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전두수(Doo Soo Jeon),정해억(Hae Uk Chung),승기배(Ki Bae Seung),강동헌(Dong Hun Kang),김상우(Sang Wo Kim),김용주(Young Ju Kim),채장성(Jang Sung Chae),김재형(Jae Hyung Kim),홍순조(Soon Jo Hong),최규보(Kyu Bo Choi) 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.6
Objectives: Cardiogenic shock resulting from acute myocardial infarction is a serious complication with high mortality. The early identification of patients at high risk of developing post-infarction cardiogenic shock might allow early intervention in an attempt to prevent cardiogenic shock and to reduce the mortality due to cardiogenic shock. The aim of the present study was to examine the risk factors of inhospital development of cardiogenic shock among patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: We studied 152patients with acute myocardial infarction who were admitted to Kang-Nam St. Mary's hospital within 24hours after the onset of chest pain and did not have cardiogenic shack on admission between March 1991 and May 1994. Clinical data of these patients were analyzed. Results: Of 152patients, 17(11.1%) developed cardiogenic shock during their hospital stay. Cardiogenic shock developed in 53% of cases more than 24hours after admission. 82.4% of patients with cardiogenic shock died whereas a 6.7% in-hospital mortality was found among patients without cardiogenic shock. Multivariate regression analysis that controlled for variables affecting incidence of postinfarction cardiogenic shock showed that independent risk factors for in-hospital cardiogenic shock were history of myocardial infarction (adjusted relative odds[RO]=5.294, 95% confidence interval[CI]=2.149 to 13.041); heart failure on admission (RO=3.344, 95% CI=1.738 to 6.432); hyperglycemia (>180mg/dl) in non-diabetic patients (RO=3.270, 95% CI=1,590 to 6.727); age over 70 year old (RO=2.912, 95% CI= 1.816 to 4.668); ST deviation over 4mm (RO=2.417, 95% CI=1.225 to 4.767); peak LDH level greater than 1600U/ml (RO=1.154, 95% CI=1.080 to 1.233). Patients with one independent risk factor had an estimated probability of 10.5% for developing inhospital cardiogenic shock; patients with two independent risk factors, 48.5%, patients with three risk factors, 65.0% patients with four risk factors, 65.7% patients with five risk factors, 67.2%. Conclusion: Of post-infarction cardiogenic shock during admission, 53% developed more than 24hours after admission. The more independent risk factors on admission for inhospital cardiogenic shock patients with acute myocardial infarction had, the more likely in-hospital cardiogenic shock developed.
Assessment of noise measurements made with a continuous monitoring in time.
Kang, Tae-Sun,Lee, Lim-Kyu,Kang, Sung-Chan,Yoon, Chung-Sik,Park, Dong-Uk,Kim, Rok-Ho American Institute of Physics for the Acoustical S 2013 Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol.134 No.1
<P>The World Health Organization has stated that hearing loss is one of the top 10 health problems worldwide and that noise-induced hearing loss is the leading occupational disease. This work evaluated the noise exposure levels of several job categories for 24-h periods over 7 days to determine the contribution of each microenvironment to total noise exposure. The noise exposure levels of 47 individuals were continuously measured using personal noise dosimeters in metropolitan Seoul, Korea. Participants ranged in age from 20 to 50?yr and represented eight occupational groups. Participants were asked to attach the noise dosimeters and complete a time-activity diary 24?h a day for 7 days. The average Leq?24?h,w among these individuals was 74 dBA, which ranged from 64 to 96 dBA. The average Leq?24?h,w was highest for Korean traditional music apprentices, followed by heavy equipment operators, firefighters, service workers, office workers, industrial hygienists, graduate and undergraduate students, and housewives (89, 77, 76, 76, 75, 71, 71, and 71 dBA, respectively, p?<?0.001). 38 (80.9%) were exposed to noise levels greater than 70 dBA, which corresponds to the World Health Organization's exposure limit.</P>
A Study on the Revitalization Pattern of Industry in Decline: Focusing on Korean Shoe Industry
Kang-Sun LEE(Kang-Sun LEE),Kyu-Jin CHOI(Kyu-Jin CHOI),Sung-Wook KANG(Sung-Wook KANG),Dae-Myeong CHO(Dae-Myeong CHO) 동아시아경상학회 2022 The East Asian Journal of Business Economics Vol.10 No.4
Purpose - This study aims to study the activation pattern of declining industries by applying the Gompertz growth model using available resources based on the theory of industrial life cycle, classifying declining industries among Korean manufacturing industries, and identifying resource input characteristics. Research design and methodology - This study was conducted by combining the Gompertz growth model that predicts the limit of output based on available resources under the industrial life cycle theory. Using Gompertz model, this study analyzed the life cycle of 39 Korean manufacturing industries from the perspective of domestic production, number of employees, and fixed assets Results - According to a life cycle analysis of 39 manufacturing industries in Korea, the computer, textile, and shoe industries were classified as declining industries. Among them, research on resource input characteristics on the shoe industry showed that domestic production and the number of employees decreased, while the proportion of domestic R&D personnel and the number of research departments gradually increased. Conclusion - Among the declining industries in Korea, the shoe industry is considered to revitalize the industry, that is, to extend the life of the declining industry by offshoring its production site and improving constitution with a “R&D center for global” support.
