Influence of Anaerobically Digested Dairy Waste on Growth and Bio-Active Compounds of Spirulina subsalsa (Cyanobacteria) under Semi-Continuous Culture Conditions

Sarma Kuntal,Chavak Preeti,Doli,Sharma Manju,Kumar Narendra,Kant Rama 한국미생물·생명공학회 2024 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.52 No.2

The present communication deals with the standardization of suitable medium formulation along with anaerobically digested cow’s urine (ADCU) for growth of Spirulina subsalsa. Growth was evaluated on the basis of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic pigment. The results obtained from the study indicated that, SSM-1 and SSM-2 media are suitable for maximum synthesis of chlorophyll-a and carotenoids. The obtained results also indicated that SSM-5 medium is suitable for maximum synthesis of accessory light harvesting pigments phycobiliprotein, total carbohydrate, total protein and total lipid in S. subsalsa. From the study it could be concluded that all the five media combinations (viz. SSM-1, SSM-2, SSM-3, SSM-4 and SSM-5) would be suitable for mass cultivation of S. subsalsa. But among them, SSM-5 medium combination could be the most suitable medium.

Distribution of Human Papilloma Virus Infections of Uterine Cervix among Women of Reproductive Age - a Cross Sectional Hospital-Based Study from North East India

Sarma, Usha,Mahanta, Jagadish,Borkakoty, Biswajyoti,Sarmah, Bidula Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.4

Infection of the uterine cervix by human papilloma viruses (HPV) may be associated with cervical pre-cancer and invasive cervical carcinoma if left untreated. With advance in molecular techniques, it has become easier to detect the resence of HPV DNA long before the appearance of any lesion. This study concerned cervical scrape samples of 310 married non-pregnant women attending a gynecology outpatient department for both Pap and PCR testing to detect HPV DNA. Nested PCR using primers for L1 consensus gene with My9/My11 and GP6+/GP5+followed by multiplex PCR were carried out to detect HPV 16 and HPV18. Result: HPV prevalence was 11.9% out of which 3.67% cases of negative for intra-epithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM) and in 71.1% (27/38) of atypical cervical smears were HPV positive. There was increasing trend of high-risk-HPV positivity (HR HPV 16 and 18), from 20% in benign cytology (NILM) to 42.9 % in LSIL, 71.41% in HSIL and 100% in SCC. There was highly significant association of HPV infection with cervical lesion ($x^2=144.0$, p<0.01) and also with type specific HPV prevalence ($x^2=7.761^*$, p<0.05).

Identification of Immune Responsive Genes on Benzene, Toluene and o-Xylene in Jurkat Cells Using 35 k Human Oligomicroarray

Sarma, Sailendra Nath,Kim, Youn-Jung,Jeon, Hee-Kyung,Ryu, Jae-Chun The Korean Society of Toxicogenomics and Toxicopro 2006 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.2 No.4

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a major component of urban air pollution. It is documented that low exposure levels of VOCs induce alterations in immune reactivity resulting in a subsequent higher risk for the development of allergic reactivity and asthma. Despite these facts, there are few reports on the affected primary target and the underlying effective causal mechanisms. So in this study, to better understand the risk of BTX (benzene, toluene and o-xylene) which are the major VOCs and to identify novel biomarkers on immune response to these VOCs exposure in human T lymphocytes, we performed the toxicogenomic study by analyzing of gene expression profiles using 35 k human oligo-microarray. BTX generated specific gene expression patterns in Jurkat cell line. By clustering analysis, we identified some genes as potential markers on immuno-modulating effects of BTX. Four genes of these, HLA-DOA, ITGB2, HMGA2 and 5TAT4 were the most significantly affected by BTX exposure. Thus, this study suggests that these differentially expressed immune genes may play an important role in the pathogenesis on BTX exposure and have significant potential as novel biomarkers of exposure, susceptibility and response to BTC.

