New laboratory techniques (novel) in making organic-mineral mulch to control wind and water erosion and its use in global scale

Shojaei Saeed,Ardakani Mohammad Ali Hakimzadeh,Sodaiezadeh Hamid,Jafari Mohammad,Afzali Seyed Fakhreddin 대한공간정보학회 2021 Spatial Information Research Vol.29 No.1

In recent decades, wind erosion is increasing across the world as a result of climate change and drought. Therefore, in this study we aim to make mulch with new formulation in order to control wind and water erosion. The materials have been chosen based on their efficiency, availability, and cheapness. Also, cement, gypsum, lime, and blackstrap mixture were selected to make organicmineral mulch. Moreover, we applied response surface method to design and optimize the conditions of the experiment. In this study, we applied central composite design using 10–50 g of gypsum, 12.5–62.5 g of lime, 2.5–12.5 g of blackstrap, and 2.5–12.5 g of cement. The results showed that as all materials cause an increase in the resistance of soil as they are used more, and ultimately they lead to a decrease in erosion except for gypsum which has opposite reaction in high density. Furthermore, in order to reach the minimum wind erosion, a mixture of cement 6.43 g, blackstrap 9.25 g, gypsum 37.26 g, lime 48.92 g was suggested by design-expert software. Based on this experiment, the lowest minimum amount of water erosion was obtained when 5.86 g of blackstrap, 5.13 g of cement, 31.65 g of gypsum, and 46.83 g of lime were applied in the mixture. Analysis of variance showed that data simulation and comparison with real data are highly accurate. (90% accurate) Therefore, the formulation in this study has enough standards to be utilized to control erosion in many regions in the world.

Locating Astragalus hypsogeton Bunge appropriate site using AHP and GIS

Saeed Shojaei,Hamid Alipur,Amir Hossein Hatefi Ardakani,Seyede Negar Hashemi Nasab,Hassan Khosravi 대한공간정보학회 2018 Spatial Information Research Vol.26 No.2

In order to locate Astragalus appropriate areas in Salook watershed, Iran, at the first, six main effective criteria including direction, slope, altitude, temperature, rainfall and soil texture were determined based on fields study and expert experiences. Then using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method were weighted based on questionnaire form in the expert choice 11 software, and relative importance of each criteria and their classes were calculated. Finally, obtained maps were overlaid in ArcGIS software to determine Astragalus appropriate areas. The results showed that Northern area have higher priority than other. With the most relative importance (0.5101), the heights above 1800 m the heights above 1800 m suitable sites for Astragalus spp. The three main criteria including altitude, rainfall and temperature with the weight of 0.3043, 0.2201 and 0.1550 have the most relative importance respectively and in terms of the location are in the first to third priority. In general, from the total area of Salook watershed, 553 hectares was identified as Astragalus species suitable site. This research showed that using technology and GIS and AHP and with the least cost and time, the optimal location of medicinal plants can be determined in different lands.

Exploring prioritized sub-basins in terms of flooding risk using HEC_HMS model in Eskandari catchment, Iran

Zahra Eslami,Saeed Shojaei,Mohanmmad Ali Hakimzadeh 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.5

In this study, it was investigated the possibility of the prioritization of nine (9) sub-basins in terms of the flooding in Eskandari catchment covering an area of 1649 km2, using HEC_HMS software. In this study, after providing the information needed for flood hydrograph, SCS hydrologic simulation method was used to simulate the conversion of rainfall to runoff at sub-basin level. To implement HEC_HMS model, the annual plan was used, based on the return periods of 2, 5, 10, 50 and 100. Using the sequential removal method of the sub-basins as well as deleting the CN of each sub-basin for each stage of the implementation of the model, the flood hydrograph was calculated for each sub-basin, based on the precipitation. And therefore, the effect of each was obtained in producing the output flood. Sub-basins were prioritized in the order of their role in output flood. The results showed that the subbasin ‘‘I ‘‘have the first priority of flooding by computing independent and dependent sub-basins. Then after, examining the independent sub-basins on the 5 and 10 yearly return period of the sub-basin ‘‘A’’ as well as 50 and 100 yearly return periods, the sub-basin ‘‘G’’ is allocated the first priority to itself.

Spatio-temporal Distribution of Suicide Risk in Iran: A Bayesian Hierarchical Analysis of Repeated Cross-sectional Data

Nazari, Seyed Saeed Hashemi,Mansori, Kamyar,Kangavari, Hajar Nazari,Shojaei, Ahmad,Arsang-Jang, Shahram The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2022 예방의학회지 Vol.55 No.2