Sang-Rae Lee,Yong-Hoon Lee,Kyoung-Min Kim,Sung-Woo Kim,Kang-Jin Jung,Young-Hyun Kim,Hwa-Young Son,Kyu-Tae Chang 한국실험동물학회 2010 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.26 No.4
Rectal prolapse is a protrusion of one or more layers of the rectum through the anus. A 5-year-old laboratory cynomolgus monkey who had suffered from recurrent diarrhea died after surgical resection of a prolapsed rectum. On examination, the prolapsed rectum was a cylinder-shaped tissue whose surface was moist and dark red with a small amount of hemorrhage. Histologically, the rectum was characterized by a segmental to diffuse cellular infiltration in the submucosa and muscle layers. Inflammation in the rectum resulted in irritation of the myenteric plexus, which could cause hypermotility of the intestines, leading to chronic diarrhea. Rectal prolapse would result in economical loss or death of laboratory animals. However, rectal prolapse in the laboratory monkey could be easily overlooked because diarrhea or other symptoms resulting from rectal prolapse could be sometimes misunderstood as a primary problem. Therefore, researchers should suspect rectal prolapse if intestinal symptoms in the laboratory monkey are untreatable.
Sang-Rae Lee,Kang-Jin Jeong,Sang-Hyun Kim,Keun-Su Kim,Sung-Jin Kim,Young-Hyun Kim,Jae-Won Huh,Ekyune Kim,Myeong-Su Kim,Jun-Gyo Suh,Kyu-Tae Chang 한국실험동물학회 2008 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.24 No.4
A low endotoxic Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) vaccine platform was established with an msbB genedeleted (ΔmsbB) Salmonella enteritidis mutant. The Salmonella ΔmsbB mutant displayed lipopolysaccharide phenotypic changes showing faster migration of the lipid A-core region in an SDS-PAGE analysis and the increased amount of penta-acyl lipid A due to the MsbB deficiency. In an endotoxicity assay, BALB/c mice injected intraperitoneally with the Salmonella ΔmsbB mutant survived for 10 days, whereas mice injected intraperitoneally with the wild type survived for 5 days. Also, all mice inoculated orally with the ΔmsbB mutant survived for 30 days but 70% of mice inoculated orally with wild type survived. Electron microscopically, the Salmonella ΔmsbB mutant produced a larger amount of OMVs than the wild type. In immunogenicity tests, all sera from mice groups immunized with the wild type, ΔmsbB mutant, and their OMVs, showed significantly higher IgG levels. This result was consistent with higher bactericidal activities against wild type S. enteritidis, compared to the negative control. However, there were no significant differences in serum IgG levels and the bactericidal activities of the immune sera between the four mice groups. The viable counts of S. enteritidis recovered from the spleen and liver of four preimmunized mice groups after 5 days of the bacterial challenge showed significant reductions of the live bacteria. Conclusively, the ΔmsbB mutant of S. enteritidis produced relatively low endotoxic OMVs, which was verified in this study for its potential to be a non-replicating Salmonella vaccine candidate.