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- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Rauf, Abdur (검색결과 101 건)
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Rauf Foroutan,Reza Mohammadi,Bahman Ramavandi,Maryam Bastanian 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.11
Activated carbon (AC) was synthesized from Phoenix dactylifera stones and then modified by CoFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposite for use as a Cr(VI) adsorbent. Both AC/CoFe2O4 composite and AC were fully characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, TEM, TGA, and VSM techniques. Based on the surface analyses, the addition of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles had a significant effect on the thermal stability and crystalline structure of AC. Factors affecting chromium removal efficiency like pH, dosage, contact time, temperature, and initial Cr(VI) concentration were investigated. The best pH was found 2 and 3 for Cr adsorption by AC and AC/CoFe2O4 composite, respectively. The presence of ion sulfate had a greater effect on the chromium sorption efficiency than nitrate and chlorine ions. The results illustrated that both adsorbents can be used up to seven times to adsorb chromium. The adsorption process was examined by three isothermal models, and Freundlich was chosen as the best one. The experimental data were well fitted by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The half-life (t1/2) of hexavalent chromium using AC and AC/CoFe2O4 magnetic composite was obtained as 5.18min and 1.52min, respectively. Cr(VI) adsorption by AC and AC/CoFe2O4 magnetic composite was spontaneous and exothermic. In general, our study showed that the composition of CoFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles with AC can increase the adsorption capacity of AC from 36mg/L to 70mg/L.
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Nest preference and ecology of cavity-nesting bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) in Punjab, Pakistan
Rauf Abdur,Saeed Shafqat,Ali Mudssar,Tahir Muhammad Hammad Nadeem 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.2
Among bees, 85 % are solitary species, most of them are ground-nester and some are cavity-nesting and construct their nests in pre-existing cavities. This work was conducted to evaluate the substrate preference and nest ar chitecture (acceptance, occupation percentage, seasonality and parasitism) of cavity-nesting bees in different substrates. Trap nests offered comprised five different materials (drilled cavities in wood, bamboo, cardboard tubes, plastic soda straws, and mud blocks). These were installed in four districts for two years. The nesting cavities of five different diameters (6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 mm) were provided in each nesting material with an average length of 180 ± 9.92 mm. In all the materials, 5400 nesting cavities were offered, out of which 628 were colonized by bees from two families (Megachilidae and Apidae) and six species (Megachile cephalotes, M. lanata, M. bicolor, Xylocopa basalis, X. fenestrata and Ceratina smaragdula), including one parasitic bee (Euaspis carbo naria). The bee species differed significantly in occupying five nesting materials. The most preferred diameters were 8 mm and 10 mm, with 52.20% and 29.45% of colonization, respectively. Nesting was done throughout the year except in winter. This study will serve as a baseline for future studies and conservation programs of cavitynesting bees in Pakistan.
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Rauf Foroutan,Reza Mohammadi,Bahman Ramavandi 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.1
Biosorption properties of a CaCl2-modified Sargassum oligocystum algae biomass for removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions were investigated. Experimental parameters affecting the biosorption process such as pH, contact time, biosorbent dosage, and temperature were studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mapping test, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and specific surface area were used to assess the physico-chemical properties the biosorbent. The surface area of biosorbent was found to be 35.64m2/g. FTIR test revealed that the active groups of -OH, -NH2, -C-H, C-O, -C-N, and S=O were present on the surface of CaCl2-modified S. oligocystum biomass. The kinetic behavior of the chromium biosorption by modified S. oligocystum biomass followed well pseudo-second order kinetic (R2>0.999). The biosorption equilibrium occurred at 100th min of contact time. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models were applied to describe the biosorption isotherm of Cr(VI) onto modified S. oligocystum biomass. According to the RL and n parameters of the studied isotherms, the Cr(VI) biosorption process was physical and desirable. The chromium biosorption capacity of modified S. oligocystum biomass was found to be 34.46mg/g. The calculated thermodynamic parameters (ΔGo, ΔHo, and ΔSo) indicated that the biosorption of Cr(VI) onto modified S. oligocystum biomass algae was feasible, spontaneous, and exothermic under examined conditions.