Objectives: We aimed to estimate the space-time distribution of the risk of suicide mortality in Iran from 2006 to 2016. Methods: In this repeated cross-sectional study, the age-standardized risk of suicide mortality from 2006 to 2016 was determined. To estimate the cumulative and temporal risk, the Besag, York, and Mollié and Bernardinelli models were used. Results: The relative risk of suicide mortality was greater than 1 in 43.0% of Iran's provinces (posterior probability >0.8; range, 0.46 to 3.93). The spatio-temporal model indicated a high risk of suicide in 36.7% of Iran's provinces. In addition, significant upward temporal trends in suicide risk were observed in the provinces of Tehran, Fars, Kermanshah, and Gilan. A significantly decreasing pattern of risk was observed for men (β, -0.013; 95% credible interval [CrI], -0.010 to -0.007), and a stable pattern of risk was observed for women (β, -0.001; 95% CrI, -0.010 to 0.007). A decreasing pattern of suicide risk was observed for those aged 15-29 years (β, -0.006; 95% CrI, -0.010 to -0.0001) and 30-49 years (β, -0.001; 95% CrI, -0.018 to -0.002). The risk was stable for those aged >50 years. Conclusions: The highest risk of suicide mortality was observed in Iran's northwestern provinces and among Kurdish women. Although a low risk of suicide mortality was observed in the provinces of Tehran, Fars, and Gilan, the risk in these provinces is increasing rapidly compared to other regions.

Evaluation of stability in maize hybrids using univariate parametric methods

Seyed Habib Shojaei,Mostafavi Khodadad,Lak Amirparviz,Omrani Ali,Omrani Saeed,Mousavi Seyed Mohammad Nasir,Illés Árpád,Bojtor Csaba,János Nagy 한국작물학회 2022 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.25 No.3

Genotype × environment interaction is one of the complex issues of breeding programs to produce high-yielding and compatible cultivars. Interaction of genotype × environment and make the more accurate selection, the performance and stability of hybrids need to be considered simultaneously. This study aimed to investigate stable genotypes with yield using 12 maize hybrids in different climatic conditions of Iran. The experimental design used was a randomized complete blocks design in three replications in two cropping years in Karaj, Birjand, Shiraz, and Arak stations. The simple analysis of variance performed on grain yield of genotypes indicated that all hybrids studied each year and station were significantly different in grain yield. Also, the combined analysis results showed a significant effect on the environment, the effects of genotype, and the interaction of genotype × environment and t in the studied hybrids different. Comparing Duncan's mean on the data obtained from the research, KSC705 genotypes with an average yield of 7.21 and KSC704 genotype with an average yield of 7.04 were identified as high yield cultivars. In order to identify stable cultivars, six stability parameters were used. KSC260 and KSC707 genotypes had stability Based on the environmental variance, also had stability based KSC705, KSC707 genotype on environmental the coefficient of variation, and KSC260 genotypes had stability based methods of genotype and environment interaction. As well as based on Eberhart and Russell regression coefficient had the stability to KSC400 and SC647 genotypes. Also, they were identified as the most stable genotypes based on the detection coefficient method, KSC707, and KSC703 genotypes.

Exploring canola planting area using AHP associated with GIS in Meymeh–Zarinabad of Iran

Hassan Fathizad,Nasibeh Pakbaz,Hamid Sodaiezadeh,Saeed Shojaei 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.3

Studying physiological needs of plants and their climatic parameters are the main factors to reach optimal productions and reduce the plant injuries such as adverse effects of the harsh environmental conditions. The present study was conducted to evaluate the five main criteria including climate (containing sub criteria of annual minimum temperature, annual mean temperature, annual maximum temperature, annual relative humidity, and annual glacial), soil, slope, land type and land use in locating the capable areas for planting canola in Meymeh–Zarinabad, south west of Iran, using GIS and AHP. For this purpose, meteorological data taken from 26 synoptic stations were used. All criteria were weighted and modeled using AHP and GIS. The results showed the climate and slope with respectively 0.33 and 0.24 are the most important factors for planting canola. Besides, the capability of the case study for this species was classified in four classes of very good, good, medium, and feeble. Results indicated 565,684, 90,586, 63,000 and 51,247 ha were respectively very good, good, medium and feeble. The role of climatic and ground parameters is different in various areas, so with integrating the effective layers, appropriate areas for canola will be obtained.

Applying Delphi method in prioritizing intensity of flooding in Ivar watershed in Iran

Mohamad Najim Cheshmidari,Amir Hossien Hatefi Ardakani,Hamid Alipor,Saeed Shojaei 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.2

The management of watersheds and determining intensity of sub-watershed flooding are the major factors in determining prioritization and policy. The present study was conducted to investigate the intensity of flooding by Delphi technique using six criteria of rainfall, snow, slope, vegetation, land form, and land type in Ivar watershed, NE Iran. For this purpose, 20 questionnaires with the different weighting of criteria were selected and based on final scores, the intensity of flooding were classified in five classes viz. very low, low, medium, high, and very high. After that, the criteria were prioritized based on percentage and degree of importance. The results showed rainfall is a significant criterion in flooding of Ivar watershed. In addition, two sub-watersheds were in class of very low intensity of flooding, one sub-watershed in low intensity class, six sub-watersheds in medium intensity class, nine sub-watersheds in high intensity class, and three sub-watersheds in very high intensity class. Sub-watersheds of I’3, I10 and I’8 had the highest intensity of flooding, while sunwatersheds of I’9 and I’4 reached the lowest intensity of flooding which were placed in last priority. I’3 was considered as the most flooding sub-watershed due to high precipitation. Hence, using Delphi method is a useful and practical technique in investigating the intensity of flooding for different area based on their criteria and sub-criteria.