Quality control of Dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum): a review

Arun K. S. Parihar,K. Kulshrestha Mayank,Umakant Sahu,K. S. Karbhal,S. R. Inchulkar,Kamal Shah,N. S. Chauhan 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.1

Dalchini bark (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) being a vast treasure of phytoconstitutents have a tremendous ethnomedicinal value. Dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) being a delicious spice with an impressive effects on health and metabolism. Cinnamon barks are available in the market in lot of varieties. So it’s difficult to identify and select dalchini adulterant by numerous substituent and exhausted drugs which are of fewer efficacies and have an harmful effects for human beings. Dalchini are adulterate with Cinnamon cassia, Cinnaniomon burmanii, Cinnaniomon loureirii with other spices and amurud (Psidium guajava, common guava, lemon guava) etc. The present chapter is an attempt to cater various techniques for the identified of the adulterants and substitutes to shot out deterioration of herb potential.

New Sources of Resistance and Identification of DNA Marker Loci for Sheath Blight Disease Caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, in Rice

Pachai Poonguzhali(Pachai Poonguzhali ),Ashish Chauhan(Ashish Chauhan ),Abinash Kar(Abinash Kar ),Shivaji Lavale(Shivaji Lavale ),Spurthi N. Nayak(Spurthi N. Nayak ),S. K. Prashanthi(S. K. Prashanthi 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.6

Sheath blight disease caused by the necrotrophic, soilborne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, is the global threat to rice production. Lack of reliable stable resistance sources in rice germplasm pool for sheath blight has made resistance breeding a very difficult task. In the current study, 101 rice landraces were screened against R. solani under artificial epiphytotics and identified six moderately resistant landraces, Jigguvaratiga, Honasu, Jeer Sali, Jeeraga-2, BiliKagga, and Medini Sannabatta with relative lesion height (RLH) range of 21-30%. Landrace Jigguvaratiga with consistent and better level of resistance (21% RLH) than resistant check Tetep (RLH 28%) was used to develop mapping population. DNA markers associated with ShB resistance were identified in F2 mapping population developed from Jigguvaratiga × BPT5204 (susceptible variety) using bulk segregant analysis. Among 56 parental polymorphic markers, RM5556, RM6208, and RM7 were polymorphic between the bulks. Single marker analysis indicated the significant association of ShB with RM5556 and RM6208 with phenotypic variance (R2) of 28.29 and 20.06%, respectively. Co-segregation analysis confirmed the strong association of RM5556 and RM6208 located on chromosome 8 for ShB trait. This is the first report on association of RM6208 marker for ShB resistance. In silico analysis revealed that RM6208 loci resides the stearoyl ACP desaturases protein, which is involved in defense mechanism against plant pathogens. RM5556 loci resides a protein, with unknown function. The putative candidate genes or quantitative trait locus harbouring at the marker interval of RM5556 and RM6208 can be further used to develop ShB resistant varieties using molecular breeding approaches.

Fracture properties of concrete using damaged plasticity model -A parametric study

J.S. Kalyana Rama,D.R. Chauhan,M.V.N Sivakumar,A. Vasan,A. Ramachandra Murthy 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.64 No.1

The field of fracture mechanics has gained significance because of its ability to address the behaviour of cracks. Predicting the fracture properties of concrete based on experimental investigations is a challenge considering the quasi-brittle nature of concrete. So, there is a need for developing a standard numerical tool which predicts the fracture energy of concrete which is at par with experimental results. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the fracture energy and characteristic length for different grades of concrete using Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) model. Indian Standard and EUROCODE are used for the basic input parameters of concrete. Numerical evaluation is done using Finite Element Analysis Software ABAQUS/CAE. Hsu & Hsu and Saenz stress-strain models are adopted for the current study. Mesh sensitivity analysis is also carried to study the influence of type and size of elements on the overall accuracy of the solution. Different input parameters like dilatation angle, eccentricity are varied and their effect on fracture properties is addressed. The results indicated that the fracture properties of concrete for various grades can be accurately predicted without laboratory tests using CDP model.

Synthesis, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of novel mannich bases of benzimidazoles

Neeraj Kumar,C. S. Sharma,M. S. Ranawat,H. P. Singh,L. S. Chauhan,N. Dashora 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.1

A series of novel mannich bases of 2-substituted benzimidazoles was synthesized by the reaction of 2-substituted benzimidazoles with corresponding aldehyde and acetophenones. The structures of all synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, ¹HNMR,¹³C-NMR and LCMS. The compounds were evaluated for in vivo analgesic and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities by a tail flick method and carrageenan-inducedrat paw edema test respectively. Among all the compounds synthesized, compound A1 and B3 exhibited significantanalgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Acute ulcerogenicity studies showed that compound A1 and B3 were devoid of gastrointestinal toxicities.

