Species dependent sustainable preconcentration of zinc: Possible aspects of ABS and CPE

Pallabi Samaddar,Kamalika Sen 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1

The environmentally benign extraction systems like aqueous biphasic system (ABS) and cloud pointextraction (CPE) techniques are well exploited for their applications in elemental speciation analysis. Inthis article we have studied the extraction possibility of different Zn species using ABS and CPE. Theextractions are studied at trace concentration levels in the presence and absence of different interferingcations and anions to find the possibility to preconcentrate Zn in the presence of other elements. It hasbeen observed that using CPE, a complete extraction of Zn-PAN is possible with Cu(II) as a potentialinterfering ion. Using ABS, 82% extraction of Zn as Zn-insulin complex is possible with no considerableinterference from the associated metal ions. However, the anions like PO43 , SCN and NO2 ions do interfere. Finally, the clouds of the CPE were taken for confocal microscopy after dissolution in suitablemedia. The images demonstrate the mechanism of micellization of different Zn species. The nanometersized vesicles with the Zn species incorporated in it indicates a stronger extraction possibility of the CPEthan ABS. The results are indicative of the methodology to be chosen for Zn extraction as per the need ofthe analyst.

An engineering insight into block copolymer self-assembly: Contemporary application from biomedical research to nanotechnology

Samaddar, Pallabi,Deep, Akash,Kim, Ki-Hyun Elsevier 2018 Chemical engineering journal Vol.342 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Because of their unique ordered structures, block copolymers (BCPs) are known to form a broad range of morphologies (e.g., cylinders, vesicles, spheres, and lamellae). These types of assemblies can be utilized for various potential and practical applications in numerous fields including nanotechnology. This review addresses classification of different BCPs based on polymeric moieties and arrangement of polymer chains present in their structure. Physicochemical characteristics of BCP micelles in aqueous media are also discussed along with the beneficial features of BCP self assembly in the generation of nanostructures. Potential applications of BCP-drug conjugates have also been described with numerous case studies. In addition, successful implementation of BCP self-assembly in modern age research of nanoporous ultrafiltration membrane, nanolithography, functionalized nanomaterial preparation has been overviewed with mechanistic details. Finally, we offer a brief perspective on the future opportunities of BCPs in diverse research fields.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Block copolymers (BCPs) tend to occur exclusively in nature. </LI> <LI> Through aggregation of different monomers, BCPs exhibit enhanced stability and durability. </LI> <LI> BCPs are here classified by the structure/shape of the dissimilar blocks in the polymer chain. </LI> <LI> Property of BCPs is assessed in terms of micelle-forming capacity, solubility, and functionality. </LI> <LI> Coverage of this review highlight the future prospects of BCPs to benefit their future research. </LI> </UL> </P>

Synthesis of nanomaterials from various wastes and their new age applications

Samaddar, Pallabi,Ok, Yong Sik,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Kwon, Eilhann E.,Tsang, Daniel C.W. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2018 Journal of cleaner production Vol.197 No.p1

Cloud point extraction: A sustainable method of elemental preconcentration and speciation

Pallabi Samaddar,Kamalika Sen 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4

Trace elements are gaining increasing attention of scientists working in various analytical fields. Presence or absence of a trace element in a system seriously modifies its intrinsic behavior. Cloud point extraction (CPE) is an upcoming technology to preconcentrate and separate many of the trace elements from different chemical and biological systems. The system is sustainable as it involves benign extractants like surfactants and that too at low concentrations at slightly elevated temperatures to form clouds that separate out from the bulk solution. In addition, the extraction behavior of many elements depends on its chemical species. Keeping in view the need to summarize the research encompassing this technique, many review articles were published which cover a selection of the literature published on this topic over several time spans. A myriad of various technological developments has been reported by several workers. These developments have prompted us to revisit the CP technology with a better understanding of its detection, mechanism and extension to species dependent extraction behavior with regard to the state of art determination of trace metals in our day to day applications. The present article summarizes mainly the results of trace metal preconcentration using CP methodology from different practical samples with an insight to the probable mechanism and speciation involved from 2006 onwards.

Biomolecule-embedded metal-organic frameworks as an innovative sensing platform

Kempahanumakkagari, Sureshkumar,Kumar, Vanish,Samaddar, Pallabi,Kumar, Pawan,Ramakrishnappa, Thippeswamy,Kim, Ki-Hyun Elsevier 2018 BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES Vol.36 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Technological advancements combined with materials research have led to the generation of enormous types of novel substrates and materials for use in various biological/medical, energy, and environmental applications. Lately, the embedding of biomolecules in novel and/or advanced materials (e.g., metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), nanoparticles, hydrogels, graphene, and their hybrid composites) has become a vital research area in the construction of an innovative platform for various applications including sensors (or biosensors), biofuel cells, and bioelectronic devices. Due to the intriguing properties of MOFs (e.g., framework architecture, topology, and optical properties), they have contributed considerably to recent progresses in enzymatic catalysis, antibody-antigen interactions, or many other related approaches. Here, we aim to describe the different strategies for the design and synthesis of diverse biomolecule-embedded MOFs for various sensing (e.g., optical, electrochemical, biological, and miscellaneous) techniques. Additionally, the benefits and future prospective of MOFs-based biomolecular immobilization as an innovative sensing platform are discussed along with the evaluation on their performance to seek for further development in this emerging research area.</P>

