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Maritime Targets Tracking in Heavy-tailed Clutter With Unknown and Time-varying Density
Liwei Shi,Yu Kuang,Miaomiao He 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2024 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.22 No.4
In order to solve the problem of maritime targets tracking in heavy-tailed sea clutter with unknown and time-varying clutter density, a multi-scan clutter sparsity estimator based amplitude-aided probability hypothesis density (MCSE-APHD) method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the proposed method eliminates the targetoriginated measurements from multi-scan cumulative measurement set and estimates the spatial distribution density of clutter online. And the estimated clutter density parameter is fed to the tracker. Secondly, the amplitude-aided likelihood function as well as the estimated clutter parameter is established to update the Gaussian mixture posterior intensity of the state using the probability hypothesis density algorithm. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Yuan Zhu,Miaomiao Wang,Jiajia Zhang,Wei Peng,Caleb Kesse Firempong,Wenwen Deng,Qilong Wang,Shicheng Wang,Feng Shi,Jiangnan Yu,Ximing Xu,Weiming Zhang 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.4
This study innovatively prepared an effectivecapsaicin-loaded liposome, a nanoformulation with fewerirritants, for oral administration. The in vitro and in vivoproperties of the liposomal encapsulation were investigatedand the potential possibility of oral administration evaluated. The liposomal agent composed of phospholipid, cholesterol,sodium cholate and isopropyl myristate was prepared usingfilm-dispersion method. A level A in vitro–in vivo correlation(IVIVC) was established for the first time, which demonstratedan excellent IVIVC of both formulated and freecapsaicin in oral administration. Physicochemical characterizationsincluding mean particle size, zeta (f) potentialand average encapsulation efficiency of capsaicin-loadedliposome were found to be 52.2 ± 1.3 nm, -41.5 ±2.71 mv and 81.9 ± 2.43 %, respectively. In vivo, liposomalencapsulation allowed a 3.34-fold increase in relativebioavailability compared to free capsaicin. The gastricmucosa irritation studies indicated that the liposomal systemwas a safe carrier for oral administration. These resultssupport the fact that capsaicin, an effective drug for thetreatment of neuropathic pain, could be encapsulated inliposome for improved oral bioavailability. The excellentIVIVC of capsaicin-loaded liposome could also be a promisingtool in liposomal formulation development with anadded advantage of reduced animal testing.
Zheng Weiwei,Tian Yuting,Shi Haili,Chen Miaomiao,Hong Seungbeom,Xu Kai,Cheng Jianhui,Zang Yunxiang 한국원예학회 2023 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.64 No.2
Salinity stress is a key factor aff ecting grape production in coastal areas. Two grape rootstock cultivars, ‘Beta’ (sensitive to salt stress) and ‘3309 C’ (resistant to salt stress), were used to investigate the physiological role of 5-aminolevlinic acid (5-ALA) in salinity tolerance. Functional capacities in the rhizosphere, leaf phenotype, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant enzymes activities and certain physiological indexes were determined after treatment with seawater or seawa- ter followed by 100 mg/L 5-ALA application. The results showed that the functional capacities of the rhizosphere were distinct between the two management regimes. Microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities were reduced by salinity but promoted by 5-ALA. Salinity also suppressed the overall plant growth, leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, maxi- mal photochemical effi ciency (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching (qP), electron transport rate (ETR), root activity, ATP content, ATPase activity, and activities of the antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), cata- lase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in both cultivars. Although plant growth, chlorophyll content, and activities of antioxidant enzymes in Beta were decreased to a greater extent than those in 3309 C under salinity stress, exogenous application of 5-ALA signifi cantly improved plant growth along with enhancement of all the above photosynthetic param- eters and activities of the four antioxidant enzymes in both cultivars. Seawater treatment alone signifi cantly increased non- photochemical quenching (NPQ), relative electrical conductivity (REC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in leaves, especially for Beta. However, 5-ALA treatment decreased the levels of NPQ, REC, and MDA, but increased ATP content and ATPase activity in roots and leaves of both cultivars. Thus, application of 5-ALA would be benefi cial to improve the salt tolerance of grape rootstocks grown in coastal areas.