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Tanaka, Satoru,Miura, Reiichi,Tominaga, Tohru The Korean Society of Weed Science and The Turfgra 2010 Weed Biology and Management Vol.10 No.4
The association of the micro-scale distribution of six plant species in a lawn, including the lawn grass, Zoysia japonica, with the soil's environmental factors was studied in an urban park in Kyoto, Japan. The cover of each plant species was scored in July and August. The relative elevation, depth of waterlogging after a shower, soil water content, and soil hardness were measured in 144 quadrats in a $12m{\times}12m$ plot. The subsurface soil was sampled at every fourth quadrat and was analyzed for the percentage of fine earth and the levels of total carbon, total nitrogen, and available phosphate. Three correlation criteria, namely the Pearson's, Mantel, and partial Mantel correlations, showed considerable disagreement in indicating whether or not there was a significant correlation between each plant species and environmental variable. Although the reason for the disagreement was not always clear, some unimodal or inverted unimodal responses of a plant species against an environmental factor, which was not detectable by the Pearson's correlation coefficient, were indicated to be significant by the Mantel or partial Mantel tests. There were four plant-environment pairs that had a significant correlation in all three criteria: Juncus tenuis in August had a positive correlation with the soil water content in July and August and a negative correlation with soil hardness and Z. japonica showed a negative correlation with the water content in August. The results suggest that the small patches of lawn with poor drainage are the sites of invasion by J. tenuis.
Sakamoto, Hirokazu,Takeo, Satoru,Takashima, Eizo,Miura, Kazutoyo,Kanoi, Bernard N.,Kaneko, Takamasa,Han, Eun-Taek,Tachibana, Mayumi,Matsuoka, Kazuhiro,Sattabongkot, Jetsumon,Udomsangpetch, Rachanee,Is Elsevier 2018 Parasitology international Vol.67 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The target molecules of antibodies against falciparum malaria remain largely unknown. Recently we have identified multiple proteins as targets of immunity against <I>Plasmodium falciparum</I> using African serum samples. To investigate whether potential targets of clinical immunity differ with transmission intensity, we assessed immune responses in residents of low malaria transmission region in Thailand. Malaria asymptomatic volunteers (Asy: n=19) and symptomatic patients (Sym: n=21) were enrolled into the study. Serum immunoreactivity to 186 wheat germ cell-free system (WGCFS)-synthesized recombinant <I>P. falciparum</I> asexual-blood stage proteins were determined by AlphaScreen, and subsequently compared between the study groups. Forty proteins were determined as immunoreactive with antibody responses to 35 proteins being higher in Asy group than in Sym group. Among the 35 proteins, antibodies to MSP3, MSPDBL1, RH2b, and MSP7 were significantly higher in Asy than Sym (unadjusted p<0.005) suggesting these antigens may have a protective role in clinical malaria. MSP3 reactivity remained significantly different between Asy and Sym groups even after multiple comparison adjustments (adjusted p=0.033). Interestingly, while our two preceding studies using African sera were conducted differently (e.g., cross-sectional vs. longitudinal design, observed clinical manifestation vs. functional activity), those studies similarly identified MSP3 and MSPDBL1 as potential targets of protective immunity. This study further provides a strong rationale for the application of WGCFS-based immunoprofiling to malaria vaccine candidate and biomarker discovery even in low or reduced malaria transmission settings.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> WGCFS generated <I>P. falciparum</I> recombinant proteins are immunoreactive to human sera from low endemic Thailand. </LI> <LI> Four <I>P. falciparum</I> antigens are plausible targets of clinical immunity. </LI> <LI> WGCFS and AlphaScreen system are invaluable tools for malaria vaccine candidate and biomarker discovery. </LI> </UL> </P>
Processing and mechanical property evaluation of maize fiber reinforced green composites
Dauda, Mohammed,Yoshiba, Masayuki,Miura, Kazuhiro,Takahashi, Satoru The Korean Society for Composite Materials 2007 Advanced composite materials Vol.16 No.4
Green composites composed of long maize fibers and poly $\varepsilon$-caprolactone (PCL) biodegradable polyester matrix were manufactured by the thermo-mechanical processing termed as 'Sequential Molding and Forming Process' that was developed previously by the authors' research group. A variety of processing parameters such as fiber area fraction, molding temperature and forming pressure were systematically controlled and their influence on the tensile properties was investigated. It was revealed that both tensile strength and elastic modulus of the composites increase steadily depending on the increase in fiber area fraction, suggesting a general conformity to the rule of mixtures (ROM), particularly up to 55% fiber area fraction. The improvement in tensile properties was found to be closely related to the good interfacial adhesion between the fiber and polymer matrix, and was observed to be more pronounced under the optimum processing condition of $130^{\circ}C$ molding temperature and 10 MPa forming pressure. However, processing out of the optimum condition results in a deterioration in properties, mostly fiber and/or matrix degradation together with their interfacial defect as a consequence of the thermal or mechanical damages. On the basis of microstructural observation, the cause of strength degradation and its countermeasure to provide a feasible composite design are discussed in relation to the optimized process conditions.
Sub-target effect in film analysis using TEA CO2 laser-induced plasma
Yong-Inn Lee,Nasrullah Idris,Koo Hendrik Kurniawan,Tjung Jie Lie,Kenichiro Tsuyuki,Satoru Miura,Kiichiro Kagawa 한국물리학회 2007 Current Applied Physics Vol.7 No.5
A bioactive and biodegradable composite material consisting of hydroxyapatite (HA) and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) was investi-PHB composite which contained up to 40% by volume of particulate HA. The processing parameters for composite manufacture wereoptimized through thermal analyses of HA/PHB composite produced and production trials. The microstructure and properties of thecomposite were evaluated using various techniques. Form the results obtained, it is shown that good quality HA/PHB composite prod-ucts could be manufactured via the established production route.