The effect of diverse metal oxides in graphene composites on the adsorption isotherm of gaseous benzene

Khan, Azmatullah,Szulejko, Jan E.,Samaddar, Pallabi,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Eom, Wonsik,Ambade, Swapnil B.,Han, Tae Hee Elsevier 2019 Environmental research Vol.172 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The effective removal technique is necessary for the real world treatment of a hazardous pollutant (e.g., gaseous benzene). In an effort to develop such technique, the adsorption efficiency of benzene in a nitrogen stream (5 Pa (50 ppm) at 50 mL atm min<SUP>−1</SUP> flow rate and 298 K) was assessed against 10 different metal oxide/GO composite materials (i.e., 1: graphene oxide Co (GO-Co (OH)<SUB>2</SUB>), 2: graphene oxide Cu (GO-Cu(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>), 3: graphene oxide Mn (GO-MnO), 4: graphene oxide Ni (GO-Ni(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>), 5: graphene oxide Sn (GO-SnO<SUB>2</SUB>), 6: reduced graphene oxide Co (rGO-Co(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>), 7: reduced graphene oxide Cu (rGO-Cu(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>), 8: reduced graphene oxide Mn (rGO-MnO), 9: reduced graphene oxide Ni (rGO-Ni(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>), and 10: reduced graphene oxide Sn (rGO-SnO<SUB>2</SUB>)) in reference to their pristine forms of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The highest adsorption capacities (at 100% breakthrough) were observed as ~23 mg g<SUP>−1</SUP> for both GO-Ni(OH)<SUB>2</SUB> and rGO-SnO<SUB>2</SUB>, followed by GO (~19.1 mg g<SUP>−1</SUP>) and GO-Co(OH)<SUB>2</SUB> (~18.8 mg g<SUP>−1</SUP>). Therefore, the GO-Ni(OH)<SUB>2</SUB> and rGO-SnO<SUB>2</SUB> composites exhibited considerably high capacities to treat streams containing >5 Pa of benzene. However, the lowest adsorption capacity was found for GO-MnO (0.05 mg g<SUP>−1</SUP>). Alternately, if expressed in terms of the 10% breakthrough volume (BTV), the five aforementioned materials showed values of 0.50, 0.46, 0.40, 0.44, and 0.39 L g<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. The experimental data of target sorbents were fitted to linearized Langmuir, Freundlich, Elovich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. Accordingly, the non-linear Langmuir isotherm model revealed the presence of two or more distinct sorption profiles for several of the tested sorbents. Most of the sorbents showed type-III isotherm profiles where the sorption capacity proportional to the loaded volume.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The diverse forms of graphene-based composite with metal oxides were synthesized. </LI> <LI> The adsorption performance of these composites has been evaluated against benzene. </LI> <LI> Empirical isotherm models were employed to interpret the role of metal oxides in the adsorption. </LI> <LI> The possible mechanisms were explained by performance metrics over varying pressure regions. </LI> </UL> </P>

The potential of biochar as sorptive media for removal of hazardous benzene in air

Khan, Azmatullah,Szulejko, Jan E.,Samaddar, Pallabi,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Liu, Botao,Maitlo, Hubdar Ali,Yang, Xiao,Ok, Yong Sik Elsevier 2019 Chemical Engineering Journal Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Airborne benzene is hazardous even at sub-ppm levels. Therefore, an effective strategy is required for its removal, such as the use of a sorbent with large adsorption capacity or high breakthrough volume. To meet the goal, the performance for the removal of benzene was assessed by loading benzene at 5 Pa inlet partial pressure against seven types of biowaste-derived biochar: (1) paper mill sludge, (2) conventional biochar with magnetic properties, (3) biochar composites with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), (4) gasification biochar from mixed feedstock, (5) gasification biochar from a single feedstock, (6) modified gasification biochar, and (7) activated carbon (AC) as a reference. The 298 K maximum adsorption capacities (mg g<SUP>−1</SUP>), when measured at a benzene inlet pressure of 5 Pa (or 50 ppm in ultrapure nitrogen) and flow rate of 50 mL atm min<SUP>−1</SUP>, varied widely for different biochars, from 0.35 (MS: Swine manure + plastic mulch film waste) to 144 mg g<SUP>−1</SUP> (XC-1: biochar from mixed feedstock); their 10% breakthrough volumes (BTV) were in the range of 0.22–492 L g<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. The experimental data (capacity vs. benzene outlet partial pressure) could be fitted to either two or three linearized Langmuir isotherms with distinctive sorption mechanisms ((1) a retrograde region (Type III isotherm: 0 to ∼0.2 Pa), (2) an intermediate pressure region (0.2 and 2.0 Pa), and (3) a higher pressure region (>2 Pa)) which was also confirmed similarly by Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Elovich fitting. About 65% of the maximum capacity was achieved in the retrograde region. The strongest biochar sorbent, XC-1, showed similar performance as activated carbon to prove its feasibility toward air quality management (AQM) applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Performance of biochars for gaseous benzene removal was assessed. </LI> <LI> The adsorption isotherms were assessed by maximum capacity, partition coefficient, and BTV. </LI> <LI> Retrograde was found for activated carbon and gasified/modified biochars. </LI> <LI> The strong sorbents of multiple sorption sites fitted best with Elovich and Langmuir models. </LI> </UL> </P>

