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- 검색키워드
- 저자 : S. P. Singh (검색결과 208 건)
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Singh, P.K.,Khatta, V.K.,Thakur, R.S.,Dey, S.,Sangwan, M.L. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.11
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of phytase supplementation on the growth performance, nutrients utilization and bone mineralization in broiler chickens. Day-old broiler chicks (n=480) were equally devided into eight treatment groups and fed maize or wheat based isocaloric, isonitrogenous and isocalcium diets having two non phytate phosphorus (NPP) concentrations (0.50% and 0.30%) and two phytase levels (0 and 500 phytase units/kg diet) in a 42 days growth trial. Maize based dietary treatments were MC (NPP 0.50%, MN (NPP 0.30%), MNP (MN+500 units of phytase) and MCP (MC+500 units of phytase), whereas wheat based experimental diets were WC (NPP 0.50%), WN (NPP 0.30%), WNP (WN+500 units of phytase) and WCP (WC+500 units of phytase). The NPP levels were maintained by dicalcium phosphate. Reduction in dietary NPP depressed live weight gain and feed intake and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR). Phytase supplementation to low NPP (0.30%) diets significantly (p<0.05) improved the growth performances of broilers. The supplementation to low NPP diets allowed complete, safe and economic replacement of dietary inorganic P (dicalcium phosphate) to reduce feed cost per kg live weight gain of broilers. Reduction in dietary NPP did not affect retention of nutrients except phosphorus (P) but had a significant (p<0.05) depression in tibia ash and minerals (Ca, P) concentration in serum and tibia ash. Phytase supplementation at low NPP level was effective (p<0.05) in improving the retention of dry matter, Ca and P and Ca and P concentration in serum and tibia ash. However, the supplementation was not effective at high level of NPP (0.50%). There were no significant (p>0.05) differences in carcass quality among dietary treatments. The response of phytase was greater in low NPP and maize based diets as compared with high NPP and wheat based diets, respectively. The results show that phytase supplementation to low NPP (0.30%) diets improved the growth performance, relative retention of nutrients (N, Ca and P) and minerals (Ca, P) status of blood and bone in broiler chickens, with a better efficacy in maize based diets.
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Singh, N.P.,Sankhyan, S.K.,Prasad, V.S.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.5
Forty eight lambs (24 each of Malpura and Mutton synthetic breeds) were weaned at 90 days of age and divided into two groups. One group of 12 lambs from each of the two breeds was maintained on low energy (52% TDN) and the other group of 12 on high energy (58% TDN) feedlot ration until 6 of the lambs attained 20 kg and the other 6 attained 25 kg live weight in each of the two groups. Daily feed intake and weekly body weights were recorded. Conventional metabolism trials were conducted on the two breeds and the two rations. The growth rate was found to be higher for lambs on high energy ration (p<0.01). The growth rate was also higher for higher target weight groups (p<0.01). The breed did not significantly affect the live weight gains. Mutton synthetic lambs required less number of days to reach 20 kg live weights but took more time to reach 25 kg target weight as compared to Malpura lambs (p<0.01). The lambs of both the breeds reached 25 kg live weight earlier on high energy than those on low energy ration (p<0.01). The dry matter intake, irrespective of breed, was significantly higher (4.57% or 93.4 g per kgW$^{0.75}$) on low energy than that on high energy ration (4.20% or 87.2 g per kg W$^{0.75}$). The digestibility coefficients of all the nutrients excepting crude fibre were significantly higher on high energy diet irrespective of the breed. Lambs on low energy ration, however, digested the crude fibre more than those on the high energy ration (p<0.05). Although there were no significant differences in the intakes of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus, the balance of nitrogen was higher on high energy ration. The DCP and TDN values were 9.70 and 52.76% for low energy and 9.89 and 57.68 % for high energy ration, respectively. The dressing percentages on live weight basis were 50.2 on low and 51.6 on high energy ration, 50.5 at 20kg and 51.3 at 25 kg slaughter weight and 51.0 in Malpura and 50.8 in Mutton synthetic lambs, respectively. The percent of bones in the carcass was higher on low energy ration in Mutton synthetic lambs at 20 kg slaughter weight than others. It was concluded that the performance of the lambs in respect of mutton production was significantly better on high energy ration fed upto 25 kg slaughter weight with no or little breed differences.
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Razmjooei, F.,Singh, K.P.,Song, M.Y.,Yu, J.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 Carbon Vol.78 No.-
Effect on oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of ternary-doped reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as an electrocatalyst is evaluated by employing thiourea as a single source of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S), and triphenylphosphine for phosphorous (P) as precursors for heteroatom doping. The topographical studies show that by doping the RGO, disruption in surface charge and spin asymmetry is introduced into the carbon matrix due to the difference in the bond length and electronegativity between carbon and heteroatoms, which makes carbon lattice ORR active. Ternary (N, S and P)-doped RGO shows excellent ORR activity, which is ~2 times better than that of binary (N and S)-doped RGO, and ~5 times better than that of single (P)-doped RGO. The catalytic activity of the ternary-doped carbon even exceeds the commercial Pt in alkaline medium. Additional P doping causes remarkable synergistic effect on binary N and S-doped RGO by generating active P-N species, improving graphitic order and increasing surface area as well as mesopore volume, which in turn enhances the ORR activity.
