Dose-Dependent Protection by Tomato Against 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-Induced Genotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Mice

S. Nagini,K.V.P. Chandra Mohan,V. Bhuvaneswari,S.K. Abraham 한국식품영양과학회 2003 Journal of medicinal food Vol.6 No.3

This study was designed to investigate the protective role of pretreatment with graded doses of freshly pre-pared tomato paste against 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced genetic damage and oxidative stress in maleSwiss mice. The incidence of bone marrow micronuclei and the extent of hepatic lipid peroxidation and the antioxidants glu-tathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase were monitored. Three different concentrations (0.5, 1, and 2g/kg body weight) of tomato paste were tested for their anticlastogenic effects against DMBA (35 mg/kg body weight). In-creased frequency of micronuclei and enhanced lipid peroxidation accompanied by compromised antioxidant defenses wereobserved in DMBA-treated animals. Pretreatment with all three doses of tomato paste significantly reduced the frequenciesof DMBA-induced micronuclei and oxidative stress. These findings demonstrate that administration of tomato paste protectsagainst the clastogenic effects of DMBA by decreasing lipid peroxidation and enhancing the antioxidant status.

Search for displaced vertices of oppositely charged leptons from decays of long-lived particles in <i>pp</i> collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Aad, G.,Abbott, B.,Abbott, D.C.,Abed Abud, A.,Abeling, K.,Abhayasinghe, D.K.,Abidi, S.H.,AbouZeid, O.S.,Abraham, N.L.,Abramowicz, H.,Abreu, H.,Abulaiti, Y.,Acharya, B.S.,Achkar, B.,Adachi, S.,Adam, L. North-Holland Pub. Co 2020 Physics letters. Section B Vol.801 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A search for long-lived particles decaying into an oppositely charged lepton pair, <I>μμ</I>, <I>ee</I>, or <I>eμ</I>, is presented using 32.8 <SUP> fb − 1 </SUP> of <I>pp</I> collision data collected at s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Candidate leptons are required to form a vertex, within the inner tracking volume of ATLAS, displaced from the primary <I>pp</I> interaction region. No lepton pairs with an invariant mass greater than 12 GeV are observed, consistent with the background expectations derived from data. The detection efficiencies for generic resonances with lifetimes (<I>cτ</I>) of 100–1000 mm decaying into a dilepton pair with masses between 0.1–1.0 TeV are presented as a function of <SUB> p T </SUB> and decay radius of the resonances to allow the extraction of upper limits on the cross sections for theoretical models. The result is also interpreted in a supersymmetric model in which the lightest neutralino, produced via squark–antisquark production, decays into <SUP> ℓ + </SUP> <SUP> ℓ ′ − </SUP> ν ( ℓ , <SUP> ℓ ′ </SUP> = e , <I>μ</I>) with a finite lifetime due to the presence of R-parity violating couplings. Cross-section limits are presented for specific squark and neutralino masses. For a 700 GeV squark, neutralinos with masses of 50–500 GeV and mean proper lifetimes corresponding to <I>cτ</I> values between 1 mm to 6 m are excluded. For a 1.6 TeV squark, <I>cτ</I> values between 3 mm to 1 m are excluded for 1.3 TeV neutralinos.</P>

Protective Effects of a Mixture of Dietary Agents Against 7,12-Dimethylbenz[α]anthracene-Induced Genotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Mice

S. Nagini,S.K. Abraham,K.V.P. Chandra Mohan 한국식품영양과학회 2004 Journal of medicinal food Vol.7 No.1

We investigated the effects of pretreatment with tomato, garlic, and turmeric, alone and in combination, against7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced genetic damage and oxidative stress in male Swiss mice. Measurement ofthe incidence of bone marrow micronuclei as well as the extent of lipid peroxidation and the status of the antioxidants re-duced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase in the liver and erythrocytes were used as biomark-ers of chemoprotection. In DMBA-treated animals, increased frequency of bone marrow micronuclei was accompanied by en-hanced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant depletion. Pretreatment with tomato, garlic, and turmeric alone and a combinationof these agents significantly reduced the frequencies of DMBA-induced bone marrow micronuclei as well as the extent oflipid peroxidation. These changes may be mediated by the antioxidant-enhancing effects of the dietary agents. The results ofthe present study suggest that a diet containing even low levels of different naturally occurring compounds is effective in ex-erting antigenotoxic effects by inhibiting DMBA-induced oxidative stress.

