Ginseng and Its Active Components Ginsenosides Inhibit Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells by Regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9

Oh, Jaeho,Lee, Hyunghee,Park, Dongmin,Ahn, Jiwon,Shin, Soon Shik,Yoon, Michung Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2012 No.-

<P>The growth and development of adipose tissue are believed to require adipogenesis, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. As our previous study revealed that ginseng reduces adipose tissue mass in part by decreasing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in obese mice, we hypothesized that adipogenesis can be inhibited by ginseng and its active components ginsenosides (GSs). Treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with Korean red ginseng extract (GE) inhibited lipid accumulation and the expression of adipocyte-specific genes (PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I>, C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I>, aP2, and leptin). GE decreased both the mRNA levels and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in 3T3-L1 cells. These effects were further inhibited by total GSs (TGSs) and individual GSs. TGSs and individual GSs also significantly decreased MMP-2 and MMP-9 reporter gene activities in the presence of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), the MMP inducer. Among the GSs, Rb1 most effectively inhibited MMP activity. In addition, PMA treatment attenuated the inhibitory actions of GE and GSs on adipogenesis. Moreover, GE and GSs reduced the expression of NF-<I><I>κ</I></I>B and AP-1, the transcription factors of MMP-2 and MMP-9. These results demonstrate that ginseng, in particular GSs, effectively inhibits adipogenesis and that this process may be mediated in part through the suppression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Thus, ginseng and GSs likely have therapeutic potential for controlling adipogenesis.</P>

Efficient Target Object Localization Model Based on Biologically Motivated Visual Selective Attention

Oh, Jaeho,Kwon, Chang-Beom,Ban, Sang-Woo Global Vision School Publication 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.7

Fenofibrate Inhibits Visceral Adiposity by Inhibiting UCPs in C57BL/6J Mice Fed on a High Fat Diet

Jaeho Oh,Michung Yoon 대한의생명과학회 2012 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.18 No.4

We investigated to verify whether the PPARα agonist fenofibrate regulates adipose tissue metabolism and to determine the molecular mechanism involved in this regulation. After male mice (C57BL/6J) received a high fat diet with or without fenofibrate for 6 weeks, the effects of fenofibrate on not only adipose tissue weight, visceral adipocyte size, serum lipid and glucose levels, but also the expression of uncoupling proteins (UCPs). Mice given a fenofibrate-supplemented high fat diet showed reduced both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue weights versus high fat diet-fed animals. The size of visceral adipocytes was significantly decreased by fenofibrate treatment. The administration of fenofibrate resulted in decreased serum levels of triglycerides, free fatty acids, and glucose. Moreover, fenofibrate up-regulated mRNA levels of visceral adipose tissue UCP2 and skeletal muscle UCP3. Therefore, our results suggest that the increases in the expression of UCPs by fenofibrate seem to suppress diet-induced visceral adiposity as well as severe hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia in male mice.

Lifetime Prediction of Flame Retardant-Filled Ethylene-Propylene-Diene-Termonomer Rubber Compounds

Jaeho Oh(오재호),Gopi Sathi Shibulal(고피사티 쉬부랄),Bismark Mensah(비스마르크 맨사),Dae-Up Ahn(안대업),Seong-Jin Kim(김성진),Kwang-Un Jeong(정광운),Changwoon Nah(나창운) 한국고분자학회 2015 폴리머 Vol.39 No.5

여러 가지 난연제(Sb₂O₃, 브롬 및 염소계 난연제)를 함유하는 에틸렌-프로필렌-디엔-터모노머(EPDM) 고무컴파운드의 수명을 예측하였다. 각 고무 컴파운드에 대해 120, 135, 150, 165℃온도조건에서 열노화를 진행하고 노화전후의 인장특성을 조사하였다. 본 연구에서는 노화전 파단신장률이 50%로 감소되는 시간을 수명이라 정의하고 Dakin-Arrhenius 방정식을 이용하여 수명을 예측하였다. 미충전 EPDM과 Sb₂O₃,을 함유한 EPDM의 경우 상온에서 100년에 가까운 수명이 예측되었다. 그러나 브롬계 난연제를 단독 혹은 Sb2O3와 혼용한 EPDM의 경우 미충전EPDM 수명의 절반으로 감소하였다. 염소계 난연제를 단독 혹은 Sb₂O₃,와 혼용한 EPDM의 경우 각각 90년과 82년으로 예측되었다. The lifetime of ethylene-propylene-diene-termonomer (EPDM) based rubber compounds with various flame retardants (FRs) including antimony trioxide (Sb₂O₃), halogenated (Br, Cl) materials and their combinations with Sb₂O₃ have been explored in this study. The tensile properties of the compounds have been evaluated before and after the thermal ageing over a range of temperatures, 120, 135, 150 and 165℃ for different span of time. A 50% reduction in elongation at break (EB) due to thermal ageing is fixed as a failure criterion to predict the lifetime with the help of Dakin- Arrhenius equations. The predicted lifetime of the base EPDM and its Sb₂O₃-filled compounds shows almost 100 years at ambient temperature. However, the bromine containing flame retardant-filled EPDM as well as its combination with Sb₂O₃-filled EPDM compounds have reduced their lifetime to almost half of the lifetime of base EPDM. The predicted lifetime of EPDM compounds with chlorine containing FR and its combination with Sb₂O₃ shows around 90 years and 82 years, respectively.

