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Aakash Ali,Muhammad Ali Nasir,Muhammad Yasir Khalid,Saad Nauman,Khubab Shaker,Shahab Khushnood,Khurram Altaf,Muhammad Zeeshan,Azhar Hussain 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.9
Natural fiber composites have great potential for reducing the product cost, lowering weight and enhancing renewability. Functionality and performance of natural fibers can be enhanced many folds using them together with synthetic fibers. Hybridization of carbon and low-cost natural jute fiber offers a sustainable hybrid composite having high modulus and mechanical strength. This study investigates flexural behavior of carbon/jute epoxy composites experimentally and numerically. Also, impact response is characterized through drop weight method. Study concludes that flexural strength decreases with increase in jute percentage. Simulation of flexural behavior diverges more than 10 % from experimental results. This anomaly is due to waviness of fiber resulting in heterogeneous property distribution in composites. Further, the fracto-graphic study revealed modes of failure. The drop weight impact tests reveal increased damage area with increase in jute percentage.
Khan, Nauman Rauf,Khan, Amna Nauman,Bashir, Saira,Khan, Ayyaz Ali,Suleman, Bilquis A.,Chaudhry, Saima Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.3
P63 is a gene product required in cell cycle regulation which plays vital roles in tumor differentiation. Aims of the present study were to assess the frequency, pattern, sensitivity and specificity of two p63 protein clones P63 4A4 and P63 4A4+Y4A3 in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Thirty cases of head and neck region SCC diagnosed on the basis of H&E staining were examined along with 60 cases of head and neck region biopsies other than squamous cell carcinoma, negative on H&E staining, were taken as control. Immunostaining was performed on slides according to the Thermo Scientific UltraVision LP detection System. P63 4A4+Y4A3 clone is more sensitive 96.6% in comparison to 86% in P63 4A4 with having greater NPV of 98.3%. The results signify the importance of P63 4A4+Y4A3 marker over the old markers and may be used as a confirmatory marker of squamous cell carcinoma.
Kashif Nauman,Muhammad Hayat Jaspal,Bilal Asghar,Adeel Manzoor,Kumayl Hassan Akhtar,Usman Ali,Sher Ali,Jamal Nasir,Muhammad Sohaib,Iftikhar Hussain Badar 한국축산식품학회 2022 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.42 No.1
This trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of overwrap, vacuum, and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on poultry breast fillets' microbiological, biochemical shelf life and sensory attributes. The fillets were divided into 4 groups, and each of the treatments was replicated 3 times with 60 breast fillets. The first group was a control group with overwrap packaging; the second group was vacuum packed (VP); the third and fourth groups were MAP-1: 0% O2, 40% CO2, 60% N2, and MAP-2: 20% O2, 40% CO2, 40% N2. The microbiological and biochemical analyses were performed for the total viable count, coliform count, Pseudomonas count, Salmonella count, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), pH, cooking loss, color, lipid oxidation, tenderness, and sensory analysis. The data were analysed through two-way ANOVA by Minitab (Minitab 17.3.1). Meat treated with understudy MAP compositions and vacuum packaging reduced total viable count, Pseudomonas count, and total coliform count than control (p<0.05). TVB-N remained below the recommended limit throughout storage except aerobic packaging (p<0.05). Cooking loss (%) was lowered and showed non-significant results (p>0.05) between vacuum packaging and both MAP concentrations. The meat stored in MAP-2 was characterised by higher (p<0.05) visual scores. Whilst MAP-1 showed higher (p<0.05) L* values and overall acceptability. Sample packaged under aerobic packaging showed significant (p<0.05) results for b* and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Meat stored in aerobic packaging showed higher (p<0.05) shear force values. The outcome of this trial may help to promote the application of understudy MAP compositions and rapid detection of microbes by biochemical analysis under local conditions.
Modelling Civic Problem-Solving in Smart City Using Knowledge-Based Crowdsourcing
Syed M. Ali Kamal,Nadeem Kafi,Fahad Samad,Hassan Jamil Syed,Muhammad Nauman Durrani International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.8
Smart City is gaining attention with the advancement of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). ICT provides the basis for smart city foundation; enables us to interconnect all the actors of a smart city by supporting the provision of seamless ubiquitous services and Internet of Things. On the other hand, Crowdsourcing has the ability to enable citizens to participate in social and economic development of the city and share their contribution and knowledge while increasing their socio-economic welfare. This paper proposed a hybrid model which is a compound of human computation, machine computation and citizen crowds. This proposed hybrid model uses knowledge-based crowdsourcing that captures collaborative and collective intelligence from the citizen crowds to form democratic knowledge space, which provision solutions in areas of civic innovations. This paper also proposed knowledge-based crowdsourcing framework which manages knowledge activities in the form of human computation tasks and eliminates the complexity of human computation task creation, execution, refinement, quality control and manage knowledge space. The knowledge activities in the form of human computation tasks provide support to existing crowdsourcing system to align their task execution order optimally.