Ocimum sanctum Linn. (Holy Basil) Ethanolic Leaf Extract Protects Against 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene-Induced Genotoxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Imbalance in Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes

S. Nagini,P. Manikandan,R. Senthil Murugan,H. Abbas,S.K. Abraham 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Journal of medicinal food Vol.10 No.3

The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of ethanolic Ocimum sanctumleaf extractagainst 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and imbalance in xenobiotic-metab-olizing enzymes. Four different concentrations of ethanolic O. sanctumleaf extract (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg of bodyweight) were administered to Wistar rats by intragastric intubation for five consecutive days followed by intraperitoneal in-jection of DMBA (35 mg/kg of body weight) 90 minutes after the final dose of the extract. Administration of DMBA in-creased bone marrow micronuclei, phase I enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonyl formation. This was accompa-nied by a significant decrease in the activities of phase II detoxification enzymes and antioxidants in the liver, erythrocytes,and bone marrow. Pretreatment with ethanolic O. sanctumleaf extract at a concentration of 300 mg/kg of body weight sig-nificantly reduced micronuclei formation and phase I enzymes as well as lipid and protein oxidation with enhanced antioxi-dant and phase II enzyme activities. The results of the present study suggest that ethanolic O. sanctumleaf extract inhibitsDMBA-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress by modulating xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, reducing the extent oflipid and protein oxidation and up-regulating antioxidant defenses.

Improving kNN Text Categorization by Removing Outliers from Training Set

Shin, K.,Abraham, A.,Han, S. Y. SPRINGER-VERLAG 2006 Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol.3878 No.-

Simulation of Distributed Key Management Protocols in Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks

Jibi Abraham,K S Ramanatha 보안공학연구지원센터 2007 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.1 No.2

In Wireless Sensor Network security has to be mainly provided to two types of communications: one-to-all and one-to-one. This paper proposes a complete set of low complexity protocols to initially generate and distribute two types of secret keys, periodically renew the keys and change the keys based on cluster dynamics. They are designed for a clustered hierarchical network suitable for data aggregation and all the communications in the protocols are properly authenticated using Elliptic Curve Digital Signature scheme. The security analysis shows that the protocols are strong against several possible attacks. The protocols are implemented for TinyOS using NesC, simulated under TOSSIM and are viable for implementation in resource-constrained platforms like MICA. A major outcome of our simulation is the observation that most of the time rekeying is done because of cluster dynamics. It is therefore suggested that implementing proper authentication protocols and batch rekeying protocols reduce the number of times rekeying is performed, resulting in longer life of the network.

Application of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) technique to detect underground cavities in a karst area of South Korea

Park, M. K.,Park, S.,Yi, M. J.,Kim, C.,Son, J. S.,Kim, J. H.,Abraham, A. A. Springer Science + Business Media 2014 Environmental Earth Sciences Vol.71 No.6

Recently, the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) technique has been increasingly applied to underground cavity detection filled with groundwater and/or clay. In this study, an ERT survey was conducted to examine the spatial distribution and shape of underground cavities in a karst area in Korea. Numerical ERT modeling and inversion were carried out to select appropriate field survey parameters. Two geological structures, similar to those that exist in the field survey area, were modeled: a sinkhole model and a vein-type structure. Electrode configurations using pole-pole, pole-dipole, dipole-pole, and dipole-dipole arrays were tested with the two geologic models and compared. The numerical modeling showed that the resistivity distribution of the ERT tomogram using the pole-dipole array produced the best representation of the two models. The pole-dipole and pole-pole array configurations were applied in an ERT field survey using six boreholes. The field ERT results show that cavity areas filled with clay or groundwater appeared as low-resistivity anomalies in the limestone formation. This was particularly evident in the inclined vein-type structures attributed to fracture zones, where the field data were similar to the modeling results. Therefore, the ERT technique could be effectively used for detecting underground limestone cavities under similar geological conditions as those at our study area.

