http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Shiv Bhushan,Santunu Sarangi,Gopi Krishna S.,Abirmoya Santra,Sarvesh Dubey,Pramod Kumar Tiwari 대한전자공학회 2013 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.13 No.4
In this paper, an analytical threshold voltage model is developed for a short-channel double-material-gate (DMG) strained-silicon (s-Si) on silicon-germanium (Si1-x Gex) MOSFET structure. The proposed threshold voltage model is based on the so called virtual-cathode potential formulation. The virtual-cathode potential is taken as minimum channel potential along the transverse direction of the channel and is derived from tow-dimensional (2D) potential distribution of channel region. The (2D) potential distribution of channel region. The 2D channel potential is formulated by solving the 2D Poisson"s equation with suitable boundary conditions in both the strained-Si layer and relaxed Si1-x Gex layer. The effects of a number of device parameters like the Ge mole fraction, Si film thickness and gate-length ratio have been considered on threshold voltage. Further, the drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) has also been analyzed for gate-length ratio and amount of strain variations. The validity of the present 2D analytical model is verified with ATLAS<SUP>TM</SUP>, a 2D device simulator from Silvaco Inc.
Effect of Cation Binding Agents on Sludge Solubilization Potential of Bacteria
S. Gopi Kumar,J. Merrylin,S. Kaliappan,S. Adish Kumar,염익태,J. Rajesh Banu 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.2
The aim of the present study is to increase sludge solubilization potential of bacteria by the addition of cation binding agents. During the study, three strains of bacteria B1, B2 and B3 were isolated from waste activated sludge acclimatized to a thermophilic condition (55°C). Using these strains the mixed liquor suspended solids degradation was 67, 59, and 33% and the chemical oxygen demand solubilization enhancement was 71, 62, and 36%compared with the control. Cation binding agents such as citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetate and sodium tripolyphosphate were added to enhance the sludge solubilization further. Among these, citric acid along with B1 was more effective in solubilization with the mixed liquor suspended solids degradation of 110% and the chemical oxygen demand solubilization enhancement of 115%. 16s rRNA technique was used to identify the bacterial species B1 and it was found to be Bacillus licheniformis. It was also observed that mixed liquor suspended solids reduced rapidly when more soluble chemical oxygen demand was released, thereby increasing sludge solubilization.
Kim, H.J.,Kim, J.H.,Pavan Kumar, CH.S.S.,Punnoose, D.,Kim, S.K.,Gopi, C.V.V.M.,Srinivasa Rao, S. Elsevier Sequoia 2015 Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry Vol.739 No.-
In this paper, highly efficient nano peas like structure CuS film has been successfully employed in quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) for its highest catalytic activity at minimal cost. The CuS thin film electrode was deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate by chemical bath deposition technique using urea at low deposition temperatures. This electrode elevated the short circuit current and fill factor in comparison to the frequently used Pt electrode. Moreover, electrochemical measurement data disclosed higher electrocatalytic activity toward polysulfide reduction. The CuS film exhibited an average particle size of 180-270nm and film thickness of 825nm. It also revealed superior J<SUB>sc</SUB> (13.87mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>) and conversion efficiency of 4.01% which is remarkably higher than that of the Pt-based cell (1.07%). In addition, stability test conducted for both CuS and Pt-based cells for about 900min at working conditions affirmed that the long-term stability of the CuS film decreased by 16.66% (4.02-3.35%), while that of the Pt based cell got elevated by 24.29% until 700min, and consequently diminished by 8.27% from 700 to 900min.
Oxidation of vanillin by peroxomonosulphate-thermodynamic and kinetic investigation
S. Kutti Rani,S. Nirmal Kumar,Crystal Y. Wilson,A. Gopi,D. Easwaramoorthy 한국공업화학회 2009 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.15 No.6
The oxidation of vanillin by peroxomonosulphate (PMS) in acetic acid–sodiumacetate bufferedmedium was carried out at 308 K. The rate was first order with respect to [vanillin] and [PMS]. The rate increased with increase in pH and the rate was too fast to be measured at pH 5.2. The rate increased with increase in [acetate] and the plot of kobs versus [acetate] was a straight line with positive intercept. Variation of ionic strength had no effect on the rate of the reaction. Effects of polarity were studied with five different solvents and in all the cases, log kobs versus 1/e were linear with negative slope. The reaction had been carried out at four different temperatures and the activation and thermodynamic parameters were calculated. The product of oxidation was confirmed as vanillic acid by IR, 1H NMR and GC-MS spectral analysis. Based on the results obtained a reaction scheme had been proposed and the rate law was derived.