Efficient Target Object Localization Model Based on Biologically Motivated Visual Selective Attention

Jaeho Oh,Chang-Beom Kwon,Sang-Woo Ban 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.7

This work proposes a novel biologically motivated visual selective attention model for efficient visual searching, which is implemented by integrating three attention mechanisms: bottom-up attention, top-down attention, and spatial attention. Bottom-up attention generates salient locations by reflecting top-down biases as well as three primitive visual features: intensity, edge and color. Prototype-based object perception is proposed for top-down attention, in which a 3-D color histogram is applied to generate a prototype of the target object. And experience based spatial attention can determine acceleration to localize a target object, which is modeled by using memorized spatial location information updated by object-localization experience. In order to verify the performance of the proposed visual selective attention model, we apply the proposed model to a real application in pedestrian traffic signal detection, to be utilized as part of a blind guide system. The proposed selective attention model shows plausible performance in terms of accuracy and computation time while efficiently localizing pedestrian traffic signals.

The herbal composition GGEx18 from <i>Laminaria japonica, Rheum palmatum</i>, and <i>Ephedra sinica</i> inhibits visceral obesity and insulin resistance by upregulating visceral adipose genes involved in fatty acid oxidation

Oh, Jaeho,Lee, Hyunghee,Lim, Hyesook,Woo, Sangee,Shin, Soon Shik,Yoon, Michung Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. 2015 PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY Vol.53 No.2

<P><I>Context</I>: The herbal composition Gyeongshingangjeehwan 18 (GGEx18) extracted from <I>Rheum palmatum</I> L. (Polygonaceae<I>), Laminaria japonica</I> Aresch (Laminariaceae), and <I>Ephedra sinica</I> Stapf (Ephedraceae) is traditionally used as an anti-obesity drug by local clinics in Korea.</P><P><I>Objective</I>: This study investigates the effects of GGEx18 on visceral obesity and insulin resistance and determines the molecular mechanisms involved in this process.</P><P><I>Materials and methods</I>: After C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet supplemented with GGEx18 (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) for 8 weeks and 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with GGEx18 (0.1, 1, and 10 μg/ml); variables and determinants of visceral obesity and insulin resistance were measured using <I>in vivo</I> and <I>in vitro</I> approaches.</P><P><I>Results</I>: Administration of GGEx18 to obese mice decreased visceral adipose tissue weight with an ED<SUB>50</SUB> value of 232 mg/kg. 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with GGEx18 showed a reduction in lipid accumulation with an ED<SUB>50</SUB> value of 0.7 µg/ml. GGEx18 significantly increased the expression of fatty acid oxidation genes, including adiponectin, AMPKs, PPARα and its target enzymes, and CPT-1, in both mesenteric adipose tissues and 3T3-L1 cells. However, GGEx18 treatment decreased the mRNA levels of adipocyte marker genes such as PPARγ, aP2, TNFα, and leptin. GGEx18 normalized hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in obese mice. Blood glucose levels of GGEx18-treated mice were significantly reduced during oral glucose tolerance tests compared with obese controls.</P><P><I>Discussion and conclusion</I>: These results suggest that GGEx18 may treat visceral obesity and visceral obesity-related insulin resistance by upregulating the visceral adipose expression of fatty acid oxidative genes.</P>

