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Sarkar, Santanu,Maitra, Subhamoy Korean Mathematical Society 2009 대한수학회보 Vol.46 No.4
Consider RSA with N = pq, q < p < 2q, public encryption exponent e and private decryption exponent d. We first study cryptanalysis of RSA when certain amount of the Most Significant Bits (MSBs) or Least Significant Bits (LSBs) of d is known. The basic lattice based technique is similar to that of Ernst et al. in Eurocrypt 2005. However, our idea of guessing a few MSBs of the secret prime p substantially reduces the requirement of MSBs or LSBs of d for the key exposure attack. Further, we consider the RSA variant proposed by Sun and Yang in PKC 2005 and show that the partial key exposure attack works significantly on this variant.
Santanu Sarkar,Subhamoy Maitra 대한수학회 2009 대한수학회보 Vol.46 No.4
Consider RSA with N = pq, q < p < 2q, public encryption exponent e and private decryption exponent d. We first study cryptanalysis of RSA when certain amount of the Most Significant Bits (MSBs) or Least Significant Bits (LSBs) of d is known. The basic lattice based technique is similar to that of Ernst et al. in Eurocrypt 2005. However, our idea of guessing a few MSBs of the secret prime p substantially reduces the requirement of MSBs or LSBs of d for the key exposure attack. Further, we consider the RSA variant proposed by Sun and Yang in PKC 2005 and show that the partial key exposure attack works significantly on this variant. Consider RSA with N = pq, q < p < 2q, public encryption exponent e and private decryption exponent d. We first study cryptanalysis of RSA when certain amount of the Most Significant Bits (MSBs) or Least Significant Bits (LSBs) of d is known. The basic lattice based technique is similar to that of Ernst et al. in Eurocrypt 2005. However, our idea of guessing a few MSBs of the secret prime p substantially reduces the requirement of MSBs or LSBs of d for the key exposure attack. Further, we consider the RSA variant proposed by Sun and Yang in PKC 2005 and show that the partial key exposure attack works significantly on this variant.
Oral and maxillofacial injuries in children: a retrospective study
Santanu Mukhopadhyay,Sauvik Galui,Raju Biswas,Subrata Saha,Subir Sarkar 대한구강악안면외과학회 2020 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.46 No.3
Objectives: The purpose of this retrospective epidemiological study was to determine the etiology and pattern of maxillofacial injuries in a pediatric population. Materials and Methods: Data for pediatric maxillofacial trauma patients aged 12 years and younger who were registered at the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, India, were reviewed and examined. Patients who were treated between October 2016 and September 2018 were analyzed according to age, sex, cause of injury, frequency and site of facial fractures, and soft tissue injuries. The chi-square tests were carried out for statistical analyses with a significance level of 5%. Results: Of 232 patients with a mean age of 6.77±3.25 years, there were 134 males (57.8%) and 98 females (42.2%). The overall male to female ratio was 1.39:1. The most common causes of injuries were falls (56.5%) and motor vehicle accidents (16.8%). Incidence of falls decreased significantly with age (P<0.001). Dentoalveolar injuries (61.6%) and soft tissue injuries (57.3%) were more common than facial fractures (42.7%). Mandibular fractures (82.8%) were the most common facial fractures, and perioral or lip injuries were the most prevalent injuries in our patient population. There was a positive association between facial fractures and soft tissue injury (P<0.01) (odds ratio 0.26; confidence interval 0.15-0.46). Conclusion: Falls were the leading cause of maxillofacial trauma in our sample of children, and the most common site of fractures was the mandible.
Malakar Santanu,Kumar Nitin,Sarkar Sudipto,Mohan R. Jagan 한국농업기계학회 2020 바이오시스템공학 Vol.45 No.4
Purpose Shelf life enhancement and quality attributes changes under passive modified atmospheric packaging (PMAP) during storage of king chili (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) was investigated. Methods The selection and design of packaging was done based on the respiration rate (RR) of king chili and permeability of the packaging film. The king chili were packed in selected unperforated polypropylene (PP) with thickness 35 μm and stored in refrigerator (8 ± 1 °C and 95%RH) and ambient (25–30 °C, 65–75% RH) conditions. King chili stored without packaging and kept in ambient condition at same temperature and RH served as control sample. Results A passive modified atmosphere of 8.68% O2, 4.02%CO2 and 9.16% O2, 5.12%CO2 were achieved in the PMAP (8 °C) and PMAP ambient storage, respectively. The quality attributes, viz. weight loss, firmness, and ascorbic acid content, were retained in PMAP as compared to the unpacked samples stored at refrigerated and ambient conditions. The color value (L, a, b) changes during storage had significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect on their storage temperature and time. The initial capsaicin content of king chili was observed 2.47% which moderately changes during storage as compared to the unpacked samples. The highest percentage of marketability and a very low percentage of decay were observed in PMAP at 8 °C as compared to all other treatments. Conclusions Finally, shelf life of king chili was prolonged up to 30 days in PMAP at 8 °C and 25 days in PMAP ambient as compared to that of 20 days and 10 days of the unpacked refrigerator and unpacked ambient storage, respectively. Also, quality attributes were maintained in PMAP at 8 °C during storage, therefore increased marketability of king chili.
Mohd Zafar Iqbal,Shahla Imteyaz,Chandan Ghanty,Santanu Sarkar 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.113 No.-
The current review discusses the recent advances in Ag-based electrocatalysts for electrocatalytic conversionof CO2 to CO. The comparable electrocatalytic activity, stability, and lower cost of the Ag-based catalystswith that of Au- and Pd-based catalysts make the former commercially more viable for theelectrochemical CO2 conversion to CO. The challenges associated with the electrochemical CO productionare discussed. The impacts of the surface composition, surface area, particle size, porosity, lattice edge,crystal plane, and the defects on the catalytic activity of the electrocatalyst are also reviewed. CO2 electrolysers,especially the membrane electrode assembly (MEA)-based electrolyser and its constituents, aredescribed. The infrastructure of the gas diffusion electrode (GDE) and development thereof was foundcritical for the microenvironment of the liquid–gas interface near the catalyst surface in a GDE-based systemto sustain a higher activity over a period of time still remains a challenge. Hence, pathways to cautiouslyproduce benchmark GDEs are discoursed. The role of different ion-exchange membranes and theassociated challenges are reviewed. In the end, perspectives on catalyst design and the electrochemicalCO2 reduction (eCO2R) to CO process are given to assist in further improving the electrocatalyticefficiency.