Positive Airway Pressure Treatment Adherence in Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Perspective on the Ever-evolving State of Science

Sawyer,Amy M 전남대학교 간호과학연구소 2019 Nursing and Health Issues(NHI) Vol.24 No.2

Objective: The over-arching purpose of this paper is to describe the phenomenon of adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) from an evolutionary perspective based on seminal influences. Specific objectives are: 1) Describe the evolution of knowledge about PAP adherence focused on PAP use, measurement of PAP adherence and intervention studies; 2) Discuss the definition of PAP adherence as it evolved in the field; and 3) Identify high impact opportunities for future work in the area of PAP adherence. Methods: The expert perspective review includes the seminal (1) primary research publications and (2) reviews that addressed PAP adherence since 1981 to address the objectives. For the purposes of the review, seminal was defined as publications that bore theoretical, scientific and/or practical/policy significance, were of substantive and/or methodological interest and/or contributed value for future research. Results: Seminal publications provided knowledge about PAP use and interventions to promote PAP use. These same publications brought attention to gaps in knowledge and burgeoning assumptions that were restrictive to the field while simultaneously stimulating lines of inquiry, practice initiatives and policies that continue to impact the field. Conclusions: Reflections on the past provide a foundation from which to springboard. The future work that addresses PAP adherence in adults with OSA will necessarily apply innovative approaches to a decades-old problem and thereby advance the field by revolutionizing the management of this chronic sleep disorder.

Special Theme 01 - 필라델피아 소방서의 화재안전교육 소개

Sawyer, Derrick 한국화재보험협회 2011 防災와 保險 Vol.143 No.-

Derrick Sawyer는 26년간 소방관으로 재직하면서 대민화재안전교육 업무를 총괄하고 있다. NFPA의 대도시 화재안전 TF에 참여하는 등 활발한 활동을 하고 있다.

Grit and Children’s Taekwondo Performance

Sawyer, Thomas P.,Hollis-Sawyer, Lisa,Wade, James 국제무예학회 2018 International Journal of Martial Arts Vol.4 No.-

The present research examined psychological grit and sports-related performance outcomes with n = 102 taekwondo students and their parents. The focus of the study was to evaluate how psychological grit relates to taekwondo students’ practice and assessment (i.e., testing and competition) outcomes. The results of the study were predominantly supportive of the hypotheses. “Instructor-rated” grit was significantly related to students’ testing performance, tournament attendance, and attrition while “parent-rated” grit was only significantly related to students’ testing performance. Possible reasons for the differences between the sources are discussed, such as the possibility that the two rater sources may have utilized different observational opportunities. Implications of the findings on the significance of grit are discussed including the creation of adaptive instructional techniques and curriculum in response to students’ level of grit.

Positive Airway Pressure Treatment Adherence in Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Perspective on the Ever-evolving State of Science

Sawyer, Amy M. 전남대학교 간호과학연구소 2019 Nursing and Health Issues(NHI) Vol.24 No.2

Objective: The over-arching purpose of this paper is to describe the phenomenon of adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) from an evolutionary perspective based on seminal influences. Specific objectives are: 1) Describe the evolution of knowledge about PAP adherence focused on PAP use, measurement of PAP adherence and intervention studies; 2) Discuss the definition of PAP adherence as it evolved in the field; and 3) Identify high impact opportunities for future work in the area of PAP adherence. Methods: The expert perspective review includes the seminal (1) primary research publications and (2) reviews that addressed PAP adherence since 1981 to address the objectives. For the purposes of the review, seminal was defined as publications that bore theoretical, scientific and/or practical/policy significance, were of substantive and/or methodological interest and/or contributed value for future research. Results: Seminal publications provided knowledge about PAP use and interventions to promote PAP use. These same publications brought attention to gaps in knowledge and burgeoning assumptions that were restrictive to the field while simultaneously stimulating lines of inquiry, practice initiatives and policies that continue to impact the field. Conclusions: Reflections on the past provide a foundation from which to springboard. The future work that addresses PAP adherence in adults with OSA will necessarily apply innovative approaches to a decades-old problem and thereby advance the field by revolutionizing the management of this chronic sleep disorder.

The Role of Interlingual Mediation in Public Diplomacy : An Exploration of Research Methodologies

Sawyer, David B. 이화여자대학교 통역번역연구소 2012 T&I review Vol.2 No.-

The role of translation and interpreting in public diplomacy has received little attention in the Interpreting and Translation Studies communities. In a discussion of research methodologies in public diplomacy and Interpreting Studies (IS), this article explores the relationships between these two fields and generates starting points for inquiries into the use of interpreting and translation in real world public diplomacy settings. Methodological overlap is considered to gauge the potential for interdisciplinary collaboration, and IS research questions are developed to address strategies and the effectiveness of interlingual mediation practices in public diplomacy in the United States.

