Completion of Korean decentralization model through the success of Jeju Special Self- Governing Province1 -Lessons and Future of Jeju Special Self-Governing Province-

Nuri Oh,Sanghyun Kim,Duksoon Yang 세계환경사회거버넌스학회 2020 World Environment and Island Studies Vol.10 No.4

Identification and characterization of drought‑induced long noncoding RNAs (DRILs) in rice

Oh Nuri,Seo Jun Sung,Chung Pil Joong,Lee Jimin,Seo Jang-Kyun,Kang Jin-Ho,Cho Hye Sun,Jung Choonkyun 한국응용생명화학회 2022 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.65 No.6

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as transcriptional regulators in plants and animals. To date, they have been reported to regulate various biological processes, such as phosphate homeostasis, grain yield, and fertility in rice (Oryza sativa L.). However, the lncRNAs involved in abiotic stress responses remain poorly identified in rice. In this study, we analyzed the expression profiles of lncRNAs using public rice transcriptome datasets derived from abiotic stress-treated samples. We found that the expression of thousands of rice lncRNAs was significantly altered in the shoot and root tissues under different abiotic stresses (drought, high salinity, low temperature, and abscisic acid). We selected six novel drought-induced lncRNAs (DRILs, specifically DRIL1 to DRIL6) for further study. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed the differential expression patterns of these DRILs under various stress conditions. The expression of abiotic stress-responsive genes was upregulated in the protoplasts by transiently overexpressed DRIL1 and DRIL4. Therefore, DRILs may be involved in the transcriptional regulation of abiotic stress-responsive genes in rice.

Reversible Size-Tuning of Self-Assembled Silver Nanoparticles in Phospholipid Membranes via Humidity Control

Oh, Nuri,Kim, Jung Hoon,Jin, Sungho,Yoon, Chong Seung WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Small Vol.5 No.11

<P>A monolayer of 5-nm-sized Ag nanoparticles embedded in a liquid-crystalline lipid membrane undergoes a reversible morphological change during hydration and dehydration of the lipid membrane. High mobility of the encapsulating lipid molecules, chemically bound to the Ag atoms, induces redistribution of metal particles to produce significant and optically detectable changes in nanoparticle morphology. The morphological change occurs on a time scale that enables the Ag-nanoparticle-embedded membrane to be used as a convenient visual sensor for moisture and other organic solvents, as well as for biosensing by virtue of the biocompatibility of the lipid molecules. The mechanism demonstrated here can also be extended to construct guided nanostructures based on self-assembled nanoparticles.</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>A monolayer of 5-nm Ag nanoparticles embedded in a liquid-crystalline lipid membrane undergoes a reversible morphological change during hydration and dehydration of the lipid membrane (see image). High mobility of the encapsulating lipid molecules, chemically bound to the Ag atoms, induces redistribution of metal to produce significant and optically detectable changes in nanoparticle morphology during the lipid phase transition. <img src='wiley_img/16136810-2009-5-11-SMLL200801536-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/16136810-2009-5-11-SMLL200801536-content'> </P>

Endocytosis and exocytosis of nanoparticles in mammalian cells

Oh, Nuri,Park, Ji-Ho Dove Medical Press 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.9 No.1

<P>Engineered nanoparticles that can be injected into the human body hold tremendous potential to detect and treat complex diseases. Understanding of the endocytosis and exocytosis mechanisms of nanoparticles is essential for safe and efficient therapeutic application. In particular, exocytosis is of significance in the removal of nanoparticles with drugs and contrast agents from the body, while endocytosis is of great importance for the targeting of nanoparticles in disease sites. Here, we review the recent research on the endocytosis and exocytosis of functionalized nanoparticles based on various sizes, shapes, and surface chemistries. We believe that this review contributes to the design of safe nanoparticles that can efficiently enter and leave human cells and tissues.</P>

Macrophage-Mediated Exocytosis of Elongated Nanoparticles Improves Hepatic Excretion and Cancer Phototherapy

Oh, Nuri,Kim, Yongjoo,Kweon, Hee-Seok,Oh, Wang-Yuhl,Park, Ji-Ho American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.34

