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The epigenetic landscape of transgenerational acclimation to ocean warming
Ryu, Taewoo,Veilleux, Heather D.,Donelson, Jennifer M.,Munday, Philip L.,Ravasi, Timothy Nature Publishing Group UK 2018 Nature climate change Vol.8 No.6
<P>Epigenetic inheritance is a potential mechanism by which the environment in one generation can influence the performance of future generations(1). Rapid climate change threatens the survival of many organisms; however, recent studies show that some species can adjust to climate-related stress when both parents and their offspring experience the same environmental change(2,3). Whether such transgenerational acclimation could have an epigenetic basis is unknown. Here, by sequencing the liver genome, methylomes and transcriptomes of the coral reef fish, Acanthochromis polyacanthus, exposed to current day (+0 degrees C) or future ocean temperatures (+3 degrees C) for one generation, two generations and incrementally across generations, we identified 2,467 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and 1,870 associated genes that respond to higher temperatures within and between generations. Of these genes, 193 were significantly correlated to the transgenerationally acclimating phenotypic trait, aerobic scope, with functions in insulin response, energy homeostasis, mitochondrial activity, oxygen consumption and angiogenesis. These genes may therefore play a key role in restoring performance across generations in fish exposed to increased temperatures associated with climate change. Our study is the first to demonstrate a possible association between DNA methylation and transgenerational acclimation to climate change in a vertebrate.</P>
Molecular signatures of transgenerational response to ocean acidification in a species of reef fish
Schunter, Celia,Welch, Megan ,J.,Ryu, Taewoo,Zhang, Huoming,Berumen, Michael ,L.,Nilsson, Gö,ran ,E.,Munday, Philip ,L.,Ravasi, Timothy Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2016 Nature climate change Vol.6 No.11
<P>The impact of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems will depend on species capacity to adapt(1,2). Recent studies show that the behaviour of reef fishes is impaired at projected CO2 levels(3,4); however, individual variation exists that might promote adaptation. Here, we show a clear signature of parental sensitivity to high CO2 in the brain molecular phenotype of juvenile spiny damselfish, Acanthochromis polyacanthus, primarily driven by circadian rhythm genes. Offspring of CO2-tolerant and CO2-sensitive parents were reared at near-future CO2 (754 mu atm) or present-day control levels (414 mu atm). By integrating 33 brain transcriptomes and proteomes with a de novo assembled genome we investigate the molecular responses of the fish brain to increased CO2 and the expression of parental tolerance to high CO2 in the offspring molecular phenotype. Exposure to high CO2 resulted in differential regulation of 173 and 62 genes and 109 and 68 proteins in the tolerant and sensitive groups, respectively. Importantly, the majority of differences between offspring of tolerant and sensitive parents occurred in high CO2 conditions. This transgenerational molecular signature suggests that individual variation in CO2 sensitivity could facilitate adaptation of fish populations to ocean acidification.</P>