Formulation and comparative pharmacokinetic evaluation of orodispersible tablets and films of nebivolol hydrochloride

P. Vijayanand,J. S. Patil,M. Venkata Reddy 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.2

Objective of the present research work was toprepare orodispersible tablets and orodispersible films ofnebivolol hydrochloride for dysphagic patients. Nebivololhydrochloride, an anti-hypertensive agent, was chosen as amodel drug in this study. Oral bioavailability of Nebivololhydrochloride is only 12 % in humans due to extensive firstpass hepatic metabolism by Cytochrome P450 2D6enzyme. Orodispersible tablets of Nebivolol hydrochloridewere prepared using different sublimating agents likecamphor, menthol and thymol. The orodispersible tabletformulation containing 10 % w/w of menthol showed adisintegration time of 11 s with more than 98 % drugrelease within 14 min. The orodispersible films of Nebivololhydrochloride were prepared using xanthan gum, guargum and sodium alginate as polymers by solvent castingmethod. Formulation containing 1.5 % w/v of sodiumalginate had disintegration time of 14 s with 99 % drugrelease within 10 min. In-vivo studies of both orodispersibletablets and orodispersible films in rabbits showedsignificantly better pharmacokinetic profile (AUC, Tmax,Cmax) compared to marketed conventional tablets of Nebivololhydrochloride. From this study, it was concludedthat both orodispersible tablets and films of Nebivololhydrochloride may prove to be more efficacious in thetreatment of hypertension in dysphagic patients.

Characterizations of plasma sprayed composite coatings over 1020 mild steel

P. Vijayanand,Amitesh Kumar,K. R. Vijaya Kumar,A. Vinod,P. Kumaran,S. Arungalai Vendan 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.10

The present work deals with the coating of mild steel using plasma spray coating technique to improve surface properties for various industrial applications. Three different composite coating powders namely Al 2 O 3 :TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 :TiO 2 : CNT and Al 2 O 3 : CNT were coated on the surface of mild steel for a thickness of 0.25 mm. Subsequently, the coated samples were tested for their mechanical characteristics namely tensile, compression and hardness followed by tribological investigations primarily comprising of wear analysis. Further, metallurgical analysis engrossing the Scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray diffraction and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis were carried out to assess the homogeneity, spread uniformity and bond integrity of the developed samples. The test results revealed that the performance measure of Al 2 O 3 :TiO 2 : CNT is way ahead than other two powder coatings while carbon nanotube majorly contributes to the strength and quality of the surface coating.

Optimization of Polygalacturonase Production from a Newly Isolated <i>Thalassospira frigidphilosprofundus</i> to Use in Pectin Hydrolysis: Statistical Approach

Rekha, V. P. B.,Ghosh, Mrinmoy,Adapa, Vijayanand,Oh, Sung-Jong,Pulicherla, K. K.,Sambasiva Rao, K. R. S. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 BioMed research international Vol.2013 No.-

<P>The present study deals with the production of cold active polygalacturonase (PGase) by submerged fermentation using <I>Thalassospira frigidphilosprofundus</I>, a novel species isolated from deep waters of Bay of Bengal. Nonlinear models were applied to optimize the medium components for enhanced production of PGase. Taguchi orthogonal array design was adopted to evaluate the factors influencing the yield of PGase, followed by the central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) to identify the optimum concentrations of the key factors responsible for PGase production. Data obtained from the above mentioned statistical experimental design was used for final optimization study by linking the artificial neural network and genetic algorithm (ANN-GA). Using ANN-GA hybrid model, the maximum PGase activity (32.54 U/mL) was achieved at the optimized concentrations of medium components. In a comparison between the optimal output of RSM and ANN-GA hybrid, the latter favored the production of PGase. In addition, the study also focused on the determination of factors responsible for pectin hydrolysis by crude pectinase extracted from <I>T. frigidphilosprofundus</I> through the central composite design. Results indicated 80% degradation of pectin in banana fiber at 20°C in 120 min, suggesting the scope of cold active PGase usage in the treatment of raw banana fibers.</P>