Akbar Asia Ali,Awan Aziz Ullah,Nadeem Sohail,Ahammad N Ameer,Raza Nauman,Oreijah Mowffaq,Guedri Kamel,Allahyani Seham Ayesh 한국CDE학회 2024 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.11 No.1
Brownian motions and Thermophoresis are primary sources of nanoparticle diffusion in nanofluids, having substantial implications for the thermo-physical characteristics of nanofluids. With such a high need, the 2D, laminar MHD (Magnetohydrodynamic) quadratic convective stream of Carreau–Yasuda nano liquid across the stretchy sheet has been reported. The flow is caused by surface stretching. The principal purpose of this extensive study is to enhance thermal transmission. The effects of variable thermal conductivity and heat source are considered as well. The governing boundary layer equations are transmuted using similarity parameters into a series of non-linear ODEs (ordinary differential equations). The bvp4c algorithm is adopted to fix the translated system numerically. The effects of prominent similarity variables over the temperature, velocity and concentration field are graphically visualized and verified via tables. It explored that fluid’s speed diminishes for the more significant inputs of the magnetic coefficient, Brownian motion coefficient and Prandtl number. The thermal efficiency is improved for larger values of thermophoretic constant, varying thermal conductance and heat-generating parameters. The concentration field has proved to be a decreasing function of nanofluid constants.
Khan Kashif Ali,Vivas-Cortez Miguel,Ahammad N Ameer,Bushra Hafiza,Gamaoun Fehmi,Javed Muhammad Faraz,Raza Nauman 한국CDE학회 2024 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.11 No.3
This research focuses on exploring the significance of chemical reactions and thermal radiation on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a Casson–Williamson nanofluid (CWNF) over a stretching sheet. The objective is to comprehend how these factors influence the flow and heat transfer. A mathematical model, comprising partial differential equations adjusted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via utilizing some transformation. These ODEs are then tackled by MATLAB’s BVP4C method, which is part of the finite difference technique. Results are verified by comparison with existing literature and are depicted visually and in tabular format. Additionally, the study explores the effects of external factors such as magnetic fields and the Lewis number on parameters like Nusselt number, friction factor, and Sherwood number. Furthermore, heat generation in MHD CWNF is analyzed, along with a thorough evaluation of heat transfer near a stretching sheet with a permeable layer. The findings suggest that growing Brownian motion factor (Nb) and thermophoresis coefficient (Nt) enhance the rate of heat transfer, signifying improved heat transfer rates. Similarly, higher Nt values are associated with enhanced Sherwood numbers, indicating better mass transfer. Conversely, higher Nb values lead in lower local Sherwood numbers. Physically, an increase in Brownian motion causes significant displacement of nanofluid particles, boosting their kinetic energy and thereby enhancing heat generation within the boundary layer. It is noted that the Eckert number (Ec) reflects the impact of different Ec values on temperature distribution. As Ec increases, there is a proportional increase in fluid temperature due to frictional heating, which stores heat energy within the fluid. This effect becomes more pronounced for non-linear stretching surfaces, demonstrating the response of the thermal region to viscous dissipation. Viscous dissipation has the potential to enhance convective heat transfer, leading to amplified temperature distribution and thickening of the thermal layer.
Saamia Zahid,Muhammad Ali Nasir,Saad Nauman,Mehmet Karahan,Yasir Nawab,H. M. Ali,Yasir Khalid,Muhammad Nabeel,Mudaser Ullah 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.1
In this study experimental investigation of interlaminar shear strength of glass fibre reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and epoxy based thermosets composites enhanced with multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is presented, and comparison is made between thermoplastic and thermosets composites. Suspension of MWCNTs in TPU and epoxy matrix was prepared using magnetic stirring and sonication technique. Both thermoplastic reinforced glass fibre and thermosets reinforced glass fibre composites were manufactured using hand layup technique. Carbon nanotubes were added in the concentrations of 0.1 %weight, 0.3 %weight and 0.5 %weight in both types of composites. Results showed that as the concentration of CNTs increases, the ILSS of the nanocomposites was also improved. With an addition of 0.5 % weight CNTs, there was improvement of 24.37 % in ILSS in epoxy based composites and 10.05 % enhancement in thermoplastic polyurethane reinforced glass fibre composites. The average ILSS obtained for thermoplastic polyurethane composites was less than that of epoxy composites. The TPU based composites also demonstrated inelastic deformations without any trace of brittle fracture. The pristine epoxy based composites on the other hand did show inelastic deformations followed by brittle fracture. Higher concentrations of MWCNTs led to an absence of brittle fracture during the tests, owing to the crack bridging effect of the CNTs.
Ahmad, Nazir,Ahmed, Iftikhar,Shahzad, Armghan,Khalid, Nauman,Mehboob, Farrakh,Ahad, Karam,Ali, Ghulam Muhammad The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2014 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.57 No.3
Phenol is a toxic pollutant found in effluent of numerous industries and its elimination is a foremost challenge. The utilization of bacteria plays a crucial role in phenol bioremediation. For isolation of phenol degrading bacteria, sample was collected from industrial waste and enriched in mineral salt medium (MSM) contained 300 mg/L phenol. The strain was identified based on 16S rRNA gene analysis as Pseudomonas species and the phylogenetic analysis affiliated the strain with Pseudomonas monteilii (AF064458) as the most closely related species. Phenol tolerance of the strain in MSM supplemented with various concentrations of phenol indicates that the strain NCCP-407 can grow best at $750mgL^{-1}$ phenol. The strain showed complete degradation of $750mgL^{-1}$ phenol in 56 hours when supplement as a sole source of carbon and energy with the average degradation rate of $28mgL^{-1}h^{-1}$. The doubling time was recorded approximately as $12.49h^{-1}$. The present study suggests that this strain is efficient in phenol degradation and can be used in treatment of wastewater containing phenol.