Bacterial Logic Devices Reveal Unexpected Behavior of Frameshift Suppressor tRNAs

Sawyer, Eric M.,Barta, Cody,Clemente, Romina,Conn, Michel,Davis, Clif,Doyle, Catherine,Gearing, Mary,Ho-Shing, Olivia,Mooney, Alyndria,Morton, Jerrad,Punjabi, Shamita,Schnoor, Ashley,Sun, Siya,Suresh, Korean Society for Bioinformatics 2012 Interdisciplinary Bio Central (IBC) Vol.4 No.3

Introduction: We investigated frameshift suppressor tRNAs previously reported to use five-base anticodon-codon interactions in order to provide a collection of frameshift suppressor tRNAs to the synthetic biology community and to develop modular frameshift suppressor logic devices for use in synthetic biology applications. Results and Discussion: We adapted eleven previously described frameshift suppressor tRNAs to the BioBrick cloning format, and built three genetic logic circuits to detect frameshift suppression. The three circuits employed three different mechanisms: direct frameshift suppression of reporter gene mutations, frameshift suppression leading to positive feedback via quorum sensing, and enzymatic amplification of frameshift suppression signals. In the course of testing frameshift suppressor logic, we uncovered unexpected behavior in the frameshift suppressor tRNAs. The results led us to posit a four-base binding hypothesis for the frameshift suppressor tRNA interactions with mRNA as an alternative to the published five-base binding model. Conclusion and Prospects: The published five-base anticodon/codon rule explained only 17 of the 58 frameshift suppression experiments we conducted. Our deduced four-base binding rule successfully explained 56 out of our 58 frameshift suppression results. In the process of applying biological knowledge about frameshift suppressor tRNAs to the engineering application of frameshift suppressor logic, we discovered new biological knowledge. This knowledge leads to a redesign of the original engineering application and encourages new ones. Our study reinforces the concept that synthetic biology is often a winding path from science to engineering and back again; scientific investigations spark engineering applications, the implementation of which suggests new scientific investigations.

Comparison of the Criminal Justice Systemsand Criminal Codes of South Korea and Georgia

( Michael Sawyer ) 홍익대학교 법학연구소 2012 동북아법 Vol.6 No.-

This comparative law article presents a legal perspective on some of the similarities and some of the differences of the criminal systems of South Korea and Georgia, two relatively small yet important emerging democracies. The overall justice systems and the current criminal procedure codes of each country will analyzed.

21^st Century Comfort Women: U.S. Military Complicity in Sex Trafficking in Asia

( Michael Sawyer ) 홍익대학교 법학연구소 2011 동북아법 Vol.5 No.-

This paper focuses on the militarization aspect of sex trafficking, particularly the collusion and complicity of the U.S. military in sex trafficking in Asia, and the military`s encouragement of the prostitution of women for use by American soldiers stationed there. It has been said that where there are soldiers, there are women who exist for them, and history is filled with examples of women as war booty and “camp followers,” their bodies being used for service labor of various kinds, including sex. In the past, many observers and commentators were of the opinion that most military prostitutes sought out that that particular type of work and life of their own free will and therefore had no right to complain. However, over the last several years many others have argued to the contrary, espousing the view that many women enter the commercial sex as a result of a complex “system” of government policies, political repression, economic inequalities, oppression of the underclass, police corruption, fraud, debt bondage of women by bar owners, in addition to pervasive sexist norms and attitudes in both the U.S. military and the respective Asian society.<sup>42</sup> According to the most recent United Nations estimates, there are approximately 2.4 million people who are victims of sex trafficking worldwide.<sup>43</sup> Many individuals, organizations and governments have taken a stand against such trafficking, and many nations have signed the United Nations` Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons. However, despite this public proclamation in opposition to trafficking, many of those same governments act in ways that indicate otherwise. In fact, many have demonstrated both complicity in and promotion of sex trafficking through weak reactions to offenders, personal involvement, open prostitution, militarization, and criminalization of victims.⁴⁴ There is a serious disconnect between law, public policy, and the parties involved.⁴⁵ While countries may outwardly express a desire to fight against sex trafficking, government actions create a contradictory situation in which it becomes difficult to determine whether states are truly dedicated to eliminating sex trafficking and working to deal with its consequences.

Running a SCRUM project within a Document Driven Process

Jonathan Sawyer(조나단 소이어),Seok-Won Lee(이석원) Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Eng 2015 정보과학회논문지 Vol.42 No.9

This paper examines how a Computer Engineering Graduate student team ran their Advanced Software Engineering Capstone project using SCRUM. The environment provided contextual challenges in terms of the on-site customer and upfront requirements document, not uncommon in a document driven single-step methodology. The paper details the methodology and practices used to run the project, and reflects on some of the challenges faced by the members of a typical software team when transitioning to a SCRUM process. The paper concludes by evaluating the success of the techniques and practices compared to the Agile Manifesto and Henrik Kniberg’s Scrum checklist. The project was undertaken at South Korea’s Ajou University.

Comment (2): on the Apple v. Samsung Litigations

( Michael Sawyer ) 홍익대학교 법학연구소 2012 동북아법 Vol.6 No.-