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Systematic Functional Annotation of Somatic Mutations in Cancer
Ng, Patrick Kwok-Shing,Li, Jun,Jeong, Kang Jin,Shao, Shan,Chen, Hu,Tsang, Yiu Huen,Sengupta, Sohini,Wang, Zixing,Bhavana, Venkata Hemanjani,Tran, Richard,Soewito, Stephanie,Minussi, Darlan Conterno,Mo Cell Press 2018 CANCER CELL Vol. No.
<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>The functional impact of the vast majority of cancer somatic mutations remains unknown, representing a critical knowledge gap for implementing precision oncology. Here, we report the development of a moderate-throughput functional genomic platform consisting of efficient mutant generation, sensitive viability assays using two growth factor-dependent cell models, and functional proteomic profiling of signaling effects for select aberrations. We apply the platform to annotate >1,000 genomic aberrations, including gene amplifications, point mutations, indels, and gene fusions, potentially doubling the number of driver mutations characterized in clinically actionable genes. Further, the platform is sufficiently sensitive to identify weak drivers. Our data are accessible through a user-friendly, public data portal. Our study will facilitate biomarker discovery, prediction algorithm improvement, and drug development.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Developed a versatile functional genomic platform for somatic mutation annotation </LI> <LI> Annotated >1,000 genomic aberrations, doubling the number of known driver mutations </LI> <LI> Assessed performance of existing algorithms for mutation functional predictions </LI> <LI> Built a user-friendly, open-access data portal for community-based investigation </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Lithium-ion capacitors with 2D Nb<sub>2</sub>CT<sub>x</sub> (MXene) – carbon nanotube electrodes
Byeon, Ayeong,Glushenkov, Alexey M.,Anasori, Babak,Urbankowski, Patrick,Li, Jingwen,Byles, Bryan W.,Blake, Brian,Van Aken, Katherine L.,Kota, Sankalp,Pomerantseva, Ekaterina,Lee, Jae W.,Chen, Ying,Gog Elsevier 2016 Journal of Power Sources Vol.326 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>There is a growing interest to hybrid energy storage devices, such as lithium-ion capacitors, in which battery-type electrodes are combined with capacitor-type ones. It is anticipated that the energy density (either gravimetric or volumetric) of lithium-ion capacitors is improved if pseudocapacitive or fast insertion materials are used instead of conventional activated carbon (AC) in the capacitor-type electrode. MXenes, a new family of two-dimensional transition metal carbides, demonstrate metallic conductivity and fast charge-discharge behavior that make them suitable for this application. In this study, we move beyond single electrodes, half-cell studies and demonstrate three types of hybrid cells using Nb<SUB>2</SUB>CT<SUB>x</SUB>–carbon nanotube (CNT) films. It is shown that lithiated graphite/Nb<SUB>2</SUB>CT<SUB>x</SUB>-CNT, Nb<SUB>2</SUB>CT<SUB>x</SUB>-CNT/LiFePO<SUB>4</SUB> and lithiated Nb<SUB>2</SUB>CT<SUB>x</SUB>-CNT/Nb<SUB>2</SUB>CT<SUB>x</SUB>-CNT cells are all able to operate within 3 V voltage windows and deliver capacities of 43, 24 and 36 mAh/g (per total weight of two electrodes), respectively. Moreover, the polarity of the electrodes can be reversed in the symmetric Nb<SUB>2</SUB>CT<SUB>x</SUB>-CNT cells from providing a positive potential between 0 and 3 V to a negative one from −3 to 0 V. It is shown that the volumetric energy density (50–70 Wh/L) of our first-generation devices with MXene electrodes exceeds that of a lithium titanate/AC capacitor.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> 3 types of lithium-ion capacitors using Nb<SUB>2</SUB>CT<SUB>x</SUB>-CNT as one electrode were tested. </LI> <LI> The highest volumetric energy density of 50–70 Wh/L was achieved. </LI> <LI> Energy density of symmetric cell exceeds that of lithium titanate/activated carbon. </LI> <LI> The lithiated graphite/Nb<SUB>2</SUB>CT<SUB>x</SUB>-CNT shows the highest gravimetric performance. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Li, Hao Leo,Hu, Aiguo Patrick,Covic, Grant Anthony The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2011 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.11 No.3
This paper utilizes free oscillation and energy injection principles to generate and control the high frequency current in the primary track of a contactless power transfer system. Here the primary power inverter maintains natural resonance while ensuring near constant current magnitude in the primary track as required for multiple independent loads. Such energy injection controllers exhibit low switching frequency and achieve ZCS (Zero Current Switching) by detecting the high frequency current, thus the switching stress, power losses and EMI of the inverter are low. An example full bridge topology is investigated for a contactless power transfer system with multiple pickups. Theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results show that the proposed system has a fast and smooth start-up transient response. The output track current is fully controllable with a sufficiently good waveform for contactless power transfer applications.