Differential Gene Expression Profiling in Human Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells Treated with Benzene and Ethylbenzene

Sarma, Sailendra Nath,Kim, Youn-Jung,Ryu, Jae-Chun The Korean Society of Toxicogenomics and Toxicopro 2008 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.4 No.4

Benzene and ethylbenzene (BE), the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are common constituents of cleaning and degreasing agents, paints, pesticides, personal care products, gasoline and solvents. VOCs are evaporated at room temperature and most of them exhibit acute and chronic toxicity to human. Chronic exposure of benzene is responsible for myeloid leukemia and also ethylbenzene is also recognized as a possible carcinogen. To evaluate the BE effect on human, whole human genome 35 K oligonucleotide microarray were screened for the identification of the differential expression profiling. We identified 280 up-regulated and 201 down-regulated genes changed by more than 1.5 fold by BE exposure. Functional analysis was carried out by using DAVID bioinformatics software. Clustering of these differentially expressed genes were associated with immune response, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, toll-like signaling pathway, small cell lung cancer, immune response, apoptosis, p53 signaling pathway and MAPKKK cascade possibly constituting alternative or subordinate pathways of hematotoxicity and immune toxicity. Gene ontology analysis methods including biological process, cellular components, molecular function and KEGG pathway thus provide a fundamental basis of the molecular pathways through BEs exposure in human lymphoma cells. This may provides a valuable information to do further analysis to explore the mechanism of BE induced hematotoxicity.

ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR OF SOLUTIONS OF MATRIX LYAPUNOV INTEGRO DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Sarma, Goteti V.R.L.,Hugo, Alfred The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2014 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.32 No.5

The asymptotic behavior of solutions of Lyapunov type matrix Volterra integro differential equation, in which the coefficient matrices are not stable, is studied by the method of reduction.

Sea Surface Temperature and Phytoplankton Abundance as Crucial Proxies for Green Noctiluca Bloom Monitoring in the Northeastern Arabian Sea: A Case Study

Sarma Nittala S.,Baliarsingh Sanjiba Kumar,Lotliker Aneesh Anandrao,Pandi Sudarsana Rao,Samanta Alakes,Srichandan Suchismita 한국해양과학기술원 2023 Ocean science journal Vol.58 No.1

Green Noctiluca scintillans (NSG) is a mixotrophic dinofagellate that frequently forms intense blooms in the north Indian Ocean, especially in the northeastern Arabian Sea during winter. This study investigates the conducive conditions and drivers associated with NSG blooms and proposes signifcant models for estimating NSG based on in situ (time-series) study during the bloom cycles. Two critical factors with regard to the blooms, i.e., phytoplankton abundance and sea surface temperature (SST), were examined. The frst phase of heterotrophy dominance was when moderate blooms up to~ 2.26× 104 cells 1–1 occurred and, when NSG cells per unit chlorophyll-a (chl-a) increased, SST decreased up to~24.5 ºC. The bloom intensity was proportional to the feed (diatoms/phytoplankton) availability and the degree of cooling (by the winter convection, i.e., nutrient enrichment). In the second phase of autotrophy dominance, intense blooms up to 1.9× 105 cells l −1 occurred and NSG cells per unit chl-a fell, when the SST increased. During this period, bloom intensity was proportional to the degree of warming, i.e., nutrient and physiological stress. Phytoplankton are related to NSG by a single linear model through this SST cycle and is likely the NSG’s essential biotic precursor. Attention is then focused on developing a remote sensing refectance (Rrs) model for efcient synoptic monitoring of NSG using ocean color satellites. The Rrs band product ratio, a new metric, in combination with SST, notably modelled NSG abundance, which may be of potential routine application.