Review on metallic components released due to the use of electronic cigarettes

Vinit K. Mishra,Ki-Hyun Kim,Pallabi Samaddar,Sandeep Kumar,M. L. Aggarwal,K. M. Chacko 대한환경공학회 2017 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.22 No.2

The use of electronic cigarettes (ECs) is recognized as a source of many pollutants, just like conventional cigarettes (CCs). The analysis of EC aerosol samples has confirmed the presence of various metallic species. Most of these metals originate from various parts of the cartomizer, e.g., solder joints, wires, and silicate beads. The metal concentration levels in EC samples were shown to be generally two to four orders of magnitude lower than those of CCs. However, the use of ECs can still pose significant human health hazards as consumers are exposed to the toxicity of those metals and many other hazardous pollutants released simultaneously via the vaping of ECs. The review also describes the detection and quantification of various metals in ECs and CCs. This review was carried out to assess the level of metal species released from ECs and to suggest proper guidelines to control consumer exposure.

Hybrid porous thin films: Opportunities and challenges for sensing applications

Kumar, Pawan,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Vellingiri, Kowsalya,Samaddar, Pallabi,Kumar, Parveen,Deep, Akash,Kumar, Naresh Elsevier 2018 Biosensors & bioelectronics Vol.104 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, the scientific progress in the field of thin film materials and their associated sensing technologies are described comprehensively to address the directions for future research and developments as per the need of modern-day technologies. To begin with, we briefly discussed the fundamental synthesis approaches for advanced thin films with an emphasis on the properties necessary for controlled fabrication (e.g., the elemental ratio and spatial arrangement). Subsequently, we explored the control, characterization, and optimization of hybrid porous thin films with respect to diverse sensing applications. The application of hybrid porous thin film materials has also been discussed in relation to the mechanisms used for biological, optical, electrical, acoustic, and other advanced sensing techniques (e.g., surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)). Finally, conclusions are drawn to highlight the current status of thin film-based sensing technology along with its opportunities and challenges.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fundamental synthesis approaches of advanced thin films. </LI> <LI> Here optimization of hybrid porous thin films for advanced sensing techniques is reviewed. </LI> <LI> Current status, opportunities, and challenges are discussed. </LI> </UL> </P>

A comprehensive review on nano-molybdenum disulfide/DNA interfaces as emerging biosensing platforms

Kukkar, Manil,Mohanta, Girish C.,Tuteja, Satish K.,Kumar, Parveen,Bhadwal, Akhshay Singh,Samaddar, Pallabi,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Deep, Akash Elsevier 2018 Biosensors & Bioelectronics Vol.107 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The development of nucleic acid-based portable platforms for the real-time analysis of diseases has attracted considerable scientific and commercial interest. Recently, 2D layered molybdenum sulfide (2D MoS<SUB>2</SUB> from here on) nanosheets have shown great potential for the development of next-generation platforms for efficient signal transduction. Through combination with DNA as a biorecognition medium, MoS<SUB>2</SUB> nanostructures have opened new opportunities to design and construct highly sensitive, specific, and commercially viable sensing devices. The use of specific short ssDNA sequences like aptamers has been proven to bind well with the unique transduction properties of 2D MoS<SUB>2</SUB> nanosheets to realize aptasensing devices. Such sensors can be operated on the principles of fluorescence, electro-cheumuluminescence, and electrochemistry with many advantageous features (e.g., robust biointerfacing through various conjugation chemistries, facile sensor assembly, high stability with regard to temperature/pH, and high affinity to target). This review encompasses the state of the art information on various design tactics and working principles of MoS<SUB>2</SUB>/DNA sensor technology which is emerging as one of the most sought-after and valuable fields with the advent of nucleic acid inspired devices. To help achieve a new milestone in biosensing applications, great potential of this emerging technique is described further with regard to sensitivity, specificity, operational convenience, and versatility.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> In this review, an outlook of 2-D nanomaterial inspired biosensors is described. </LI> <LI> This article focused on MoS<SUB>2</SUB>-DNA/aptamer biosensors and their practical applications. </LI> <LI> 2-D MoS<SUB>2</SUB>-DNA interfaces are recognized as the next-generation biosensors. </LI> </UL> </P>