A social relationship-based energy efficient routing scheme for Opportunistic Internet of Things

Rani,Amita Malik 한국통신학회 2023 ICT Express Vol.9 No.4

Opportunistic Internet of Things (OppIoT) combines Opportunistic Networks and the Internet of Things to provide opportunistic communication between IoT devices and human-created communities in order to improve network connectivity, reliability, and longevity. This is significant because it introduces a new approach to connect and communicate smart devices in situations where there is no end-to-end connectivity. Due to the non-stable existence of connectivity between nodes, building a scalable, flexible, interoperable, and energy efficient routing protocol is a difficult issue. This study presents a new routing protocol for the Opportunistic Internet of Things called Social relationship based Energy Efficient Routing (SEER), which bases routing decisions on the forwarding feasibility degree, residual energy, and buffer capacity of nodes. SEER surpasses EBR and EDR in terms of delivery probability, hop count, and overhead ratio, according to simulation results utilizing the Opportunistic Network Environment (The ONE) simulator.

ID- Based Authentication for WiMAX

Pushpi Rani1,Brijesh Kumar Chaurasia,Geetam Singh Tomar 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.2

WiMAX is broadband wireless system being used for long range wireless networking, which makes this system vulnerable to security breaches. In this paperwe present authentication scheme using ID-based signature scheme for WiMAX, which offers a certificate-less public key verification. The proposed scheme has also increased message processing throughput as it has used elliptic curve cryptosystem, sigencryption and identity based cryptography.

Excess molar enthalpies of binary mixtures of formamide with butanol at 298.15 K: Application of Prigogine–Flory–Patterson theory and Treszczanowicz–Benson association model

Manju Rani,Sanjeev Maken,Shalu Agarwal,Priyanka Lahot 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.5

Excess molar enthalpies (HEm ) of formamide (1) + 1-butanol or 2-methyl-1-propanol or 2-methyl-2-propanol (2) mixtures have been measured at 298.15 K over the entire composition range using flow micro calorimeter. The excess enthalpy data along with previously published excess volumes data (VEm )(M. Rani, S. Maken, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 18 (2012) 1694) have been utilised to study the thermodynamics of molecular interactions in terms of Prigogine–Flory–Patterson theory and Treszczanowicz–Benson association model with a Flory contribution term. The Treszczanowicz–Benson model was developed for alkane + alkanol systems considering Mecke–Kempter type of association in alkanol. In this paper the Treszczanowicz–Benson association model was applied, for the first time, to binary mixtures containing both components associated (butanol and formamide) through hydrogen bonding. In both the cases,when either of formamide or butanol was assumed to be associated, the calculated HEm and VEm values compared reasonably well with the corresponding experimental data, but the agreement is not very impressive for excess enthalpy in formamide + 2-methyl-2-propanol mixtures. Extent of inter-molecular H-bonding in formamide and butanols in their binary mixtures was also reflected in their molar enthalpy of association of H-bonding Dh0H.

Management of Greying of Hairs (Sheeb) and Use of Hair Dyes (Khizaab) in Unani Medicine

Rani, Seema Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2018 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.8 No.2

Greying of hairs or Canities (Sheeb) is a hair disorder characterized by premature graying of scalp hair, beard, moustache etc. In Unani system of medicine (USM), the causes of premature greying of hairs, concept behind graying of hairs, principles of treatment, preparations that prevent premature greying of hairs, regimen, systemic and local treatment to stimulate pigmentation and the most interesting point is the use of different type of hair dyes (khizabat) is all illustrated. Classical texts described black, red, blond and white hair dye preparations with formulae and method of use. Initially for the hair graying management, utilizing simple and complex substances from plants, minerals, metals and mixture of these was the main method, which satisfied the desire to change the colour of the hair. With the advancement in chemical science, dyes formulaes, method of formation and application are changed. But due to the awareness about demerits of chemical dyes, people are looking back towards the natural ways to combat hair greying and herbal hair dye is an alternative. This paper is an overview of Unani drugs of local and internal use for hair greying with special attention towards herbal dyes. Most commonly used herbs in khizaab with their actions and constituents has been summarized. This is an effort to globalize the benefits of Unani herbs in hair greying problem. In short, International demand for hair dyes has been steadily growing and there is a wide scope for exploring different aspects of hair greying treatment and dyes in USM.