EMISSION ANALYSIS OF A MEDIUM CAPACITY DIESEL ENGINE USING MAHUA OIL BIODIESEL

Ajay Kumar Sharma,L.M.Das,S.N.Naik,Bhupendra Singh Chauhan,Haeng Muk Cho 한국에너지학회 2013 에너지공학 Vol.22 No.2

Computerized Database of Important Landscape Arboreal Species of Himachal Pradesh (India)

Priyanka Thakur,Ajay Thakur,Y D. Sharma,N S. Chauhan,S P. Dhall 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Silica-polymer hybrid materials as methylene blue adsorbents

Jamwal, Hem Suman,Kumari, Sapana,Chauhan, Ghanshyam S.,Reddy, N.S.,Ahn, Jou-Hyeon Elsevier 2017 Journal of environmental chemical engineering Vol.5 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Nanohybrid materials have emerged as effective adsorbents for the removal of contaminants from the polluted water bodies. In this study we report two new hybrid materials as adsorbents for methylene blue from its aqueous solutions. Nanohybrid materials were prepared from methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate or 2-hydroxyproypl methacrylate by emulsifier–free emulsion polymerization using 3–aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as silane coupling agent, and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as silica component precursor and polymeric colloid stabilizer, respectively. Adsorption was studied as a function of various factors, including contact time using two cationic dyes methylene blue (MB) and malachite green and one anionic dye Congo red. Since the results obtained suggest more affinity of the adsorbents for MB than other two dyes, hence the former was selected to assess the effect of variation of temperature, pH and concentration, which control the dye adsorption process. The hybrid materials exhibited high adsorption capacity both in the cumulative as well as in the reusability studies. Experimental data was subjected to different kinetic models and adsorption isotherms to understand the adsorption mechanism.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> New poly(methacrylate)/silica nanohybrid were synthesized by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization. </LI> <LI> Synthesized materials were used as methylene blue (MB) adsorbents following a parametric framework. </LI> <LI> Materials exhibited high maximum adsorption capacity between 56.625 and 91.324mgg <SUP>−1</SUP> under optimum conditions. </LI> <LI> Materials are reusable. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

New silica–titania based polymeric hybrid materials for the removal of Cu(II) ions from their aqueous solutions

Jamwal, Hem Suman,Kumari, Sapana,Chauhan, Ghanshyam S.,Ahn, Jou-Hyeon,Subba Reddy, N. Elsevier 2016 Journal of environmental chemical engineering Vol.4 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Large surface area, high porosity and good mechanical strength are some of the attributes of the polymer–inorganic hybrid materials those make these attractive candidates for use as adsorbents. New silica/titania–based polymer–inorganic hybrid material was synthesized via the sol–gel process. While SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> were used as the inorganic components, poly(2–Hydroxypropyl methacrylate) was used as the polymeric component. The material was well characterized by FTIR, SEM, TEM and BET. The synthesized hybrid material was used as adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from their aqueous solutions. Parametric study of the factors affecting adsorption was carried out to find the optimum adsorption conditions. Different kinetic and isotherm models applied show that the adsorption best follows pseudo–second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of the HPMA/SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/TiO<SUB>2</SUB> hybrid material was found to be 192.23mgg.<SUP>−1</SUP> In order to see the validity of the experimental procedure and results obtained, artificial neuron network model was employed to predict the adsorption capacity values following the experimental adsorption parametric frame. There is a close agreement with the experimental and the predicted values as very high values of R<SUP>2</SUP> of 0.99957 and 0.99961 were obtained for the predicted vs. experimental values with training and testing data set.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> New HPMA/SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/TiO<SUB>2</SUB> hybrids were synthesized by sol-gel process. </LI> <LI> Synthesized materials were used as Cu(II) adsorbents following a parametric framework. </LI> <LI> Materials exhibited high maximum adsorption capacity of 192.23mgg <SUP>−1</SUP> under optimum conditions. </LI> <LI> ANN model was employed to validate the experimental adsorption capacity values. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

EMISSION ANALYSIS OF A MEDIUM CAPACITY DIESEL ENGINE USING MAHUA OIL BIODIESEL

Sharma, Ajay Kumar,Das, L.M.,Naik, S.N.,Chauhan, Bhupendra Singh,Cho, Haeng Muk The Korean Society for Energy 2013 에너지공학 Vol.22 No.2

The stringent emission norms cannot be met through engine design and exhaust after treatment alone. Use of oxygenated fuel like biodiesel as a alternative to diesel may be the best way to reduce emissions today. In this study, Diesel fuel and pure biodiesel (mahua oil) were tested on a single cylinder naturally-aspirated direct-injection diesel engine. The study aims to investigate the effects of the mahua oil biodiesel on existing diesel engine emissions. The effect of test fuels on engine emissions like CO, HC, $CO_2$, NOx and smoke emissions was investigated with respect to the load on engine. Smoke opacity of Diesel engine was lower in case of biodiesel of mahua oil as compare to mineral diesel. NOx emissions was little higher during the whole range of loading, which is a typical characteristic of biodiesel. However the increments are within in the narrow range. $CO_2$ emissions was bit higher which is the indication of better combustion due to presence of rich oxygen in the mixture, it results in the low values of CO and HC during the whole range of experiments. Thus considering environmental norms most of the engine emissions, it can be concluded and biodiesel derived from mahua oil could be used in a conventional diesel engine without any modification.

Quantitative estimation of poly(methyl methacrylate) nano-fiber membrane diameter by artificial neural networks

Sadan, M.K.,Ahn, H.J.,Chauhan, G.S.,Reddy, N.S. Pergamon Press 2016 European polymer journal Vol.74 No.-

<P>Relationship between the electrospun fiber diameters of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanofibers with process parameters are complex and nonlinear. We used artificial neural networks technique to estimate the electrospun PMMA nanofiber diameter as a function of polymer concentration, nozzle-collector distance, temperature, flow rate, and voltage. The average errors of the predicted fiber diameters for training and testing data were found to be 1.26% and 5.74%, respectively. Process window for optimum nanofiber diameter was generated. The proposed index of relative importance, evaluated in this study, will be a useful guide to quantitatively and qualitatively identify and define the importance of different electrospinning parameters on the fiber diameter. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>