합리성과 도덕의 관계에 관한 연구

오재호(Oh, Jaeho) 새한철학회 2016 哲學論叢 Vol.84 No.2

이 글의 목적은 합리성과 도덕의 관계를 선택과 적응과 관련하여 검토하는 것이다. 도덕은 개인의 성공적인 사회화를 위한 합리적 도구이며, 한편으로는 문화적 진화의 산물이다. 사회과학에서 개인은 효용을 극대화하려는 합리적인 존재로 규정되어 왔지만 실제로는 감각과 느낌에 의존하여 실현 가능한 해결책을 찾는 데 만족한다. 감각이나 감정은 이성에 반한다는 오랜 철학적 통념과 달리 사회 적응에 합리적인 기제로 작동하기도 한다. 사회 적응은 합리적인 판단에 의해서만 아니라 무의식적이고 직관적인 행동에 의해서도 이루어진다. 도덕은 개인의 사회 적응을 위해 요구되는 동시에 사회 질서와 존속에 기여하는 문화양식이다. 생물의 진화와 마찬가지로 문화를 목적성 없는 자연 선택의 결과라고 할 때 인류의 진화는 유전자와 문화의 공진화로 이해될 수 있다. 도덕은 의식적인 선택에 의해서보다 감정과 직관에 의하여 드러나며, 개인과 공동체 안에서 끊임없이 그 세력을 강화하고 확장하는 자기 복제자에 비유될 수 있다. 도덕은 주관적인 목적 실현과 인류 공동체의 존속이라는 두 측면에서 합리성과 교차한다. 목적성이 없는 진화의 체계에서, 지향성을 지닌 비인격적 통제자를 도덕에 비유함으로써 인간 행동의 합리성은 의식과 무의식을 아우르는 보다 큰 틀에서 새롭게 이해될 수 있다. The purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between rationality and morality in regard to the selection and adaptation. Morality is a reasonable tool for successful socialization of individuals and also a product of the cultural evolution. Individuals in the social sciences has been defined as the rational agent who maximizes utility. However, Individuals actually are satisfied to discover a feasible solution by sense and emotion. Unlike a philosophically accepted idea that sensor or emotion runs counter to reason, they are activated rationally for social adaptation. Social adaptation is realized not only based on the reasonable judgment but also by the unconscious and intuitive action. Morality is a cultural code that is required for the social adaptation of individual and also contribute to the continuance of the community. If a culture, in common with organism, is the product of natural selection in which there is no objective, human evolution would be recognized as a coevolution of organism and culture. It would be revealed by emotion rather than intentional choice and can also be compared to a self replicator who constantly strengthen and expand its power in individual and communities. In the scheme of evolution that there is no direction, by analogy between the morality and impersonal controller with intentionality, the rationality of human behavior can be well understood in the larger framework that encompass consciousness and unconsciousness

HoG와 색히스토그램을 이용한 기와 훼손 검출 모델

오재호(Jaeho Oh),봉영훈(Bong-Young Hun),정민(Min Jung),반상우(Sang-Woo Ban) 대한전자공학회 2021 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.6

무기체계 임베디드 테스트 성숙도 모델을 위한 구조 설계와 프로세스 영역 분류

오재호 ( Jaeho Oh ),윤희병 ( Heebyung Yoon ) 한국정보처리학회 2006 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.13 No.2

소프트웨어 테스트 프로세스는 소프트웨어 개발 과정에서 매우 중요한 요소이다. 현재 많은 소프트웨어 개발 조직들이 소프트웨어의 품질을 높이기 위한 방법으로 소프트웨어 테스트 프로세스에 대한개선을 추진하고 있다. 특히 무기체계에서 사용되는 소프트웨어는 일반적인 소프트웨어와 달리 그 기능이 더욱 첨단화되고 품질의 중요성이 더욱 강조되고 있어 품질 개선을 위한 테스트 프로세스의 개선이 지속적으로 요구된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 기존의 성숙도 모델을 분석하고 무기체계 임베디드 소프트웨어 테스트 프로세스의 특성을 반영한 무기체계 임베디드 테스트 성숙도 모델(WEmb-TMM)을 위한 핵심영역을 도출하고 WEmb-TMM의 구조 설계와 프로세스 영역을 분류한다. WEmb-TMM 을 통해 무기체계 임베디드 소프트웨어 개발조직의 테스트 프로세스 개선과 함께 소프트웨어의 품질 향상에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

시선기반 사용자 선호 반영 MPEG-V 실감효과 메타데이터 생성 모델

오재호(Jaeho Oh),반상우(Sang-Woo Ban) 대한전자공학회 2016 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.6