Migrancy and Memory in Siddhartha Deb’s Novel The Point of Return

Arindam SARMA 이화여자대학교 이화인문과학원 2016 탈경계인문학 Vol.9 No.1

Siddhartha Deb’s novel The Point of Return (2002) is a nuanced study of the fractured relationship between an indigenous tribal people and Bengali migrants in the undivided state of Assam, and the exilic condition of these migrants in the Northeast of India (especially in Assam and Meghalaya). It also shows the painful process of cartographic reconfigurations of state boundaries along ethnic lines, and the resultant violence, uprootedness, alienation, and continued memory of loss. The paper seeks to investigate how the writer traces the lives of the first generation migrants who came to the new land in search of a better life but were condemned to live precarious lives in their adopted homeland. The novel is also about the post-partition generation who inherited the memory of their parents and grandparents and had to negotiate their own sense of belonging and identity in the face of ethnic assertion by indigenous people in the eastern borderland region. The legacy of this conflict lives on in the Northeast as the post-partition generation continues to grapple with issues like displacement, cultural confrontation, and homelessness. At the same time, we have examined how Deb utilizes the mode of memory to tell his story of migrancy and the trauma of loss and dislocation. The act of remembering, the urge to recall and revisit the historical loss, fracture, and trauma, are insistent in the text even as it grapples with issues like home, identity, citizenship, and belonging in the postcolonial nation-state.

Charge transport in gapless electron-hole systems with arbitrary band dispersion

Das Sarma, S.,Hwang, E. H. American Physical Society 2015 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.91 No.19

ANTECEDENTS OF THE PERCEIVED EMOTIONAL COST OF SWITCHING: EVIDENCE FROM THE JAPANESE TABLET MARKET

Sumita Sarma,Mark E. Parry,Xiaoming Yang 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

Existing studies of Japanese consumers have emphasized the importance of collectivism and risk aversion in Japanese culture. In this paper we examine the relationship between these constructs in new product adoption decisions that involve brand switching. We argue that, for Japanese consumers, the perceived emotional risk of adoption is related to (1) the degree to which a consumer identifies with the brand of his or her current product and (2) the perceived performance, financial, and social risks of switching to an alternative product. We further hypothesize that perceived social risk is positively related to brand identification, perceived performance risk, and perceived financial risk. Finally, we hypothesize that financial risk is positively related to performance risk. We test our hypotheses using data collected in Japan in June 2015. Questionnaire items were adapted from existing, well-validated scales. The Japanese version of the questionnaire was developed by using the standard double translation procedure. The Japanese version of the questionnaire was administered by a marketing research firm to a national panel of respondents stratified by age and gender. The resulting sample consisted of 518 iPad owners from across Japan, of whom approximately half were men. Within each gender category, approximately half of the respondents intended to purchase a new tablet within the next 12 months. Following established SEM procedures, we began by estimating a confirmatory factory analysis model, after which we estimated a structural equation model. In each case, the estimated model satisfied standard evaluation criteria. In general, our findings provide support for the hypothesized model. First, Perceived Performance Risk was positively related with Financial Risk, Social Risk, and Emotional Risk. Second, Financial Risk was positively related with Social Risk. Third, Social Risk was positively related with Emotional Risk. Fourth, Brand Identification was positively related with Social Risk and Emotional Risk. The one hypothesized linkage that was not supported was the relationship between Financial Risk and Emotional Risk. A comparison of coefficient magnitudes reveals several important findings. First, in the Social Risk equation, the coefficient of Performance Risk is significantly larger than the Brand Identification coefficient. Second, within the Emotional Risk equation, the coefficient of Performance Risk is significantly larger than the coefficients of Brand Identification and Financial Risk. Similarly, the coefficient of Social Risk is also significantly larger than the coefficients of Financial Risk and Social Risk.

Random Synchronous Malignancy in Male Breast: A Case Report

Manjit Sarma,Chaitanya Borde,Padma Subramanyam,Palaniswamy Shanmuga Sundaram 한국유방암학회 2013 Journal of breast cancer Vol.16 No.4

We report here a case of a random synchronous male breastmalignancy in a patient with a known base of tongue malignancythat was incidentally detected on a whole body 18-fluorine deoxyglucosepositron emission tomography and computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT). Patient was referred to us for PET/CTstaging and radiotherapy planning for a poorly differentiatedsquamous cell carcinoma of base of tongue. Histopathologically,the incidentally detected breast lesion was proven to be an invasiveductal carcinoma. 18F-FDG PET/CT being a whole body imagingmodality is known to detect a considerable number of synchronousprimaries. Synchronous malignancies in the head andneck area and the upper aerodigestive tract are well established. However, synchronous malignancy in male breast is reportedlyuncommon. Our case is unique for the fact that a random synchronousdual malignancy of base of tongue and breast in amale patient was detected during a whole body 18F-FDG PET/CTimaging.