PINGU: a vision for neutrino and particle physics at the South Pole

Aartsen, M G,Abraham, K,Ackermann, M,Adams, J,Aguilar, J A,Ahlers, M,Ahrens, M,Altmann, D,Andeen, K,Anderson, T,Ansseau, I,Anton, G,Archinger, M,Arguelles, C,Arlen, T C,Auffenberg, J,Axani, S,Bai, X,B Institute of Physics Publishing 2017 Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physic Vol.44 No.5

<P>The Precision IceCube Next Generation Upgrade (PINGU) is a proposed low-energy in-fill extension to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. With detection technology modeled closely on the successful IceCube example, PINGU will provide a 6?Mton effective mass for neutrino detection with an energy threshold of a few GeV. With an unprecedented sample of over 60 000 atmospheric neutrinos per year in this energy range, PINGU will make highly competitive measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters in an energy range over an order of magnitude higher than long-baseline neutrino beam experiments. PINGU will measure the mixing parameters <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\theta }_{23}$' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0954-3899/44/5/054006/jpgaa4973ieqn1.gif'/> and <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\rm{\Delta }}{m}_{32}^{2}$' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0954-3899/44/5/054006/jpgaa4973ieqn2.gif'/>, including the octant of <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\theta }_{23}$' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0954-3899/44/5/054006/jpgaa4973ieqn3.gif'/> for a wide range of values, and determine the neutrino mass ordering at <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$3\sigma $' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0954-3899/44/5/054006/jpgaa4973ieqn4.gif'/> median significance within five years of operation. PINGU’s high precision measurement of the rate of <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\nu }_{\tau }$' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0954-3899/44/5/054006/jpgaa4973ieqn5.gif'/> appearance will provide essential tests of the unitarity of the 3?×?3 PMNS neutrino mixing matrix. PINGU will also improve the sensitivity of searches for low mass dark matter in the Sun, use neutrino tomography to directly probe the composition of the Earth’s core, and improve IceCube’s sensitivity to neutrinos from Galactic supernovae. Reoptimization of the PINGU design has permitted substantial reduction in both cost and logistical requirements while delivering performance nearly identical to configurations previously studied.</P>

Search for dark matter annihilation in the Galactic Center with IceCube-79 : IceCube Collaboration

Aartsen, M. G.,Abraham, K.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J. A.,Ahlers, M.,Ahrens, M.,Altmann, D.,Anderson, T.,Archinger, M.,Arguelles, C.,Arlen, T. C.,Auffenberg, J.,Bai, X.,Barwick, S. W.,Baum, V. Springer-Verlag 2015 European Physical Journal C Vol.75 No.10

Characterization of the atmospheric muon flux in IceCube

Aartsen, M.G.,Abraham, K.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J.A.,Ahlers, M.,Ahrens, M.,Altmann, D.,Anderson, T.,Archinger, M.,Arguelles, C.,Arlen, T.C.,Auffenberg, J.,Bai, X.,Barwick, S.W.,Baum, V.,Bay North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Astroparticle physics Vol.78 No.-

<P>Muons produced in atmospheric cosmic ray showers account for the by far dominant part of the event yield in large-volume underground particle detectors. The IceCube detector, with an instrumented volume of about a cubic kilometer, has the potential to conduct unique investigations on atmospheric muons by exploiting the large collection area and the possibility to track particles over a long distance. Through detailed reconstruction of energy deposition along the tracks, the characteristics of muon bundles can be quantified, and individual particles of exceptionally high energy identified. The data can then be used to constrain the cosmic ray primary flux and the contribution to atmospheric lepton fluxes from prompt decays of short-lived hadrons. In this paper, techniques for the extraction of physical measurements from atmospheric muon events are described and first results are presented. The multiplicity spectrum of TeV muons in cosmic ray air showers for primaries in the energy range from the knee to the ankle is derived and found to be consistent with recent results from surface detectors. The single muon energy spectrum is determined up to PeV energies and shows a clear indication for the emergence of a distinct spectral component from prompt decays of short-lived hadrons. The magnitude of the prompt flux, which should include a substantial contribution from light vector meson di-muon decays, is consistent with current theoretical predictions. The variety of measurements and high event statistics can also be exploited for the evaluation of systematic effects. In the course of this study, internal inconsistencies in the zenith angle distribution of events were found which indicate the presence of an unexplained effect outside the currently applied range of detector systematics. The underlying cause could be related to the hadronic interaction models used to describe muon production in air showers. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>