<P>The introduction of nanoparticle-mediated delivery and therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment approaches. However, there has been limited success in clinical trials because current approaches have not simultaneously satisfied therapeutic efficacy and biosafety criteria to an adequate degree. Here, we employ efficient macrophage-mediated exocytosis of elongated nanoparticles to facilitate their localization in tumor cells for cancer therapy and their transport to hepatocytes for hepatobiliary excretion. In vitro studies show that PEGylated high-aspect ratio gold nanoparticles exit macrophages more rapidly and remain in tumor cells longer, compared with low-aspect ratio and spherical nanoparticles. In tumors, high-aspect ratio nanoparticles tend to stay in tumor cells and escape from tumor-associated macrophages when they are taken up by those cells. In the liver, high-aspect ratio nanoparticles cleared by Kupffer cells mostly take the hepatobiliary excretion pathway through efficient Kupffer cell-hepatocyte transfer. Furthermore, we demonstrate that time-dependent localization of elongated gold nanoparticles toward tumor cells in tumor tissues enhances the overall phototherapeutic outcome. Engineering nanoparticles to modulate their exocytosis provides a new approach to improve cancer nanomedicine and pave the way toward clinical translation.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Surface Chemistry of Gold Nanoparticles Mediates Their Exocytosis in Macrophages

Oh, Nuri,Park, Ji-Ho American Chemical Society 2014 ACS NANO Vol.8 No.6

<P>Significant quantities of synthetic nanoparticles circulating in the body are cleared and retained for long periods of time in the resident macrophages of the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS), increasing the likelihood of nanoparticle-mediated chronic toxicity. To date, there has been limited effort to understand how these nanoparticles leave the macrophages. Here, we demonstrate that the native surface chemistries of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and their subsequent opsonization by serum proteins play critical roles in the exocytosis patterns in macrophages. The cationic GNPs were retained in the cells for a relatively long time, likely due to their intracellular agglomeration. In contrast, the PEGylated GNPs migrated in the cytoplasm in the form of individual particles and exited the cells rapidly because the PEG coating mitigated interactions between GNPs and intracellular proteins. Additionally, their exocytosis pattern was not significantly governed by the size, particularly in the range from 10 to 40 nm. These results suggest that systemic excretion and toxicity of nanoparticles cleared in the MPS could be modulated by engineering their surface chemistry.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2014/ancac3.2014.8.issue-6/nn501668a/production/images/medium/nn-2014-01668a_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn501668a'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Synthesis of colorless and highly refractive Poly(phenylene thioether ether) derived from 2,7-(4,4′-diphenol)thiothianthrene

Oh, Nuri,Nam, Ki-Ho,Goh, Munju,Ku, Bon-Cheol,Kim, Jeung Gon,You, Nam-Ho Butterworth Scientific Ltd. etc. 2019 Polymer Vol.165 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Totally colorless, transparent, and highly refractive poly(phenylene thioether ether)s (PPTEs) containing thianthrene-2,7-disulfanyl moiety were developed in this study. A new 4,4′-diol aromatic compound, 2,7-(4,4′-diphenol)thiothianthrene (DPTT), with a high sulfur content was designed and synthesized to develop polymers with high refractive indices and high thermal stabilities. The PPTEs were prepared by polycondensation of DPTT with organic dihalogen compounds, such as 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile (DFBN) and 4,6-dichloro-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine (DCMP). The obtained polymers showed good thermal stabilities such as relatively high glass transition temperatures (<I>T</I> <SUB>g</SUB>s) in the range of 153–176 °C and 5% weight loss temperatures (<I>T</I> <SUB>5%</SUB>) over 344 °C. The cut-off wavelengths (<I>λ</I> <SUB>0</SUB>) of the PPTE films are shorter than 343 nm, and they have a transmittance higher than 93% at 550 nm. The combination of the pyrimidine and high sulfur-containing thianthrene derivatives provides the PPTEs with a high refractive index of 1.7204 and a small birefringence of 0.0106 at 637 nm.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Colorless, transparent, and highly refractive poly(phenylene thioether ether)s was prepared by polycondensation reaction. </LI> <LI> The polymer films exhibited a refractive index of in the range of 1.7188–1.7204 with low birefringence values. </LI> <LI> The poly(phenylene thioether ether)s showed a high thermal stability (>360 °C). </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>This paper represent synthesis and characterization of highly refractive and transparent poly(phenylene thioether ether)s (PPTEs) containing thianthrene-2,7-disulfanyl moiety in the polymer chains. The PPTEs were prepared by polycondensation of DPTT with organic dihalogen compounds, such as 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile (DFBN) and 4,6-dichloro-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine (DCMP). The polymer exhibited high refractive indices in the range of 1.7188–1.7204 with low birefringence values in the range of 0.0114–0.0106 and a high thermal stability (>360 °C) and optical transparency.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