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Changing Trends of Adult Lymphoma in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - Comparison of Data Sources
Rauf, Muhammad Shahzad,Akhtar, Saad,Maghfoor, Irfan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.5
Background: Lymphoma is one of the most common malignancies affecting the young Saudi population. This disease has diversified pathologies and clinical stages that necessitate well optimized clinical management. Regular updates of epidemiological behavior of lymphoma from various parts of the world are available but studies from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in this field are not consistent. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the current trends in presentation and distribution of lymphoma with special reference to incidence and mortality, gender, age, histopathological subtypes, and clinical stages at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC). Materials and Methods: Our study included lymphoma data from Saudi Cancer Registry, and relative comparison against KFSH&RC tumor registry data, Gulf country data and International Agency for Research on Cancer data. Results: Common tumors in the West (lung, colon, and prostate) were found to be much less frequent in KSA while leukemia, lymphoma and thyroid cancers were more common. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) ranked 3rd most common cancer with age-adjusted incidence of 6/100,000. Estimated age adjusted mortality was 4/100,000 in KSA. There was a peak rise in incidence of lymphoma in 1997-2007. Most common NHL was diffuse large B cell lymphoma at KFSH&RC. A total of 434 cases were diagnosed in 5 years with 55% of them at advanced stage and 35% demonstrating bulky disease and high risk. KFSH&RC registered 35% of Hodgkins and 21% of total NHL identified in entire Saudi Cancer Registry, 2009. Conclusions: Results of this study are very unique, and reveal diverse trends. The findings provide valuable insights in the understanding of current epidemiological features of lymphoma in this part of the world.
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Rauf, Ali,Ma, Ming,Kim, Sungsoon,Sher Shah, Md. Selim Arif,Chung, Chan-Hwa,Park, Jong Hyeok,Yoo, Pil J. Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Nanoscale Vol.10 No.6
<P>Exploring new single, active photocatalysts for solar-water splitting is highly desirable to expedite current research on solar-chemical energy conversion. In particular, Z-scheme-based composites (ZBCs) have attracted extensive attention due to their unique charge transfer pathway, broader redox range, and stronger redox power compared to conventional heterostructures. In the present report, we have for the first time explored Cu3P, a new, single photocatalyst for solar-water splitting applications. Moreover, a novel ZBC system composed of Bi2WO6-Cu3P was designed employing a simple method of ball-milling complexation. The synthesized materials were examined and further investigated through various microscopic, spectroscopic, and surface area characterization methods, which have confirmed the successful hybridization between Bi2WO6 and Cu3P and the formation of a ZBC system that shows the ideal position of energy levels for solar-water splitting. Notably, the ZBC composed of Bi2WO6-Cu3P is a mediator- and co-catalyst-free photocatalyst system. The improved photocatalytic efficiency obtained with this system compared to other ZBC systems assisted by mediators and co-catalysts establishes the critical importance of interfacial solid-solid contact and the well-balanced position of energy levels for solar-water splitting. The promising solar-water splitting under optimum composition conditions highlighted the relationship between effective charge separation and composition.</P>
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Symbolic indicators and user perception performance in Indian industries and Public places
Rauf Iqbal,Hiren Shah,Amitabha De,Suman Mukhopadhyay 대한인간공학회 2014 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5
During the past two decades, the body of empirical research on warning design and evaluation has grown steadily. Consequently, there are now basic principles and guidelines addressing warning design and how to enhance the usability of designs by considering factors internal to the user e.g., beliefs, perceptions of risk and stress. Industrial & public safety icons need to be more recognizable due to globalisation and liberalisation of economies and due necessity to communicate message effectively and effortlessly. Many a times industrial & public safety icons are not recognized, which result in accident, injury and loss. A study was carried out to investigate the recognition rate of symbolic indicators by select industrial workforce and to evaluate whether the icons encountered in “every-day activities” met the comprehension criteria of ISO Standards. The study was conducted on 37 males and 53 females belonging to various age groups and qualification level. The study included 60 icons used in industry (n=30) and public places (n=30). A paper-based icon recognition questionnaire was prepared and used to examine icon recognition and perception performance over different groups. Each icon was given a unique code for its identification which the participant needed to search out from the codes given below the corresponding icon and fill it in their response sheet. Results show that failure rate to recognize icons used in industrial operations are much higher than the icons used in public places. Recognition rate of 50% industrial icons have been found below the recognition rate as stated in ISO standard (>67%). Results of ANOVA for industrial icons show that recognition rate varies with educational background (p<0.008), educational back ground and gender (p<0.04), gender and age group (p<0.03). But is case of public icons there were no significant difference among gender, age and educational background in comprehension of icons. Safety icons are designed to increase customer and worker safety, problems occur if the icons are failed to click human recognition. An effective symbol must be easily distinguishable compared with others. The challenge during design is to foreseeing cognition ability of the users’ across age, sex and social background. In industrial situation, workers should be exposed to training - especially when they work in environments that expose them to hazards of various kinds.
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