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Exploration of Gut Microbiome Research in Africa: A Scoping Review
Abdulkadir Yusif Maigoro,Mubarak Muhammad,Bashir Bello,Ushotanefe Useh,이수진 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.9
The crucial role of the gut microbiome in various diseases has led to increased interest in interventions andtherapeutics targeting the human microbiome. Accordingly, the current scoping review analyzed the diseases and interventionsinvolved in gut microbiome research in Africa. The electronic databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus weresearched from inception to October 2021. This study identified 48 studies involving 7073 study participants. Of the 48 studies,20 (42%) used interventions to modulate gut microbiota, whereas the remaining 28 (58%) did not. Out of the total Africancountries, only 13% were involved in intervention-based gut microbiome research, whereas a larger proportion of 67% werenot involved in any gut microbiome research. The interventions used in gut microbiome research in Africa include supplements,natural products, educational approaches, associated pathogens, albendazole, fresh daily yogurt, iron-containing lipidbasednutrient supplements, fecal microbiota transplant, and prophylactic cotrimoxazole. This scoping review highlights thecurrent state of gut microbiome research in Africa. The findings of this review can inform the design of future studies andinterventions aimed at improving gut health in African populations.
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Siti Nor Azizah Mahamud,Muhammad Bashir Bello,Aini Ideris,Abdul Rahman Omar 대한수의학회 2022 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.23 No.4
Background: The commercially available Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines were developed based on Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates genetically divergent from field strains that can only prevent clinical disease, not shedding of virulent heterologous virus, highlighting the need to develop genotype-matched vaccines Objectives: This study examined the efficacy of the NDV genotype-matched vaccine, mIBS025 strain formulated in standard vaccine stabilizer, and in carboxymethyl sago starch-acid hydrogel (CMSS-AH) following vaccination via an eye drop (ED) and drinking water (DW). Methods: A challenge virus was prepared from a recent NDV isolated from ND vaccinated flock. Groups of specific-pathogen-free chickens were vaccinated with mIBS025 vaccine strain prepared in a standard vaccine stabilizer and CMSS-AH via ED and DW and then challenged with the UPM/NDV/IBS362/2016 strain. Results: Chickens vaccinated with CMSS-AH mIBS025 ED (group 2) developed the earliest and highest Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) NDV antibody titer (8log2) followed by standard mIBS025 ED (group 3) (7log2) both conferred complete protection and drastically reduced virus shedding. By contrast, chickens vaccinated with standard mIBS025 DW (group 5) and CMSS-AH mIBS025 DW (group 4) developed low HI NDV antibody titers of 4log2 and 3log2, respectively, which correspondingly conferred only 50% and 60% protection and continuously shed the virulent virus via the oropharyngeal and cloacal routes until the end of the study at 14 dpc. Conclusions: The efficacy of mIBS025 vaccines prepared in a standard vaccine stabilizer or CMSS-AH was affected by the vaccination routes. The groups vaccinated via ED had better protective immunity than those vaccinated via DW.
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