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Seismic responses of a metro tunnel in a ground fissure site
Liu, Nina,Huang, Qiang-Bing,Fan, Wen,Ma, Yu-Jie,Peng, Jian-Bing Techno-Press 2018 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.15 No.2
Shake table tests were conducted on scaled tunnel model to investigate the mechanism and effect of seismic loadings on horseshoe scaled tunnel model in ground fissure site. Key technical details of the experimental test were set up, including similarity relations, boundary conditions, sensor layout, modelling methods were presented. Synthetic waves and El Centro waves were adopted as the input earthquake waves. Results measured from hanging wall and foot wall were compared and analyzed. It is found that the seismic loadings increased the subsidence of hanging wall and lead to the appearance and propagation of cracks. The values of acceleration, earth pressure and strain were greater in the hanging wall than those in the foot wall. The tunnel exhibited the greatest earth pressure on right and left arches, however, the earth pressure on the crown of arch is the second largest and the inverted arch has the least earth pressure in the same tunnel section. Therefore, the effect of the hanging wall on the seismic performance of metro tunnel in earth fissure ground should be considered in the seismic design.
Development of Urban and Rural Institutions for the Aged
Xiang Qun Jiang,Nina Liu 한국노인복지학회 2013 International Journal of Welfare for the Aged Vol.29 No.-
In this paper, we aim at discussing the development of urban and rural institutions for the aged on the base of presenting the conditions of them. We maintain that the direction of the development of institutions for the aged is to keep the quantity while expanding, at the same time the government had better pay more attention to the reform of rural institutions for the aged. In addition, in the city, A problem?the imbalance of public, private urban institutions for the aged in supply and demand, need to be settled as soon as possible.