Investigations on the Performance Characteristics of Carbon Nano-tubes, Alumina and Titanium Dioxide Based Plasma Sprayed Coatings on AISI 1020 Steel

Vijayanand Palani,Amitesh Kumar,K. R. Vijaya Kumar,P. Kumaran 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.2

The current study deals with the investigation on the performance characteristics of varying composition of coating mixture comprising carbon nano-tube, alumina and titanium dioxide on the thermal spray coating on mild steel. The performance properties, namely tensile and microhardness, were measured for the varying composition of coating mixture based thermal coating on mild steel. Response surface methodology was adopted to access the interdependencies prevailing between various dependent and independent parameters, namely composition of the mixture, tensile and microhardness. Scanning Electron Microscope coupled with elemental mapping were used to show the melting zones features and composition. The experimental results and response graphs indicated that increased weight percentages of carbon nano-tube and TiO2 with an optimal value of alumina at 87.5 percent of total weight showed better performance properties due to better dispersion leading to good bonding suitable for protective coatings. Scanning Electron Microscope images reveal partially melted zones that were restricted to smaller regions, and all particles tend to solidify beginning with a fully molten phase.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Transformation: Mechanism and Factors

Kumar, Nitish,Vijayanand, K.G.,Reddy, Myppala P.,Singh, Amritpal S.,Naraynan, Subhash Institute of Forest Science 2009 Journal of Forest Science Vol.25 No.3

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation has been widely used for the production of genetically modified transgenic plants to obtain specific desired traits. Most of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the transformation steps have been well elucidated over the years. However, a few steps, such as nuclear targeting, T-DNA integration, and Agrobacterium-plant proteins involved remain largely obscure and are still under extensive studies. This review describes the major steps involved in the molecular mechanism of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and provides insight in the recent developments in studies on the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation system. Some factors affecting the transformation efficiency are also briefly discussed.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Transformation: Mechanism and Factors

Nitish Kumar,K.G. Vijayanand,Muppala P. Reddy,Amritpal S. Singh,Subhash Naraynan 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2009 Journal of Forest Science Vol.25 No.3

Agrobacterium–mediated genetic transformation has been widely used for the production of genetically modified transgenic plants to obtain specific desired traits. Most of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the transformation steps have been well elucidated over the years. However, a few steps, such as nuclear targeting, T-DNA integration, and Agrobacterium-plant proteins involved remain largely obscure and are still under extensive studies. This review describes the major steps involved in the molecular mechanism of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and provides insight in the recent developments in studies on the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation system. Some factors affecting the transformation efficiency are also briefly discussed.

Correlation between EGFR Gene Mutations and Lung Cancer: a Hospital-Based Study

Kavitha, Matam,Iravathy, Goud,Adi Maha, Lakshmi M,Ravi, V,Sridhar, K,Vijayanand, Reddy P,Chakravarthy, Srinivas,Prasad, SVSS,Tabassum, Shaik Nazia,Shaik, Noor Ahmad,Syed, Rabbani,Alharbi, Khalid Khala Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.16

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the targeted molecular markers in many cancers including lung malignancies. Gefitinib and erlotinib are two available therapeutics that act as specific inhibitors of tyrosine kinase (TK) domains. We performed a case-control study with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks (FFPE) from tissue biopsies of 167 non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients and 167 healthy controls. The tissue biopsies were studied for mutations in exons 18-21 of the EGFR gene. This study was performed using PCR followed by DNA sequencing. We identified 63 mutations in 33 men and 30 women. Mutations were detected in exon 19 (delE746-A750, delE746-T751, delL747-E749, delL747-P753, delL747-T751) in 32 patients, exon 20 (S786I, T790M) in 16, and exon 21 (L858R) in 15. No mutations were observed in exon 18. The 63 patients with EFGR mutations were considered for upfront therapy with oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drugs and have responded well to therapy over the last 15 months. The control patients had no mutations in any of the exons studied. The advent of EGFR TKI therapy has provided a powerful new treatment modality for patients diagnosed with NSCLC. The study emphasizes the frequency of EGFR mutations in NSCLC patients and its role as an important predictive marker for response to oral TKI in the south Indian population.