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Mehra, U.R.,Khan, M.Y.,Lal, Murari,Hasan, Q.Z.,Das, Asit,Bhar, R.,Verma, A.K.,Dass, R.S.,Singh, P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.5
Sixteen adult male buffaloes (average body weight $443{\pm}14kg$) were equally distributed into four groups in an experiment to study the effect of supplementary protein sources on energy utilization efficiency in buffaloes fed a wheat straw-based diet. The animals in the control group were offered a basal diet composed of 700 g deoiled ground nut cake and ad libitum wheat straw. Animals of other groups were offered 1.8 kg of soyabean meal (SBM), linseed meal (LSM) or mustard cake (MC) along with the basal diet. Protein supplementation increased the digestibility of DM (p<0.01), OM (p<0.01) CP (p<0.01) and CF (p<0.05). Maximum CP digestibility was observed on SBM, followed by LSM and MC when compared to the control. Total DMI and DOMI was significantly (p<0.01) higher in protein supplemented groups with no differences between treatment groups. Digestible crude protein (DCP) intake and N balance were significantly (p<0.01) different between the groups; maximum response was obtained with SBM supplementation, followed by LSM and MC. Faecal energy was significantly (p<0.01) lower in SBM and LSM groups in comparison to other groups. Methane production (% DEI) was significantly (p<0.05) lower on the SBM treatment. Metabolizable energy (ME) intake increased significantly due to protein supplementation. Metabolizable energy intake (MEI) of animals in the MC group was less than LSM and SBM. Energy balance was increased significantly (p<0.01) due to protein supplementation and within supplement variation was also significant with maximum balance in SBM followed by LSM and MC groups. Protein supplementation significantly (p<0.05) increased the digestibility and metabolizability of energy from whole ration. Metabolizable energy (ME) content (Mcal/kg DM) of SBM, LSM and MC was 4.49, 3.56 and 2.56, respectively. It was concluded that protein supplementation of wheat straw increased intake, digestibility and metabolizability of energy and maximum response could be obtained when soybean meal was used as a supplement.
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Accuracy of Ultrasonography in Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in Doe
Singh, N.S.,Gawande, P.G.,Mishra, O.P.,Nema, R.K.,Mishra, U.K.,Singh, Mohan Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.6
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis in goats. Ultrasonographic scanning with real time B-mode ultrasound machine having 5 MHz linear array transducer was performed on gravid uterus (n=24) obtained from slaughterhouse (Group I). Crown rump length (CRL) measured by ultrasound was found significantly different (p<0.05) with actual CRL measured after dissection in early pregnancy. However, age predicted by ultrasound through the measurement of CRL was found highly correlated (r=0.92) with age measured after dissection through CRL and the weight of fetus. Ages predicted by ultrasound through the measurement of trunk diameter (TD) and uterine diameter (UD) and ages measured after dissection were found highly and equally correlated (r=0.98) and did not differ significantly. Data from six does synchronized (Group II) with PGF2$\alpha$ (Estrumate) at 11 days apart were collected through ultrasound from 17 to 42 days post breding. The correlation between CRL and gestational age was high (r=0.97) in day 30 to 42 post breeding. A high coefficient of correlation (r=0.98) was also observed between predicated age by ultrasound and actual age calculated after kidding. The correlation between CRL and gestational age by the formula Y=(a+bX) i.e. Y=24.42+0.39 X where Y=gestational age and X=CRL, was recorded very high (r=0.99). Accuracy of ultrasonography was lowest on day 17 to 19 (66%) and reached 100% on day 34. Data from 30 does (group III) randomly subjected to only one time ultrasounds scanning to assess the accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis were also obtained. Ages predicted by TD and UD measurements were observed to be non-significantly different with actual age obtained after kidding and correlation between ages predicted by TD and UD measurement with actual age after kidding was found equally and highly correlated (r=0.98). The operator's accuracy in the whole experiment including all three groups was found to be 92%. The sensitivity was 93% and specificity was 86%. From the present study, it was observed that CRL was the most reliable parameter to find out gestational age in early pregnancy and the new formula derived was found very accurate to find out gestational age. TD and UD were also found to be equally reliable parameter to find out gestational age in mid and late stage of pregnancy through ultrasonography. It was concluded that ultrasonography by real time B mode with 5 MHz transrectal transducer was found to be reliable, safe and accurate and practicable means in diagnosing early pregnancy diagnosis as early as 25 days post breeding.
