교육자로서의 A.Schoenberg

박문정 同德女子大學校 1993 同大論叢 Vol.23 No.1

Arnold Schoenberg(1874∼1951), one 0of the centural figure in the 20th-century musical world and a leader of serial music, ws also a great music educator. He taught almost half-century officially and privately. Many of his articles and much of his activity was aimed at teaching. Many important 20th-century composers, scholars, and music writers were his pupils. Among them, Alban Berg and Anton Webern belong to the most influential and important composers of this century. The great teacher, Schoenberg was ironically almost entirely self-taught. Some instructions in violin and a few lessons with A. Zemlinsky in music theory and composition comprise the whold of his tuition. His self-teaching of music began with his violin lessons. He wrote a piece for violin after each lesson in the style of the previous work. He also taught himself to play the cello by application of what he had learned in his violin instructions. Schoenberg stated that his models for composition were the classic masters, such as J.S. Bach, L.van Beethoven, R. Schumann, J. Brahms, etc. and he became acquainted with the great masterpieces by his own analysis of them. By this process, Schoenberg developed his own way of teaching and intensively taught himself when he started teaching others, he applied the same method. Schoenberg's philosophy of pedagogy was, “The genuis learns from nature-his own nature-the man of talent from art.” To achieve his idea, Schoenberg attempted to teach not only the technical problems of composition but also the development of their personality to the point of self-expression. Also, he emphasized that a teacher must be a model for his students in as much ways as possible. He tried to give each student individual care. He always gave instructions, rules, and advices in a positive way to the students. Also his point of views was that the music must be learned like a trade. One cannot become a composerunless he has a strong desire to compose and devote himself wholley to it. Schoenberg stressed that the student must understand the fundamental laws of a composition and he may acquire these only by a thorough analysis of the masterpieces. His method of teaching was distinctively his own. With experience he worked out his own exceptional way of teaching. He must have innate gift for pedagogy and it was fortified by his teaching experience. What he wanted to be the model for his pupils was his continuous seeking for higher attainments.

加味牛膝湯이 實驗動物의 鎭痛에 미치는 影響

金炯均,權文鉉,오로사,金成宰,李彦政,李峰根 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1996 원광한의학 Vol.6 No.1

Erosion wear on centrifugal pump casing due to slurry flow

Noon, A.A.,Kim, M.H. Elsevier Sequoia [etc.] 2016 Wear: An international journal on the science and Vol.364 No.-

<P>Erosion wear is recognized as an engineering problem in slurry handling and transportation equipment such as centrifugal pumps, which are widely used in numerous industries for this purpose. The present work shows erosion damage predictions in lime slurry pumps in a process industry, Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI), Khewra, District Jhelum, Pakistan. Three-dimensional numerical analysis has been conducted for the prediction of erosion and its effect on the head and efficiency losses for lime slurry flow through centrifugal pumps. The tongue and belly portions of the volute casing are found to be the most affected regions of erosion damage. It has been found that erosion loss increases with impact velocity, concentration by weight, and diameter of the solid particles. The effect of temperature seems to be critical for erosion damage as it enhances the phenomenon of corrosion-erosion. The simulation results are compared and validated against both data provided by ICI and published experimental data. The results are found to be in good agreement. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Erosion wear on Francis turbine components due to sediment flow

Aslam Noon, A.,Kim, M.H. Elsevier Sequoia [etc.] 2017 Wear: An international journal on the science and Vol.378 No.-

<P>Sediment particles flowing through the turbine components erode the surface in interaction. Erosive wear of hydro turbine components generally depends on different parameters such as concentration, size and shape of the sediments particle, velocity of flow, properties of the base material of the turbine components and operating hours of the turbine. Tarbela Dam Hydel Project (TDHP) located in the Himalayan range in Pakistan is facing the same problem. The sediments particle have caused damage to the plant equipment, mainly to the turbine components; stay vanes, guide vanes, runner and draft tube. As a result, these components are disassembled and refurbished almost every year. Analysis have been performed on one of the Francis turbine units to predict the effect of sediment particles concentration, size and shape on erosion rate. Gradual removal of the base material has changed the profiles of various components of the turbine and also has weaken its structure. One of the major concerns of these effects is the continuous loss of turbine hydraulic efficiency. The governing equations of fluid flow are solved numerically on an unstructured grid using FEM based software ANSYS CFX. Finnie erosion model is used to compute average erosion rates. Simulation results are compared with the actual site data. The CFD analysis showed good agreement with the results of experimental work done previously using similar kind of geometries and operating conditions. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

세극등 현미경을 이용한 카파각의 측정

황범눈 ( Bum Noon Hwang ),손민호 ( Min Ho Son ),원인건 ( In Gun Won ) 대한안과학회 2002 대한안과학회지 Vol.43 No.10