Evaluation of anti-diabetic activity of glycyrrhizin-loaded nanoparticles in nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Rani, Ruma,Dahiya, Shakti,Dhingra, Dinesh,Dilbaghi, Neeraj,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Kumar, Sandeep Elsevier 2017 European journal of pharmaceutical sciences Vol.106 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Glycyrrhizin is an active constituent of the roots and rhizomes of <I>Glycyrrhiza glabra</I> and has anti-hyperglycemic effects. In this study, nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with glycyrrhizin or metformin were evaluated <I>in vivo</I> for their anti-hyperglycemic potency towards type-II diabetes in rats. The NPs were produced <I>via</I> the ionotropic gelation method using the biocompatible polymers chitosan and gum arabic. The polymer concentration was optimized using the 3<SUP>2</SUP> factorial method to acquire both minimum particle size and maximum encapsulation efficiency. The NPs were then characterized with respect to particle size, encapsulation efficiency, stability, chemical interactions, and <I>in vitro</I> drug dissolution profiles using spectroscopic and microscopic analysis. Furthermore, glycyrrhizin and metformin and their nanoformulations were administered for 21 successive days to diabetic rats. Glycyrrhizin-loaded NPs had significant anti-diabetic effects even though they contained approximately one quarter of the dosage relative to the pure form.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Graphene Oxide-Oxynitride Hybrid Nanoscrolls for Supercapacitor Electrodes with Enhanced Specific Capacitance

Rani, J. R.,Oh, Se-I,Woo, Jeong Min,Jang, Jae-Hyung The Electrochemical Society 2016 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.163 No.5

<P>Graphene oxide-oxynitride hybrid nanoscrolls (GOXNs) were synthesized by embedding oxynitride molecules onto the graphene oxide (GO) sheets through a simple solution-based reduction of GO. The synthesized GOXNs exhibit good structural stability and high specific capacitance when they are used as supercapacitor electrodes. All the films were prepared via spin coating, and the post deposition annealing of the films transformed GO sheets into nanoscrolls. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses of the hybrid film reveal that GO sheets are transformed to nanoscrolls by C-N bonding and various nitrogen based functional groups are attached to the GO sheets. The electrochemical performance of GOXNs is much better than that of pristine GO. The high specific capacitance and energy density of 260 F/g and 36.2 Wh/kg, respectively, were exhibited by GOXNs, whereas the pristine GO exhibited specific capacitance and energy density of 215 F/g and 29.86 Wh/kg, respectively, at a current density of 2 A/g. The GOXNs show good cyclic stability for more than 2000 cycles at a current density of 5 A/g. The observed high specific capacitance of GOXNs is due to the pseudo-capacitive contribution of the nitrogen functional groups along with quinone oxygen (residual oxygen functional groups) that accelerates the faradaic reactions and facilitates faster wetting. The results suggest that GOXNs are a promising electrode material for supercapacitors and batteries. (C) 2016 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.</P>

Salubrinal Alleviates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway

Rani, Shilpa,Sreenivasaiah, Pradeep Kumar,Cho, Chunghee,Kim, Do Han Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2017 Molecules and cells Vol.40 No.1

Pathological hypertrophy of the heart is closely associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), leading to maladaptations such as myocardial fibrosis, induction of apoptosis, and cardiac dysfunctions. Salubrinal is a known selective inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complex involving dephosphorylation of phospho-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit $(p-eIF2)-{\alpha}$, the key signaling process in the ERS pathway. In this study, the effects of salubrinal were examined on cardiac hypertrophy using the mouse model of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and cell model of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs). Treatment of TAC-induced mice with salubrinal ($0.5mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\cdot}day^{-1}$) alleviated cardiac hypertrophy and tissue fibrosis. Salubrinal also alleviated hypertrophic growth in endothelin 1 (ET1)-treated NRVMs. Therefore, the present results suggest that salubrinal may be a potentially efficacious drug for treating pathological cardiac remodeling.

Photoluminescence characterizations in phase transition alumina with boehmite nanostructures

Rani Geeta 한국세라믹학회 2021 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.58 No.6

The phase transition alumina γ, ẟ, θ, α with boehmite nanostructure have been prepared, and a relative study between the crystal structure, annealing temperature, and photoluminescence properties are reported in this paper. The eff ects of diff er- ent temperatures up to 1600 on the boehmite nanostructure revealed diff erent phases of alumina which are characterized using X-ray diff raction (XRD) technique. The evolution of crystal micrographs and grain size during the transformation are studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The emission spectra of the obtained samples are investigated using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy in which the traces of inherent impuri- ties of Cr 3+ are detected in the α-Al 2 O 3 without any doping. The XRD and SEM/TEM analysis show that with increasing temperature, the transformation of boehmite into a well-crystallized α-Al 2 O 3 and the micrographs from nanoplatelets with spindle-like edges to vermicular structure take place. Thus, this paper reports an important role of temperature in the phase transition, morphologies, and in the photoluminescence properties of the obtained samples. The optical properties investi- gate the defects associated with each phase of alumina in the transition alumina material system. The considerable sign of the crystal phase found that the emission band spectra of the corresponding phase vary greatly due to the presence of traces of uncontrolled impurity like Cr 3+ found in the sample. The most prominent peak corresponding to the ruby laser has been found due to these Cr 3+ ions in the most stable phase, α-Al 2 O 3 which is the final product.