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Singh, A.N.,Gautam, Kirti A.,Dalela, D.,Sankhwar, S.N.,Natu, S.M.,Sankhwar, P.L.,Srivastava, A.N. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3
Background: Formation of new blood vessels is necessary for the development and spread of neoplasms more than 1 mm3 in volume, angiogenesis being responsible for formation of new from pre-existing blood vessels. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is pivotal and the best studied angiogenic factor in all human cancers. Therefore we designed this study to investigate the role of VEGF-A and VEGF-C in prostate cancer in comparison with BPH controls in a north Indian population. Methods: In this case-control study a total of 100 subjects were included on the basis of confirmed histopathological reports, out of which 50 were prostate cancer patients and the other 50 were BPH patients with PSA levels >2 ng/ml and abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) findings during September 2009 to August 2011 from the Department of Urology, KGMU, Lucknow, India. Plasma levels of VEGF were determined using quantitative immunoassay (ELISA-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 15.0 version. Results: The mean age of prostate cancer ($67.6{\pm}5.72$) patients was significantly higher (p=0.005) than BPH ($63.6{\pm}7.92$) patients. Expression of VEGF-A was not significantly higher in disease stage C1 than D1 or D2 and A or B (p=0.13) while the level of VEGF-A was significantly higher (p=0.04) in prostate cancer as compared to BPH subjects (PCa=13.0 pg/ml, BPH=6.8 pg/ml). Levels of VEGF-C were similar in both groups (PCa=832.6 pg/ml, BPH=823.7 pg/ml). In ROC curve, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.70 (95%CI: 0.60-0.80) and the cut-off value for which a higher proportion of patients was correctly classified (20%) was 26.0 pg/mL. Conclusion: Although VEGF-A is increased in cancer prostate patients a statistically significant correlation could not be established in this study. VEGF-C was not found to be a useful biomarker.
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Serum and CSF Mineral Profile of Himalayan Yak (Bas grunniens) in their Natural Habitat
Singh, S.P.,Kumar, N.,Sharma, K.B.,Kumar, R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.2
Mineral profile of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 15 Himalayan Yak (adult female, n=8; adult male n=4 and young male,n=3) was studied in their natural habitat at an altitude of 3300 meters above mean sea level at Sangla in north western Himalayas. The macro and micro minerals estimated in serum and CSF were; Sodium, Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium and Zinc, Copper and Iron respectively. The values recorded among different Yak groups did not significantly differ from each other except serum iron and haemoglobin which were significantly higher (p<0.05 ) in young male Yaks compared to the adult male and female Yaks. An observation of great significance was considerably higher potassium and lower sodium level in Yaks compared to other bovine species of plains. The serum potassium values in some adult female Yaks were recorded as high as 10.4 mEq/l and the values varied between 6.6 to 9.8 mEq/l in young male Yaks. The serum Sodium values and Na:K ratios in Yak serum ranged between 117.5 to 122.6 mEq/l and 13.7 to 15.3 respectively. The possible relationship of high serum Potassium value with hypoxic conditions and hostile mountain environment has been discussed.
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Electronic structure studies of chemically synthesized MgFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles
Singh, J.P.,Won, S.O.,Lim, W.C.,Lee, I.J.,Chae, K.H. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2016 Journal of molecular structure Vol.1108 No.-
For present work, magnesium ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized using nitrates of metal ions and citric acid. Crystallite size of these nanoparticles varies from 2.1 +/- 0.1 to 62 +/- 10 nm as annealing temperatures increases from 300 to 1200 <SUP>o</SUP>C. Mg K-edge near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure spectra reflect the presence of Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> ions in both tetrahedral (A-site) and octahedral (B-site) environment for nanoparticles synthesized at all temperatures. The integral area of spectral features of O K-edge spectra is associated with the change of unoccupied O p-projected density of states. Fe L-edge spectra envisage the presence of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> state in these nanoparticles. Observed changes in the electronic structure of these nanoparticles are discussed on the basis of cation migration from A-site to B-site, degree of crystallization, and unsaturated bonds at crystallite surface. Fe-O distances at A-site and B-site changes with annealing temperature.
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Singh, V.,Sivaramaiah, G.,Mohapatra, M.,Rao, J. L.,Singh, N.,Pathak, M. S.,Singh, P. K.,Dhoble, S. J. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Journal of Electronic Materials Vol.46 No.2
<P>GdAlO3 phosphor samples have been prepared by a solution combustion method. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the GdAlO3 phosphor stabilized in orthorhombic phase. The optical absorption spectrum showed bands due to Gd3+ ions as well as defect level in the host. The excitation spectrum exhibited a dominant band with maximum at 273 nm. Upon excitation at 273 nm, ultraviolet-B (UV-B) emission with maximum at 312 nm was observed from the undoped sample, being attributed to P-6(7/2) -> S-8(7/2) transition of Gd3+ ion. The UV-B emission was enhanced at liquid-nitrogen temperature (77 K), most probably due to increased ground-state population according to the Boltzmann distribution law. Electron spin resonance spectra of samples at both room and liquid-nitrogen temperature exhibited resonance signals at g ae 2, attributed to Gd3+ ions arranged with octahedral symmetry linked via oxygen bridges. Various magnetic and thermodynamic parameters for the phosphor system were evaluated by standard procedures. Correlation of these values with the optical properties suggested that the GdAlO3 phosphor can be effectively used as an UV-B light source for industrial applications at room temperature.</P>
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