Development and Socio-caltural Change in Malaysia : the Islamic Factor

Haziazn, Md. Noon 이슬람문화연구소 1997 이슬람문화 Vol.1 No.1

FROST HEAVE IN SALINE SOILS

C. G. Noon 대한기계학회 1992 International Conference on Fluid Machinery Vol.1 No.1

Erosion predictions for Centrifugal Pump casing

Adnan Aslam Noon,Man-Hoe Kim 대한설비공학회 2016 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.6

TGF-α,-β_1, and bFGF mRNA Expression of Lens Epithelial Cells in Senile and Diabetic Cataract

Hwang, Bum Noon,Her, Jun 대한의생명과학회 2002 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.8 No.3

Anterior subcapsular cataract was developed by opacification with transdifferentiation and abnormal proliferation of lens epithelial cells (LECs) and pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). After-cataract also be caused by a similar transdifferntiation of LECs remaining after surgery and the accompanying increase of ECM deposits. It is known that prostaglandin E2 and cytokine, such as TGF-β, bFGF, and IL-1, were associated with abnormal proliferation and transdifferentiation of LECs. The aim of this study was to detect the expression of transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), transforming growth factor-β_1 (TGF-β_1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bTGF) in LECs of senile and diabetic cataract. The expressions of these growth factors in lens epithelial cells were determined. The sample for growth factor determination were collected in senile cataract patients without metabolic disorder, especially diabetes mellitus and diabetic cataract patients. The mRNA expression of growth factors was detected by semi-quantiative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by Southern blot analysis. Statistics were analysed using Wilcoxon rank sum test. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR/southern analysis of RNA obtained from thirty surgical specimens demonstrated that the level of mRNA expression of TGF-α, -β_1 and bFGF was increased in diabetic cataract lens tissues compared with senile cataract specimens but non-significant, bFGF and TGF-β_1, mRNA expression were detected in most patients, expression level of TGF-β_1 was most high on the basis of normal ocular concentration. Detection rate of TGF-α in diabetic cataract was 1.5 fold higher than in senile cataract (P=0.098). TGF-α, TGF-β_1, and bFGF mRNA expression of LECs were detected in senile and diabetic cataract. In both patient groups, expression level of TGF-β_1, mRNA was high, so We suggest TGF-β_1 strong influence in development of senile cataract and of diabetic cataract also. TGF-α expression level was similar but more frequently detected in diabetic cataract than in senile cataract. In conclusion, TGF-α may be associated with early development of diabetic cataract.

TGF-$\alpha$, -$\beta$$_1$, and bFGF mRNA Expression of Lens Epithelial Cells in Senile and Diabetic Cataract

Hwang, Bum-Noon,Her, Jun 대한의생명과학회 2002 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.8 No.3

Anterior subcapsular cataract was developed by opacification with transdifferentiation and abnormal proliferation of lens epithelial cells (LECs) and pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). After-cataract also be caused by a similar transdifferentiation of LECs remaining after surgery and the accompanying increase of ECM deposits. It is blown that prostaglandin E2 and cytokine, such as TGF-$\beta$, bFGF, and IL-1, were associated with abnormal proliferation and transdifferentiation of LECs. The aim of this study was to detect the expression of transforming growth factor-$\alpha$ (TGF-$\alpha$), transforming growth factor-$\beta_1$(TGF-$\beta_1$) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in LECs of senile and diabetic cataract. The expressions of these growth factors in lens epithelial cells were determined. The sample for growth factor determination were collected in senile cataract patients without metabolic disorder, especially diabetes mellitus and diabetic cataract patients. The mRNA expression of growth factors was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by Southern blot analysis. Statistics were analysed using Wilcoxon rank sum test. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR/southern analysis of RNA obtained from thirty surgical specimens demonstrated that the level of mRNA expression of TGF-$\alpha$, -$\beta_1$ and bFGF was increased in diabetic cataract lens tissues compared with senile cataract specimens but non-significant, bFGF and TGF-$\beta_1$ mRNA expression were detected in most patients, expression level of TGF-$\beta_1$ was most high on the basis of normal ocular concentration. Detection rate of TGF-$\alpha$ in diabetic cataract was 1.5 fold higher than in senile cataract (P=0.098). TGF-$\alpha$, TGF-$\beta_1$, and bFGF mRNA expression of LECs were detected in senile and diabetic cataract. In both patient groups, expression level of TGF-$\beta_1$, mRNA was high, so We suggest TGF-$\beta_1$ strong influence in development of senile cataract and of diabetic cataract also. TGF-$\alpha$ expression level was similar but more frequently detected in diabetic cataract than in senile cataract. In conclusion, TGF-$\alpha$ may be associated with early development of diabetic cataract.