The role of ELK3 to regulate peritumoral lymphangiogenesis and VEGF-C production in triple negative breast cancer cells

Oh, Nuri,Park, Ji-In,Park, Ji-Hoon,Kim, Kwang-Soo,Lee, Dong Ryul,Park, Kyung-Soon Elsevier 2017 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Tumor-induced lymphangiogenesis, a major conduit for cancer cell dissemination from the primary tumor site to lymph nodes and beyond, eventually leads to metastasis in cancer patients. Given the recent evidence revealing that the suppression of ELK3 inhibits the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer cells, we aimed to study the underlying mechanism of impaired metastasis in ELK3-suppressed MDA-MB-231 cells (ELK3 KD) with regard to lymphangiogenesis. We found that the secretome of ELK3 KD cells inhibited tube formation, whereas it promoted the migration and invasion of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) <I>in vitro</I>. <I>In vivo</I> analysis revealed that peritumoral lymphatic vessels were not developed around the xenografted tumors of ELK3 KD. We further revealed that the suppression of NF-κB signaling in ELK3 KD was the primary cause of the reduced VEGFC expression. Taken together, we suggest that ELK3 is an upstream regulator of the NF-κB signaling pathway, the inhibition of which leads to the suppression of peritumoral lymphatic vessel development, possibly due to a low VEGFC expression.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Suppression of ELK3 impairs lymphangiogenic activity of MDA-MB-231 cells <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>. </LI> <LI> ELK3 regulates VEGFC expression in the MDA-MB-231. </LI> <LI> Suppression of NF-κB signaling in ELK3 knock-downed MDA-MB-231 is the primary cause of the reduced VEGF-C expression. </LI> </UL> </P>

GOPE: Geometry-Aware Optimal Viewpoint Path Estimation Using a Monocular Camera

Nuri Kim,Yunho Choi,Minjae Kang,Songhwai Oh 제어로봇시스템학회 2020 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.10

The goal of the optimal viewpoint path estimation is to generate a path to the optimal viewpoint location where the robot can best see the Point of Interest (POI). There are several learning-based methods to find an optimal viewpoint, but these methods are limited to a specific object POI and it is necessary to newly learn in a situation where a new POI is added, and not robust to the environment changes. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that generates a path to the optimal viewpoint by using the geometrical features of the environment in the situation where the target POI is in the field of view. This method makes it easy to add new POIs and is robust to environmental changes because it uses semantic and geometric information. We assume that the robot can make a simple estimation of the geometric characteristics of the surrounding environment by using pretrained networks or by using sensor values. We collected the Kwanjeong street dataset for testing our algorithm. In this dataset, the distance accuracy of our method to reach the optimal viewpoint of the POI achieved 81.8% and 70.9% for template matching accuracy.

Semantic Descriptors into Representation for Robust Indoor Visual Place Recognition

Nuri Kim,Minjae Kang,Songhwai Oh 제어로봇시스템학회 2021 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

Visual place localization (VPL) is a problem finding the closest database image from a query image. Since the outdoor images can be recognized from GPS sensors, VPL in an indoor scene is a difficult problem. Also, Image changes indoors are more severe than outdoors. It is because the position of objects can be easily changed indoors. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel localization dataset with 3D objects considering their physical locations in a scene and encode semantic information using neural networks. Experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms other baseline methods on our localization dataset.