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Ogden, Mustafa,Akgul, Mehmet Huseyin,Yuksel, Ulas,Bakar, Bulent,Kamasak, Kagan,Ozveren, Mehmet Faik The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2018 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.61 No.5
Objective : It has been reported in recent studies that 50-80% of patients with cervical disc hernia have concomitant sleep disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of sleep before and after surgical treatment in patients with cervical disc hernia and to assess the effects on treatment. Methods : The study included 32 patients performed discectomy and fusion with an intervertebral cage through the right anterior cervical approach. Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were applied to all patients preoperatively and at one month postoperatively. Results : The postoperative PSQI total points and all the PSQI subscale points, the ODI and VAS scores were significantly reduced compared to the preoperative values. A positive correlation was determined between the preoperative ODI points and the PSQI total points and sleep duration, sleep latency and daytime functional loss subscale points. A positive correlation was also found between preoperative ODI points and VAS points. A positive correlation was determined between the preoperative VAS points and and the PSQI total points and sleep duration, and sleep latency subscale points. A negative correlation was determined between the postoperative ODI and the daytime functional loss subscale points. Conclusion : The results of the study showed that in patients with cervical disc hernia, sleep quality and daytime functionality were negatively affected by severity of pain that limited daily activities. Bringing the pain under control with surgical treatment was observed to increase sleep quality. It can be concluded that when planning treatment for these patients, it should be taken into consideration that there could be a sleep disorder in addition to the complaints and symptoms such as pain, hypoestesia and loss of strength.
A Normalized Dragon: Constructing China’s Security Identity
Chris Ogden 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2013 Pacific Focus Vol.28 No.2
What has structured Chinese security practice over the last 100 years since the Xinhai (1911) Revolution? Moreover, what are the ideational principles and norms that have influenced China’s international relations? Employing an analytical framework concerning norm creation (“security identity”), this article details how different norms originated, became established and subsequently served to orientate Chinese foreign policy behavior. Such a process has been critically informed by China’s international interaction, learning and experience across the last 100 years, revealing how past relations can inform present and future conduct. Undertaking an analysis in this fashion implies not so much how a state “should” behave but instead indicates the broad continuities structuring its security practice. From the focus upon security identity (which gives ideational rather than structural explanations of security behavior), our analysis rests upon the elucidation of three interrelated normative sources. These three sources have been tempered via the interplay between China’s international interaction and internal political developments, and show the ideational precedents in China’s foreign policy behavior. The three sources are: (i) the political (internal political developments);(ii) the physical (relations with neighboring/bordering states); and (iii) the perceptual (conceptions of self, the international system and their mutual relationship). Overall, the article finds a relative consistency to how security has been ideationally conceived of in China, and highlights three core norms essential to such a conception – centralized control, territorial restoration, and (re)becoming a great power.
Post-Colonial, Pre-BJP: The Normative Parameters of India's Security Identity, 1947–1998
Chris Ogden 서울대학교행정대학원 2009 Asian Journal of Political Science Vol.17 No.2
What structured the fundamental nature of Indian security for the first 50 years of thecountry’s independence? This article draws out four normative parameters that havebeen tempered and normalised during this period through India’s internationalinteraction along with her internal political developments. Using notions of ‘securityidentity’, the article unpacks these normative parameters in order to investigateholistically the interaction between both domestic and foreign influences in India’sinternational relations. As such, the article finds a relative consistency to how security hasbeen conceived of in India*displaying sustained threats to its territorial integrity, acontinued democratic tradition, ongoing fears of communal violence plus an engraineddesire for a greater global role. In turn, it has been the interface between internal andexternal factors that has structured, and continues to structure, Indian security.
Variance components estimation in the presence of drift
Kim, Jaehee,Ogden, Todd The Korean Statistical Society 2016 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.23 No.1
Variance components should be estimated based on mean change when the mean of the observations drift gradually over time. Consistent estimators for the variance components are studied for a particular modeling situation with some underlying functions or drift. We propose a new variance estimator with Fourier estimation of variations. The consistency of the proposed estimator is proved asymptotically. The proposed procedures are studied and compared empirically with the variance estimators removing trends. The result shows that our variance estimator has a smaller mean square error and depends on drift patterns. We estimate and apply the variance to Nile River flow data and resting state fMRI data.
Kim, Jaehee,Ogden, Robert Todd,Kim, Haseong BioMed Central 2013 BMC bioinformatics Vol.14 No.-
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Time course gene expression experiments are an increasingly popular method for exploring biological processes. Temporal gene expression profiles provide an important characterization of gene function, as biological systems are both developmental and dynamic. With such data it is possible to study gene expression changes over time and thereby to detect differential genes. Much of the early work on analyzing time series expression data relied on methods developed originally for static data and thus there is a need for improved methodology. Since time series expression is a temporal process, its unique features such as autocorrelation between successive points should be incorporated into the analysis.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>This work aims to identify genes that show different gene expression profiles across time. We propose a statistical procedure to discover gene groups with similar profiles using a nonparametric representation that accounts for the autocorrelation in the data. In particular, we first represent each profile in terms of a Fourier basis, and then we screen out genes that are not differentially expressed based on the Fourier coefficients. Finally, we cluster the remaining gene profiles using a model-based approach in the Fourier domain. We evaluate the screening results in terms of sensitivity, specificity, FDR and FNR, compare with the Gaussian process regression screening in a simulation study and illustrate the results by application to yeast cell-cycle microarray expression data with alpha-factor synchronization.</P><P>The key elements of the proposed methodology: (i) representation of gene profiles in the Fourier domain; (ii) automatic screening of genes based on the Fourier coefficients and taking into account autocorrelation in the data, while controlling the false discovery rate (FDR); (iii) model-based clustering of the remaining gene profiles.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Using this method, we identified a set of cell-cycle-regulated time-course yeast genes. The proposed method is general and can be potentially used to identify genes which have the same patterns or biological processes, and help facing the present and forthcoming challenges of data analysis in functional genomics.</P>
Pre-fabricated Systems in Housing Using Light Steel and Modular Construction
R M Lawson,R G Ogden,R Pedreschi,S O Popo Ola 한국강구조학회 2005 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.5 No.5
This paper reviews recent developments in housing using pre-fabricated construction systems based on light stel andmodular technologies. Examples of recent important European projects using these technologies are illustrated, including hybridbrickwork, and testing of complete buildings is presented.