyan, Obuli P.,Kwag, Jung-Hoon Elsevier Applied Science 2017 Bioresource technology Vol.245 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The study investigated the effect of in-vessel composting process on Hanwoo manure in two different South Korea regions (Pyeongchang and Goechang) with sawdust using vertical cylindrical in-vessel bioreactor for 42days. The stability and quality of Hanwoo manure in both regions were improved and confirmed through the positive changes in physico-chemical and phytotoxic properties using different commercial seed crops. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC, ds/m) of composted manure in both regions were slightly increased. At the same time, carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratio and ammonium nitrogen:nitrate nitrogen (NH<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>+</SUP>-N:NO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP>-N) ratio decreased to 13.4–16.1 and 0.36–0.37, respectively. The germination index (GI, %) index was recorded in the range of 67.6–120.9%, which was greater than 50%, indicating phytotoxin-free compost. Although, composted manure values in Goechang region were better in significant parameters, overall results confirmed that the composting process could lead to complete maturation of the composted product in both regions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> In-vessel composting process was effective in Hanwoo manure management. </LI> <LI> Both South Korea regions Hanwoo manure yielded matured and phytotoxic-free composts. </LI> <LI> Key process parameters were within the relevant compost standards. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Kim, Jung Kon,Lee, Dong Jun,Ravindran, Balasubramani,Jeong, Kwang-Hwa,Wong, Jonathan Woon-Chung,Selvam, Ammaiyappan,Karthikeyan, Obuli P.,Kwag, Jung-Hoon Elsevier Applied Science 2017 Bioresource technology Vol.245 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The study investigated the effect of different initial moisture (IM) content (55, 60, 65, and 70%) of composting mixtures (swine manure and sawdust) for the production of nutrient rich manure, and the recovery of ammonia through a condensation process using a vertical cylindrical in-vessel composter for 56days. The composting resulted in a significant reduction in C:N ratio and electrical conductivity (EC), with a slight increase in pH in all products. The NH<SUB>3</SUB> were emitted notably, and at the same time the NO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP>-N concentration gradually increased with the reduction of NH<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>+</SUP>-N in the composting mixtures. The overall results confirmed, the 65% IM showed the maximum nutritional yield, maturity and non-phytotoxic effects (<I>Lycopersicon esculentum</I> L.), with the results of ideal compost product in the following order of IM: 65%>60%>70%>55%. Finally, the recovered condensed ammonia contained considerable ammonium nitrogen concentrations and could be used as fertilizer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The integration of two process is a good strategy for swine manure management. </LI> <LI> The final compost from 65% initial moisture content treatment has well matured. </LI> <LI> A considerable amount of ammonium nitrogen recovered through a condensation process. </LI> <LI> Future study is needed on recovered ammonium nitrogen used as a liquid fertilizer. </LI> </UL> </P>
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