Hao Leo Li,Aiguo Patrick Hu,Grant Anthony Covic 전력전자학회 2011 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.11 No.3
This paper utilizes free oscillation and energy injection principles to generate and control the high frequency current in the primary track of a contactless power transfer system. Here the primary power inverter maintains natural resonance while ensuring near constant current magnitude in the primary track as required for multiple independent loads. Such energy injection controllers exhibit low switching frequency and achieve ZCS (Zero Current Switching) by detecting the high frequency current, thus the switching stress, power losses and EMI of the inverter are low. An example full bridge topology is investigated for a contactless power transfer system with multiple pickups. Theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results show that the proposed system has a fast and smooth start-up transient response. The output track current is fully controllable with a sufficiently good waveform for contactless power transfer applications.
Eye Globe Abnormalities on MR and CT in Adults: An Anatomical Approach
James Thomas Patrick Decourcy Hallinan,Premilla Pillay,Lilian Hui Li Koh,Kong Yong Goh,Wai-Yung Yu 대한영상의학회 2016 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.17 No.5
Eye globe abnormalities can be readily detected on dedicated and non-dedicated CT and MR studies. A primary understanding of the globe anatomy is key to characterising both traumatic and non-traumatic globe abnormalities. The globe consists of three primary layers: the sclera (outer), uvea (middle), and retina (inner layer). The various pathological processes involving these layers are highlighted using case examples with fundoscopic correlation where appropriate. In the emergent setting, trauma can result in hemorrhage, retinal/choroidal detachment and globe rupture. Neoplasms and inflammatory/infective processes predominantly occur in the vascular middle layer. The radiologist has an important role in primary diagnosis contributing to appropriate ophthalmology referral, thereby preventing devastating consequences such as vision loss.
Dennis Grech,Zhifeng Li,Patrick Morcillo,Evelyne Kalyoussef,David D. Kim,Alex Bekker,Luis Ulloa 사단법인약침학회 2016 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.9 No.5
Neuronal stimulation improves physiological responses to infection and trauma, but the clinical potential of this strategy is unknown. We hypothesized that transdermal neural stimulation through low-frequency electroacupuncture might control the immune responses to surgical trauma and expedite the postoperative recovery. However, the efficiency of electroacupuncture is questioned due to the placebo effect. Here, electroacupuncture was performed on anesthetized patients to avoid any placebo. This is a prospective double-blinded pilot trial to determine whether intraoperative electroacupuncture on anesthetized patients improves postoperative recovery. Patients with electroacupuncture required 60% less postoperative analgesic, even they had pain scores similar to those in the control patients. Electroacupuncture prevented postoperative hyperglycemia and attenuated serum adrenocorticotropic hormone in the older and heavier group of patients. From an immunological perspective, electroacupuncture did not affect the protective immune responses to surgical trauma, including the induction of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10. The most significant immunological effect of electroacupuncture was enhancing transforming growth factor-β1 production during surgery in the older and lighter group of patients. These results suggest that intraoperative electroacupuncture on anesthetized patients can reduce postoperative use of analgesics and improve immune and stress responses to surgery.
Han, Bing,Zhang, Li,Liu, Binyuan,Dong, Xiaofang,Kim, Il,Duan, Zhongyu,Theato, Patrick American Chemical Society 2015 Macromolecules Vol.48 No.11
<P>A facile strategy has been demonstrated for the selective synthesis of highly stereoregular polyesters with <I>cis</I>-2,3-(<I>exo</I>,<I> exo</I>) or <I>trans</I>-2,3-(<I>exo</I>,<I> endo</I>) repeating units by the organocatalysts mediated alternating copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide and norbornene anhydride (NA) stereoisomers. The geometrical structure of polyester can be tuned simply by modulating the type of NA isomers (<I>endo</I>- or <I>exo</I>-NA), monomer feed ratio, and reaction temperature. The <I>cis</I>- (>99%) and <I>trans</I>-polyesters (>99%) exhibit high glass transition temperature up to 129.8 and 115.9 °C, respectively. The resulting polyesters provide a versatile platform to incorporate various functional groups through the robust thiol–ene reaction of the pendant norbornenyl groups.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mamobx/2015/mamobx.2015.48.issue-11/acs.macromol.5b00555/production/images/medium/ma-2015-00555x_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ma5b00555'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>