Epoxy to Carbonyl Group Conversion in Graphene Oxide Thin Films: Effect on Structural and Luminescent Characteristics

Rani, J. R.,Lim, Juhwan,Oh, Juyeong,Kim, Jung-Woo,Shin, Hyeon Suk,Kim, Jae Hun,Lee, Seok,Jun, Seong Chan American Chemical Society 2012 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.116 No.35

<P>The conversion of epoxy to carbonyl group in graphene oxide (GO) thin films has been carried out via oxygen plasma treatment, and the effects of this conversion on structural and optical properties were investigated. Hydrophilicity of the prepared GO solution allows it to be uniformly deposited onto substrates in the form of thin films. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction analysis confirmed 4–5 layers of the graphene oxide layers which are polycrystalline in structure, and the oxygen plasma treatment results in short-range order crystallization in graphene oxide films with an increase in interplanar spacing which can be attributed to the presence of oxygen functional groups on the graphene oxide layers. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and Raman spectroscopy confirm the presence of the sp<SUP>2</SUP> and sp<SUP>3</SUP> hybridization due to the disordered crystal structures of the carbon atoms results from oxidation, and XPS analysis shows that epoxy pairs convert to more stable CO and O–CO groups with oxygen plasma treatment. The broad energy level distribution resulting from the broad size distribution of the sp<SUP>2</SUP> clusters produces excitation-dependent photoluminescent (PL) emission in a broad wavelength range from 400 to 650 nm. Our results suggest that as oxygen pressure increases, there is a change from epoxide to carbonyl linkages which also resulted in variation in PL emission.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2012/jpccck.2012.116.issue-35/jp3050302/production/images/medium/jp-2012-050302_0007.gif'></P>

Tribological Properties of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Films in Inert and Reactive Tribo-Atmospheres: XPS Depth-Resolved Chemical Analysis

Rani, Revati,Panda, Kalpataru,Kumar, Niranjan,Sankaran, Kamatchi Jothiramalingam,Ganesan, K.,Lin, I-Nan American Chemical Society 2018 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.122 No.15

<P>Tribological properties of diamond films are sensitive to the chemically reactive and inert tribo-atmospheric media, and therefore, it is difficult to understand the underlying tribological mechanisms. In the present work, tribological properties of surface-modified ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) thin films were investigated in four distinct tribo-environmental conditions of ambient humid-atmosphere, nitrogen (N<SUB>2</SUB>), argon (Ar), and methane (CH<SUB>4</SUB>) gases. The in situ depth-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed the desorption of oxygen and oxy-functional additives and sputtering of weakly bonded amorphous carbon species from the UNCD film surface after the Ar<SUP>+</SUP>-ion sputtering process. After desorption of these chemical entities, friction and wear were decreased and run-in regime cycles became shorter in UNCD films. Friction in the ambient humid-atmosphere was higher compared to other tribo-environmental conditions, and it was explained by the oxidation mechanism of the sliding interfaces and the formation of the oxidized carbon transferfilm. However, low friction and wear in the N<SUB>2</SUB> atmosphere was associated with the adsorption of N<SUB>2</SUB> species, forming nitrogen-terminated carbon bonds at the sliding interfaces. This was directly investigated by XPS and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques. Furthermore, low friction in the Ar atmosphere was explained by the physical adsorption of Ar gaseous species, which tend to avoid the covalent carbon bond formation across the sliding interfaces. Moreover, ultralow friction in the CH<SUB>4</SUB> atmosphere was governed by the passivation of dangling carbon bonds by dissociative CH<SUB>4</SUB> complexes, which creates hydrogen-terminated repulsive sliding interfaces. More importantly, a shorter run-in regime with low friction and wear in Ar<SUP>+</SUP>-ion-sputtered UNCD films were explained by desorption of the oxygen and oxy-functional groups, which are inherently present in the UNCD films.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>